Hut 4
{{Short description|Part of Second World War UK government cypher school}}
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File:BletchleyPark Hut4 01.JPG
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Hut 4 was a wartime section of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park tasked with the translation, interpretation and distribution of Kriegsmarine (German navy) messages deciphered by Hut 8. The messages were largely encrypted by Enigma machines. As the Kriegsmarine operated Enigma more securely, Hut 8 had less information for Ultra than Hut 6 which handled Army and Air Force messages. Hut 4 also broke various hand cyphers and some Italian naval traffic.Briggs (2011) p 67
Location
Located initially in one of the original single-story wooden huts, the name "Hut 4" was retained when the section moved to a new brick building, Block A, in 1941.
Operation
Naval Ultra was handled differently from Army and Air Force Ultra because the Admiralty was an operational HQ and could give orders during a battle; while the Imperial General Staff (Army) and Air Staff would give directives to theatre commanders general orders say to "clear the enemy out of Africa" with discretion over how to do it. Verbatim translations of naval decodes were sent to the Naval Intelligence Division (NID) of the Admiralty's Operational Intelligence Centre (OIC) in London and nowhere else (except for some naval intelligence sent directly from Bletchley to Commanders-in-Chief in the Mediterranean).Calvacoressi (1980) pp. 16, 17
Hut 4 also decoded a manual system known as the "dockyard cipher". This sometimes carried messages that were also sent on an Enigma network. Feeding these back to Hut 8 provided excellent cribs for breaking the current naval Enigma key.
People
- M. M. G. Jennings (Margaret Allan), racing driver{{cite web|title=Bletchley Park {{!}} Roll of Honour — undefined|url=https://bletchleypark.org.uk/roll-of-honour/4887|website=Bletchley Park|publisher=Bletchley Park Trust|accessdate=10 October 2017}}
- J. W. B. Barns, later Professor of Egyptology at Oxford
- Sarah Baring, later Viscountess Astor
- Osla Benning, Prince Philip's first girlfriend
- Jocelyn Bostock from Lady Margaret Hall (LMH) Oxford, assistant to Hinsley Briggs (2011) p 159
- Alec Naylor Dakin
- Pamela Rose{{cite news |title=Pamela Rose obituary|work=The Daily Telegraph |date=10 November 2021}}
- Leonard R. Palmer, later Professor of Comparative Philology at Oxford.Briggs (2011) p 148
- Bernard Willson
Note: Frank Birch and Harry Hinsley were both associated with the naval section (Huts 4 & 8).
References
Sources
- Asa Briggs Secret Days: Code-breaking in Bletchley Park (2011, Frontline Books, London) {{ISBN|978-1-84832-615-6}}
- Peter Calvocoressi Top Secret Ultra (1980, Cassell Ltd, London) {{ISBN|0-304-30546-4}}
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