Hutuknga
{{Short description|Former Tongva village in Yorba Linda, California}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
File:Indian place names Los Angeles Herald.jpg in 1893. ]]
Hutuknga (alternative spellings: Hotuuknga or Hutuukuga) was a large Tongva village located in the foothills along the present channel of the Santa Ana River in what is now Yorba Linda, California.{{Cite book |last1=Koerper |first1=Henry |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/745176510 |title=Catalysts to complexity : late Holocene societies of the California coast |last2=Mason |first2=Roger |last3=Peterson |first3=Mark |date=2002 |publisher=Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA |others=Jon Erlandson, Terry L. Jones, Jeanne E. Arnold, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA |isbn=978-1-938770-67-8 |location=Los Angeles |pages=64–66, 79 |oclc=745176510}}{{Cite web |last1=Greene |first1=Sean |last2=Curwen |first2=Thomas |title=Mapping the Tongva villages of L.A.'s past |url=https://www.latimes.com/projects/la-me-tongva-map/ |access-date=2022-12-07 |website=www.latimes.com |date=9 May 2019 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Akins |first=Damon B. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1176314767 |title=We are the land : a history of Native California |date=2021 |others=William J., Jr. Bauer |isbn=978-0-520-28049-6 |location=Oakland, California |pages=263 |oclc=1176314767}} People from the village were recorded in mission records as Jutucabit.{{Cite book |last=Martínez |first=Roberta H. |author-link=Roberta H. Martinez|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/402526696 |title=Latinos in Pasadena |date=2009 |publisher=Arcadia |isbn=978-0-7385-6955-0 |location=Charleston, SC |pages=10 |oclc=402526696}} Hutuknga was part of a series of villages along the Santa Ana River, which included Lupukngna, Genga, Pajbenga, and Totpavit.{{Cite book |last1=Koerper |first1=Henry |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/745176510 |title=Catalysts to complexity : late Holocene societies of the California coast |last2=Mason |first2=Roger |last3=Peterson |first3=Mark |date=2002 |publisher=Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA |others=Jon Erlandson, Terry L. Jones, Jeanne E. Arnold, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA |isbn=978-1-938770-67-8 |location=Los Angeles |pages=64 |oclc=745176510}}{{Cite book |last=Mitchell |first=Patrick |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/909903029 |title=Santa Ana River Guide |date=2006 |others=Larry B. Van Dyke, Eva Dienel |isbn=978-0-89997-616-7 |edition=1st |location=Birmingham, Alabama |pages=219 |oclc=909903029}} The Turnball Canyon area is sometimes falsely associated with Hutuknga.{{Cite web |last=Cunningham |first=Kieran James |date=2018-04-05 |title=Turnbull Canyon Hiking Trail Guide |url=https://www.myopencountry.com/turnbull-canyon-hiking-trail-guide/ |access-date=2022-12-07 |website=My Open Country |language=en-US}}
Village life
The village may have had a population of about 250 at the time of contact, and has been described as one of the largest Tongva villages. It was linked to the downstream village of Genga through marriage ties.
It is likely that villagers primarily subsisted on oak trees for acorns and seeds from various grasses and sage bushes. Rabbit and mule deer were likely consumed for meat. Like other surrounding villages, it likely had deep trade connections with coastal villages and those further inland.
History
The Portolá expedition (1769–1770) may have come into contact with the village, in which a recount of the encounter recalled that residents brought gifts of food to the Spaniards. The chief then made a speech. Friar Juan Crespí noted "they are all very well-behaved tractable folk, who seem somewhat lean – though the men very strongly built – and food must be in short supply with them."{{Cite book |last=Brigandi |first=Phil |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/914181947 |title=Orange County chronicles |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-62584-588-7 |location=Charleston |pages=7 |oclc=914181947}}
People from the village were primarily baptized at Mission San Gabriel as part of a larger colonial project of Christian conversion of Indigenous peoples at Spanish missions in California.{{Cite book |last=Engelhardt |first=Zephyrin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aWELAAAAYAAJ |title=San Gabriel Mission and the Beginnings of Los Angeles |year=1927 |pages=355–56}} One of the earliest converts at the mission was a boy from the village, who was converted in 1772.{{Cite web |title=Indian Villages |url=https://www.ochistoryland.com/indian-villages |access-date=2022-12-14 |website=OC Historyland |language=en-US}} 240 people from Hutuknga were baptized in at Mission San Gabriel from between 1773 and 1790.{{Cite book |last=Brigandi |first=Phil |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/914181947 |title=Orange County chronicles |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-62584-588-7 |location=Charleston |oclc=914181947}} It was recorded in San Gabriel mission records as a large village, along with Totabit, Pasinonga, and Wapijangna.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EF_JuKx1A2sC |title=Chino Hills State Park: General Plan |publisher=Department of Parks and Recreation |year=1986 |pages=25}}
See also
References
Category:Tongva populated places
Category:History of Orange County, California
Category:Former Native American populated places in California