Huron Mountains
{{short description|Mountain range in Michigan, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox mountain
|name = Huron Mountains
|photo = hogback_huron.jpg
|photo_caption = Hogback Mountain (1,220 ft) in the Presque Isle Tract, a park within the Huron Mountain Range
|country = United States
|subdivision1 = Michigan
|subdivision2_type = Counties
|subdivision2 = {{hlist|Marquette|Baraga}}
|parent =
|highest = Mount Arvon
|elevation_ft = 1979
|coordinates = {{coord|46|45|20|N|88|09|21|W|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|geology =
|orogeny =
|map =
|map_caption =
}}
The Huron Mountains are located in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan, mostly in Marquette County, and extending into Baraga County, overlooking Lake Superior. Their highest peak is Mount Arvon, which is the highest point in Michigan at {{convert|1979|ft|m|0}} above sea level. Nearby Mount Curwood, Michigan's second highest mountain at {{convert|1978|ft|m|0}}, is also a part of the Huron Mountains.
Geology
File:Huron Mountains Summit.jpg
The mountains are the remnants of much higher peaks, composed of Precambrian rocks which have gone through successive periods of uplift and erosion. The outcroppings of granite and siliceous metamorphic rocks bear the evidence of more recent glacial action. Geologically, the area is part of the Canadian Shield.
Pleistocene glaciation deposited sandy loam or loamy sand glacial till on most of the terrain, and the soils, podzolized in well drained areas, are largely mapped as Munising or Keweenaw series. Loamy or silty mantles atop the till are mapped as Michigamme series, while sandy outwash often is classified as Kalkaska series.{{Cite map |title = SoilWeb: An Online Soil Survey Browser |author = California Soil Resource Lab |date = July 10, 2021 |publisher = University of California, Davis |url = https://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/gmap/ |access-date = July 10, 2021 }}
The region is subject to heavy lake-effect snow from Lake Superior. No official weather records are maintained in the mountains, but annual snowfall averages easily exceed {{convert|200|in|cm}} across the entire range. Some higher elevations probably average over {{convert|250|in|cm}}. The community of Herman receives an unofficial average of {{convert|236|in|cm}} per season.
Ecology
The region is characterized by its boreal vegetation and unusually diverse and pristine habitats. It includes one of the largest remnants of substantially undisturbed old-growth forest in the upper Great Lakes region. Forests on the uplands are dominated by hemlock and northern hardwoods. Forests on the steep slopes and mountain ridges are dominated by pine-oak stands.
Fauna in the area includes wolves, moose, coyotes, cougar, fisher, marten, mink, white-tailed deer, gray and red foxes, porcupines, black bears, river otters and beavers.
Conservation
The area has been preserved largely by the influence of the highly exclusive Huron Mountain Club (HMC) which owns a large tract of land in the mountains, including a portion of the Salmon Trout River. The club commissioned noted naturalist Aldo Leopold to create a preservation plan for the area. The HMC restricts access to its property, limiting whitewater rafting on the Salmon Trout River. The HMC put Henry Ford on a waiting list. In order to gain favor with the club, Ford blocked the construction of a planned extension of highway M-35 through the mountains. After gaining membership, Ford commissioned noted architect Albert Kahn in 1929 to build a $100,000 cabin for his use.{{cite book |last = Rydholm |first = C. Fred |title = Superior Heartland: A Backwoods History |volume = I |year = 1989 |publisher = Braun-Brumfield |location = Ann Arbor, Michigan |isbn = 0-9639948-2-4 |pages = 508–515 }}
The Huron Mountain Wildlife Foundation sponsors natural science research in the region, including the HMC lands. In the late 1950s, the Huron Mountains were a candidate for becoming a national park. However, the HMC was influential in undermining the proposal.{{cite book |first = Theodore J. |last = Karamanski |year = 2000 |chapter = Chapter Two 'We're Going For The Right Thing:' The Legislative Struggle to Create Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, 1971–1977 |at = SOS The First Sleeping Bear Bill |chapter-url = http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/slbe/adhi_2b.htm |title = A Nationalized Lakeshore: The Creation and Administration of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore |location = Omaha, Nebraska |publisher = Midwest Regional Office, National Park Service |oclc = 44893478 |access-date = July 1, 2004 |archive-date = April 7, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070407071050/http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/slbe/adhi_2b.htm |url-status = dead }}
{{wide image|Storm over the Huron Mountains.jpg|600px|alt=A Storm rolls in over the Huron Mountains.|Facing west from CR 510, with AAA Road in the foreground}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.michiganhighways.org/indepth/M-35_huronmtns.html M-35: The Highway Henry Ford Stopped]
{{Mountains of Michigan}}
Category:Mountain ranges of Michigan
Category:Protected areas of Baraga County, Michigan
Category:Protected areas of Marquette County, Michigan
Category:Nature reserves in Michigan