Hyderabad State (1948–1956)

{{About|a State of India from 1948–1956|the princely state of Hyderabad|Hyderabad State|the modern state|Telangana}}

{{Infobox former subdivision

| native_name =

| conventional_long_name = Hyderabad State

| common_name = Hyderabad State

| nation = India

| status_text = State of India

| coordinates = {{Coord|17|00|N|78|50|E|display=title}}

| era =

| year_start = 1948

| date_start = 1948-09-17

| event_start = Hyderabad State formed from Princely State of Hyderabad

| year_end = 1956

| date_end = 1956-10-31

| event_end = Reorganised and renamed as Andhra Pradesh

| event1 =

| date_event1 =

| p1 = Hyderabad State

| s1 = Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)|Andhra Pradesh

| s2 = Mysore State

| s3 = Bombay State

| flag_p1 = Asafia flag of Hyderabad State.svg

| flag_s1 =Emblem of Andhra Pradesh before 2014.svg

| flag_s2 = Flag of Karnataka, India.png

| flag_s3 = Emblem of Bombay State.svg

| image_flag =

| image_coat = Emblem of Hyderabad State (1948–1956).svg

| image_map = Hyderabad in India (1951).svg

| image_map_caption = Hyderabad in India (1951)

| stat_area1 =

| stat_year1 =

| stat_pop1 =

| today = Telangana
Maharashtra
Karnataka

| footnotes = [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_states.html States of India since 1947]

}}

File:Hyderabad state from the Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909.jpg

Hyderabad State was a state in Dominion and later Republic of India, formed after the accession of the State of Hyderabad into the Union on 17 September 1948.{{cite web |newspaper=The Times of India |date=15 September 2019 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabad-had-tried-nrc-71-years-ago-and-failed/articleshow/71132138.cms|title=Hyderabad had tried 'NRC' 71 years ago, and failed}} It existed from 1948 to 1956. Hyderabad State comprised present day Telangana, Marathwada, and Hyderabad-Karnataka.

Following the States Reorganisation Act, which implemented a linguistic reorganisation of states, the Hyderabad state was dissolved. Its different regions were merged with Andhra State, Mysore State and Bombay State respectively..

{{cite web

|url=http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/

|title=States Reorganization Act 1956

|access-date=1 July 2008

|publisher=Commonwealth Legal Information Institute

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516123014/http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/

|archive-date=16 May 2008

}}

History

File:ChoudharyAdressingCrowds Nehru Presence FatehMaidan.jpg as Nehru looks on]]

Following the Nizam's forces surrender on September 17, 1948, a military government headed by Major General J. N. Chaudhuri who led Operation Polo was established. A firman was issued by the Nizam on November 24, 1949 wherein he accepted henceforth the Indian Constitution to be applicable to the State of Hyderabad. The Instrument of Accession was signed by the Nizam on January 25, 1950. Later the next day, as India became a Republic on January 26, Nizam took over as the Raj Pramukh.

Resolution at the United Nations

On September 20, 1948, during the 359th meeting of Security Council a representative from India informed that Nizam had instructed the representative of Hyderabad decided to withdraw the complaint from Security Council. On 22 September 1948 a cable sent by Nizam to Secretary General confirmed the same. The cable also stated that that Hyderabad delegation at United Nations ceased to have any authority to either represent Hyderabad or the Nizam. The Hyderabad delegation denied this, however on 24 September the delegation of Hyderabad confirmed the same and informed Security Council that Hyderabad State has surrendered and Government India had instructed Agents-General of Hyderabad to suspend all overseas activities.{{cite book |last= |first= |author-link= |date= |title= Yearbook of the United Nations 1948-49|url= https://cdn.un.org/unyearbook/yun/pdf/1948-49/1948-49_309.pdf|location= |publisher=United Nations |page= 299|isbn=9789210602204}}

Government formation after Integration

File:First cabinet of Hyderabad State with the Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan.jpg

A military government headed by Major General J. N. Chaudhuri who led Operation Polo was established. He stayed on as Military Governor till December 1949.{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/nizam-writ-ran-after-police-action-till-1950-accession/articleshow/103486501.cms|title=Nizam writ ran after police action till 1950 accession|publisher=Times of India|first=Syded|last=Akbar|date=2023-09-08|access-date=2024-11-07}}

On 1 December 1949, the military government was dissolved and a civilian government headed by M. K. Vellodi was formed in its place. Later in 1952, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao became the second Chief Minister of Hyderabad State and the first democratically elected Chief Minister. The last Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan continued as the head of state as Rajpramukh till 1956 when Hyderabad State was split on linguistic basis and reorganised into three states. Ian Copland, The Princes of India in the Endgame of Empire, 1917-1947 (Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. x

The state witnessed Mulkhi agitation in 1952 by the locals after government jobs meant for the locals were given to non-locals.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}

class="wikitable"
No ! Portrait ! Name !colspan=2\| Term of office !scope=col\|Duration ! Office(s) held
align=center \| 1 \| 148px ! Mir Osman Ali Khan \| 26 January 1950 \| 31 October 1956 \| {{age in years and days\|1950\|01\|26\|1956\|10\|31}} \| Rajpramukh
align=center style="height: 60px;"

class="wikitable"

! Portrait

! Name

!colspan=2| Term of office

!scope=col|Duration

! Office(s) held

align=center

| 1

| 148px

! Mir Osman Ali Khan

| 26 January 1950

| 31 October 1956

| {{age in years and days|1950|01|26|1956|10|31}}

| Rajpramukh

align=center style="height: 60px;"

class="wikitable"
No ! Portrait ! Name !colspan=2\| Term of office !scope=col\|Duration ! Office(s) held
align=center \| 1 \| 90px ! Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri \| 17 September 1948 \| 1 December 1949 \| {{age in years and days\|1948\|09\|17\|1949\|12\|01}} \| Military Governor of Hyderabad
align=center style="height: 60px;"

class="wikitable"

! Portrait

! Name

!colspan=2| Term of office

!scope=col|Duration

! Office(s) held

align=center

| 1

| 90px

! Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri

| 17 September 1948

| 1 December 1949

| {{age in years and days|1948|09|17|1949|12|01}}

| Military Governor of Hyderabad

align=center style="height: 60px;"

class="wikitable"
No ! Portrait ! Name !colspan=2\| Term of office !scope=col\|Duration ! Office(s) held
align=center \| 1 \| 90px ! M. K. Vellodi \| 01 December 1949 \| 6 March 1952 \| {{age in years and days\|1949\|12\|01\|1952\|03\|06}} \| Chief Minister of Hyderabad
align=center style="height: 60px;"

class="wikitable"

! Portrait

! Name

!colspan=2| Term of office

!scope=col|Duration

! Office(s) held

align=center

| 1

| 90px

! M. K. Vellodi

| 01 December 1949

| 6 March 1952

| {{age in years and days|1949|12|01|1952|03|06}}

| Chief Minister of Hyderabad

align=center style="height: 60px;"

class="wikitable"
No ! Portrait ! Name !colspan=2\| Term of office !scope=col\|Duration ! Office(s) held
align=center \| 1 \| 90px ! Burgula Ramakrishna Rao \| 6 March 1952 \| 31 October 1956 \| {{age in years and days\|1952\|03\|06\|1956\|10\|31}} \| Chief Minister of Hyderabad
align=center style="height: 60px;"

class="wikitable"

! Portrait

! Name

!colspan=2| Term of office

!scope=col|Duration

! Office(s) held

align=center

| 1

| 90px

! Burgula Ramakrishna Rao

| 6 March 1952

| 31 October 1956

| {{age in years and days|1952|03|06|1956|10|31}}

| Chief Minister of Hyderabad

align=center style="height: 60px;"

Elections

In the first State Assembly election in India, 1952, Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected Chief Minister of Hyderabad State. During this time there were violent agitations by some Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly implement 'Mulki-rules'(Local jobs for locals only), which was part of Hyderabad state law since 1919.{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/09/06/stories/2002090603210900.htm |title=Mulki agitation in Hyderabad state |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |access-date=9 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826122139/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/09/06/stories/2002090603210900.htm |archive-date=26 August 2010 |url-status=usurped }}

List of districts of Hyderabad State

Administratively, Hyderabad State was made up of sixteen districts, grouped into four divisions:{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}.

class="wikitable sortable"
scope="col" \| Official name ! scope="col" \| Division ! scope="col" \| Map
style="text-align:center;"\|Aurangabad \|rowspan=4 style="text-align:center;"\|Aurangabad Division \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Bhir \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Nander \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Parbhani \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Bidar \|rowspan=4 style="text-align:center;"\|Gulbarga Division \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Gulbarga \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Osmanabad \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Raichur \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Atraf-i-Baldah \|rowspan=5 style="text-align:center;"\|Gulshanabad (Medak) Division \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Mahbubnagar \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Medak \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Nalgonda \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Nizamabad \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Adilabad \|rowspan=3 style="text-align:center;"\|Warangal Division \|style="timage-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Karimnagar \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px
style="text-align:center;"\|Warangal \|style="image-align:center;"\|100px

class="wikitable sortable"

scope="col" | Official name

! scope="col" | Division

! scope="col" | Map

style="text-align:center;"|Aurangabad

|rowspan=4 style="text-align:center;"|Aurangabad Division