Hydrolysis constant

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=121}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=757–797}}

!Hummel and Thoenen, 2023{{Cite book |last=Hummel |first=W. |title=Technical Report 21-03. The PSI Chemical Thermodynamic Database 2020 |last2=Thoenen |first2=T. |publisher=NAGRA |year=2023 |location=Wettingen |pages=252–259}}

|–4.97

|−4.98 ± 0.02

|−4.98 ± 0.02

|–9.3

|−10.63 ± 0.09

|−10.63 ± 0.09

|–15.0

|−15.66 ± 0.23

|−15.99 ± 0.23

|–23.0

|−22.91 ± 0.10

|−22.91 ± 0.10

|–7.7

|−7.62 ± 0.11

|−7.62 ± 0.11

|–13.94

|−14.06 ± 0.22

|−13.90 ± 0.12

|–98.73

|−100.03 ± 0.09

|−100.03 ± 0.09

|8.5

|7.75 ± 0.08

|7.75 ± 0.08

|

|7.69 ± 0.15

|9.4 ± 0.4

|+

!Reaction

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=407–414}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

|–6.5 ± 0.1

|–7.22 ± 0.03

|–7.2 ± 0.5

|–14.1 ± 0.3

|–14.9 ± 0.2

|–15.1 ± 0.7

|–25.7

|–26.0 ± 0.2

|–26.2 ± 0.5

|–16.9 ± 0.1

|–16.9 ± 0.8

|–16.9 ± 0.8

|–15.2

|–15.62 ± 0.04

|–15.6 ± 0.6

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=414}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

|–10.7 ± 0.2

|

|–22.9 ± 0.7

|

|–5.4 ± 0.4

|–5.3 ± 0.5

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=375}}

!Lothenbach et al., 1999;{{Cite book |last=Lothenbach |first=B. |title=Thermodynamic Data for the Speciation and Solubility of Pd, Pb, Sn, Sb, Nb and Bi in Aqueous Solution. TN8400 99-011 |last2=Ochs |first2=M. |last3=Wanner |first3=H. |last4=Yui |first4=M. |publisher=Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute (JNC) |year=1999}}

Kitamura et al., 2010{{Cite book |last=Kitamura |first=A. |title=JAEA Thermodynamic Database for Performance Assessment of Geological Disposal of High-Level Radioactive and TRU-Wastes. Report JAEA-Data/Code 2009-024 |last2=Fujiwara |first2=K. |last3=Doi |first3=R. |last4=Yoshida |first4=Y. |last5=Mihara |first5=M. |last6=Terashima |first6=M. |last7=Yui |first7=M. |publisher=Japan Atomic Energy Agency |year=2010}}

!Filella and May, 2003{{Cite journal |last=Filella |first=M. |last2=May |first2=P.M. |date=2003 |title=Computer simulation of the low-molecular-weight inorganic species distribution of antimony(III) and antimony(V) in natural waters. |journal=Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta |volume=67 |pages=4013–4031 |doi=10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00095-4}}

|1.41

| 1.30

| 1.371

|‒11.82

|‒11.93

|‒11.70

|‒4.24

|

|

|

|‒8.72

|‒10.00

|

|

|‒11.40

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Lothenbach et al., 1999; Kitamura et al., 2010

|‒2.72

| ‒2.72

|20.34

|20.34

|16.72

|16.72

|11.89

|11.89

|6.07

|6.07

|‒3.7

|

|

|‒7.400

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=370}}

!Nordstrom and Archer, 2003{{Cite book |last=Nordstrom |first=D.K. |title=Arsenic thermodynamic data and environmental geochemistry. In: Arsenic in Ground Water. |last2=Archer |first2=D. |publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers |year=2003 |editor-last=Welch |editor-first=AH |location=Amsterdam |pages=1‒25 |doi=10.1007/0-306-47956-7_1 |editor-last2=Stollenwerk |editor-first2=KG}}

!Nordstrom et al., 2014{{Cite journal |last=Nordstrom |first=D.K. |last2=Majzlan |first2=J. |last3=Königsberger |first3=E. |date=2014 |title=Thermodynamic properties for As minerals & aqueous species |journal=Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry |volume=79 |pages=217‒255 |doi=10.2138/rmg.2014.79.4}}

|9.29

| 9.17

| 9.24 ± 0.02

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer

!Khodakovsky et al. (1968){{Cite journal |last=Khodakovsky |first=I.L. |last2=Ryzhenko |first2=B.N. |last3=Naumov |first3=G.B. |date=1968 |title=Thermodynamics of aqueous electrolyte solutions at elevated temperatures (Temperature dependence of the heat capacities of ions in aqueous solution) |journal=Geokhimiya |volume=12 |pages=1486‒ 1503, 1968}}

!Nordstrom and Archer, 2003

!Nordstrom et al., 2014

|2.24

|2.21

| 2.26 ± 0.078

| 2.25 ± 0.04

|

|6.93

|6.99 ± 0.1

|6.98 ± 0.11

|

|11.51

|11.80 ± 0.1

|11.58 ± 0.05

|9.20

|

|

|

|20.70

|

|

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=103}}

!Nordstrom et al., 1990{{Cite book |last=Nordstrom |first=D.K. |title=Revised chemical equilibrium data for major water-mineral reactions and their limitations. In: Chemical Modeling of Aqueous Systems II |last2=Plummer |first2=L.N. |last3=Langmuir |first3=D. |last4=Busenberg |first4=E. |last5=May |first5=H.M. |last6=Jones |first6=B.F. |last7=Parkhurst |first7=D.L. |publisher=ACS |year=1990 |editor-last=Melchior |editor-first=D.C. |location=Washington, DC |pages=398–446 |editor-last2=Basset |editor-first2=R.L.}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |location=New York |pages=213–217}}

| –13.47

| –13.47

| –13.32 ± 0.07

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=419–422}}

| –13.5 ± 1.0

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=95}}

| –5.10

|–23.65

|–23.25

|–37.42

|–3.97

|–8.92

|–27.2

|6.69

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=383}}

!Lothenbach et

al., 1999

!NIST46{{Cite book |last=NIST46 |url=https://www.nist.gov/srd/nist46 |title=NIST Critically Selected Stability Constants of Metal Complexes: Version 8.0.}}

!Kitamura et

al., 2010

!Brown and

Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=874–884}}

| –1.0

|–0.92

|–1.1

|–0.920

|–0.92 ± 0.15

|(–4)

|–2.56

|–4.5

|–2.560 ± 1.000

|–2.59 ± 0.26

|–8.86

|–5.31

|–9.0

|–8.940 ± 0.500

|–8.78 ± 0.20

|–21.8

|–18.71

|–21.2

|–21.660 ± 0.870

|–22.06 ± 0.14

|

|–0.80

|

|–0.800

|

|

|1.34

|

|1.340

|0.98 ± 0.13

|

|–1.36

|

|–1.360

|

|

|–3.25

|

|–3.250

|

|

|–4.86

|

|–4.860

|

|

|

|

|31.501 ± 0.927

|

|

|0.76

|

|

|

|3.46

|

|

|31.501 ± 0.927

|2.88 ± 0.64

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=111}}

!NIST46

| –9.236

|–9.236 ± 0.002

|–9.36

|–9.306

|–7.03

|–7.306

|–16.3

|–15.032

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=301}}

!Powell et al., 2011{{Cite journal |last=Powell |first=K.J. |last2=Brown |first2=P.L. |last3=Byrne |first3=R.H. |last4=Gajda |first4=T. |last5=Hefter |first5=G. |last6=Leuz |first6=A.-K. |last7=Sjöberg |first7=S. |last8=Wanner |first8=H. |date=2011 |title=Chemical speciation of environmentally significant metals with inorganic ligands. Part 4: The Cd²⁺ + OH^–, Cl^–, CO₃^2–, SO₄^2–, and PO₄^3– systems (IUPAC Technical Report) |journal=Pure Appl. Chem. |volume=83 |pages=1163–1214 |doi=10.1351/PAC-REP-10-08-09|doi-access=free }}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=730–738}}

| −10.08

| –9.80 ± 0.10

| −9.81 ± 0.10

|–20.35

|–20.19 ± 0.13

|−20.6 ± 0.4

|<–33.3

|–33.5 ± 0.5

|−33.5 ± 0.5

|–47.35

|–47.28 ± 0.15

|−47.25 ± 0.15

|–9.390

|–8.73 ± 0.01

|−8.74 ± 0.10

|–32.85

|

|

|

|–14.28 ± 0.12

|

|13.65

|13.72 ± 0.12

|13.71 ± 0.12

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |location=Weinheim, Germany |pages=195–210}}

| –12.85

| –12.78

| –12.57 ± 0.03

|22.80

|22.8

|22.75 ± 0.02

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

| –13.0 ± 1.0

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=137}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=135–145}}

| –8.3

| –8.3

| –8.31 ± 0.03

|

|

|–16.0 ± 0.2

|

|

|–34.6 ± 0.3

|

|

|18.5 ± 0.5

|

|–22.1 ± 0.9

|

|+

!Reaction

!NIST46

!Ball and Nordstrom, 1988{{Cite journal |last=Ball |first=J.W. |last2=Nordstrom |first2=D.K. |date=1998 |title=Critical evaluation and selection of standard state thermodynamic properties for chromium metal and its aqueous ions, hydrolysis species, oxides and hydroxides. |url=https://doi.org/10.1021/je980080a |journal=J. Chem. Eng. Data |volume=43 |pages=895–918}}

| –5.5

|

|

|–17 ± 0.02

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=220}}

!Rai et al., 1987{{Cite journal |last=Rai |first=D. |last2=Sass |first2=B.M. |last3=Moore |first3=D.A. |date=1987 |title=Chromium(III) hydrolysis constants and solubility of chromium(III) hydroxide |url=https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00250a002 |journal=Inorg. Chem. |volume=26 |pages=345–349}}

!Ball and Nordstrom, 1988

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=541–555}}

| –4.0

| –3.57 ± 0.08

|

| –3.60 ± 0.07

|–9.7

|–9.84

|

|–9.65 ± 0.20

|–18

|–16.19

|

|–16.25 ± 0.19

|–27.4

|–27.65 ± 0.12

|

|–27.56 ± 0.21

|–5.06

|–5.0

|

|–5.29 ± 0.16

|–8.15

|–10.75 ± 0.15

|

|–9.10 ± 0.14

|12

|

|9.35

|9.41 ± 0.17

|

|

|8.52

|

|

|

|

|7.83 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=216}}

!Ball and Nordstrom, 1998

| 6.51

| 6.55 ± 0.04

|–0.20

|

|

|6.31

|1.523

|

|

|14.7 ± 0.1

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=241}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=620–628}}

| –9.65

| −9.61 ± 0.17

|–18.8

|−19.77 ± 0.11

|–31.5

|−32.01 ± 0.33

|–46.3

|

|–11.2

|

|–30.53

|

|12.3

|13.24 ± 0.12

|

|13.71 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=628−632}}

| −1.07 ± 0.11

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=650–702}}

| –7.8 ± 0.4

|–18.6 ± 0.6

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Messmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=274}}

!NIST46

!Plyasunova et al., 1997{{Cite journal |last=Plyasunova |first=N.V. |last2=Wang |first2=M. |last3=Zhang |first3=Y. |last4=Muhammed |first4=M. |title=Critical evaluation of thermodynamics of complex formation of metal ions in aqueous solutions II. Hydrolysis and hydroxo-complexes of Cu²⁺ at 298.15 K |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-386X(96)00073-4 |journal=Hydrometalurgy |publication-date=1997 |volume=45 |pages=37–51}}

!Powell et al., 2007{{Cite journal |last=Powell |first=K.J. |last2=Brown |first2=P.L. |last3=Byrne |first3=R.H. |last4=Gajda |first4=T. |last5=Hefter |first5=G. |last6=Sjöberg |first6=S. |last7=Wanne |first7=H. |title=Chemical speciation of environmentally significant metals with inorganic ligands. Part 2: The Cu²⁺ + OH^–, Cl^–, CO₃^2–, SO₄^2–, and PO₄^3– systems. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200740221 |journal=Pure Appl. Chem. |volume=79 |pages=895–950 |via=2007}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

|< –8

|–7.7

|–7.97 ± 0.09

|–7.95 ± 0.16

| –7.64 ± 0.17

|(< –17.3)

|–17.3

|–16.23 ± 0.15

|–16.2 ± 0.2

|–16.24 ± 0.03

|(< –27.8)

|–27.8

|–26.63 ± 0.40

|–26.60 ± 0.09

|–26.65 ± 0.13

|–39.6

|–39.6

|–39.73 ± 0.17

|–39.74 ± 0.18

|–39.70 ± 0.19

|

|

|–6.71 ± 0.30

|–6.40 ± 0.12

|–6.41 ± 0.17

|–10.36

|–10.3

|–10.55 ± 0.17

|–10.43 ± 0.07

|–10.55 ± 0.02

|

|

|–20.95 ± 0.30

|–21.1 ± 0.2

|–21.2 ± 0.4

|7.62

|

|7.64 ± 0.06

|7.64 ± 0.06

|7.63 ± 0.05

|

|

|

|8.67 ± 0.05

|8.68 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=415−420}}

|−7.66 ± 0.07

|−15.9 ± 0.1

|−13.9 ± 0.4

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=247, 250−251 and 290−292}}

|−8.0

|−7.53 ± 0.14

|(–16.2)

|

|(–24.7)

|

|–33.5

|

|

|−13.76 ± 0.20

|

|−30.6 ± 0.3

|15.9

|16.26 ± 0.30

|−3.6

|

|−8.8

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=247, 250−251 and 295−297}}

|−7.9

|−7.46 ± 0.09

|(−15.9)

|

|(−24.2)

|

|−32.6

|

|−13.65

|−13.50 ± 0.20

|<−29.3

|−31.0 ± 0.3

|15.0

|15.79 ± 0.30

|−3.6

|

|~ −9.2

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!NIST46

!Hummel et al., 2002

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

| –7.8

|

|–7.64 ± 0.04

| –7.66 ± 0.05

|

|

|–15.1 ± 0.2

|

|

|

|–23.7 ± 0.1

|

|

|

|–36.2 ± 0.5

|

|

|

| -

|–14.1 ± 0.2

|

|

| -

| –32.0 ± 0.3

| 17.5

|

|17.6 ± 0.8 (am)

14.9 ± 0.3 (cr)

| 16.48 ± 0.30

|

|–24.5 ± 0.7 (am)

–26.5 (cr)

|

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=284–287}}

| –8.0

| –7.87 ± 0.05

| (–16.4)

|

| (–25.2)

|

| –34.4

|

|

|–14.16 ± 0.20

|

| –33.0 ± 0.3

| 15.6

| 17.20 ± 0.48

| –4.8

|

| –9.6

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=319}}

!Smith et al., 2003{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=R.M. |title=NIST Critically Selected Stability Constants of Metal Complexes Database, Version 7.0, NIST Standard Reference Database 46 |last2=Martell |first2=A.E. |last3=Motekaitis |first3=R.J. |publisher=National Institute of Standards, U.S. Dept. of Commerce |year=2003 |location=Gaithersburg, MD, USA}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |location=Weinheim, Germany |pages=797–812}}

| –2.6

| –2.897

| –2.74

| –5.9

| –6.694

| –7.0

| –10.3

|

| –11.96

| –16.6

| –16.588

| –15.52

|$\backslash approx$–37

| –37.0

|

| –39.06

| –39.1

| –40.51

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=349}}

!Wood and Samson, 2006{{Cite journal |last=Wood |first=S.A. |last2=Samson |first2=I.M. |date=2006 |title=The aqueous geochemistry of gallium, germanium, indium and scandium |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2003.06.002 |journal=Ore Geol. Rev. |volume=28 |via=57–102}}

!Filella and May, 2023{{Cite journal |last=Filella |first=M. |last2=May |first2=P.M. |date=2023 |title=The aqueous solution chemistry of germanium under conditions of environmental and biological interest: inorganic ligands |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2023.105631 |journal=Applied Geochemistry |volume=155 |pages=105631}}

| –9.31

| –9.32 ± 0.05

| –9.099

| –21.9

|

|

|

|

| 12.76

| –14.24

|

|

|

|

|28.33

|

| –1.35

| –1.373

| -4.37

|–5.02

|–4.999

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=279–285}}

| 1.51

| < 1.0

|–11.77

| –25.13

|< –41.1

| –5.51

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=158}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=460–463}}

| –0.25

| −0.26 ± 0.10

| (–2.4)

|

|(–6.0)

|

| –10.7*

|−3.75 ± 0.34*

|–17.2

|

|

| 0.55 ± 0.30

|

|6.00 ± 0.30

|–1.2*

|–5.56 ± 0.15*

|

|–3.11 ± 0.20

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=247, 250−251 and 293−295}}

|−8.0

|−7.43 ± 0.05

|

|−13.5 ± 0.2

|

|−30.9 ± 0.3

|15.4

|15.60 ± 0.30

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cation |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=327}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=812–817}}

| –4.00

| –3.927

| –3.96

| –7.82

|–7.794

|–9.16

|–12.4

|–12.391

|

| –22.07

|–22.088

|–22.05

|–36.92

|–36.9

|–36.92

|

|

| –35.24

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=736‒739}}

| ‒3.77 ± 0.10

|‒8.46 ± 0.20

|8.88 ± 0.20

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=235}}

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Hummel et al., 2002

!Lemire et al., 2013{{Cite book |last=Lemire |first=R.J. |title=Chemical Thermodynamics of Iron, Part 1 |last2=Berner |first2=U. |last3=Musikas |first3=C. |last4=Palmer |first4=D.A. |last5=Taylor |first5=P. |last6=Tochiyama |first6=O. |work= |publisher=OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) |year=2013 |series=Chemical Thermodynamics |volume=13a}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.I. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=573−585}}

| –9.3

| –9.5

|–9.5

|–9.1 ± 0.4

| −9.43 ± 0.10

|–20.5

|

|

|

|−20.52 ± 0.08

|–29.4

|

|

|

|−32.68 ± 0.15

|

|

|

|

|12.27 ± 0.88

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Lemire et al., 2013

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=585–620}}

| –2.19

|−2.15 ± 0.07

| –2.20 ± 0.02

|–5.67

|−4.8 ± 0.4

|–5.71 ± 0.10

|<–12

|<–14

|–12.42 ± 0.20

|–21.6

|−21.5 ± 0.5

|–21.60 ± 0.23

|–2.95

|–2.91 ± 0.07

|–2.91 ± 0.07

|–6.3

|

|−6.3 ± 0.1

2-line ferrihydrite

|2.5

|3.5

|3.50 ± 0.20

6-line ferrihydrite

|

|−38.97 ± 0.64

|

goethite

|0.5

|

|0.33 ± 0.10

goethite

|

|−41.83 ± 0.37

|

hematite

|

|

|0.36 ± 0.40

hematite

|

|−42.05 ± 0.26

|

maghemite

|

|

|1.61 ± 0.61

maghemite

|

|−40.59 ± 0.29

|

goethite

|

|

|1.85 ± 0.37

lepidocrocite

|

|−40.13 ± 0.37

|

magnetite

|

|

|−12.26 ± 0.26

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baer |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=137}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

| –8.5

| –8.89 ± 0.10

|≤ –17.5

|–17.57 ± 0.20

|≤ –38.3

|–37.8 ± 0.3

|–71.2

|

|20.3

|19.72 ± 0.34

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=365}}

!NIST46

!Powell et al, 2009{{Cite journal |last=Powell |first=K.J. |last2=Brown |first2=P.L. |last3=Byrne |first3=R.H. |last4=Gajda |first4=T. |last5=Hefter |first5=G. |last6=Leuz |first6=A.K. |last7=Sjöberg |first7=S. |last8=Wanner |first8=H. |date=2009 |title=Chemical speciation of environmentally significant metals with inorganic ligands. Part 3: The Pb²⁺ + OH^–, Cl^–, CO₃^2–, SO₄^2–, and PO₄^3– systems (IUPAC Technical Report) |journal=Pure Appl. Chem. |volume=81 |pages=2425–2476 |doi=10.1351/PAC-REP-09-03-05}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

!Cataldo et al., 2018{{Cite journal |last=Cataldo |first=S. |last2=Lando |first2=G. |last3=Milea |first3=D. |last4=Orecchio |first4=S. |last5=Pettignano |first5=A. |last6=Sammartano |first6=S. |date=2018 |title= A novel thermodynamic approach for the complexation study of toxic metal cations by a landfill leachate |journal=New J. Chem. |volume=42 |pages=7640–7648 |doi=10.1039/C7NJ04456A|hdl=10447/326779 |hdl-access=free }}

| –7.71

| –7.6

|–7.46 ± 0.06

| –7.49 ± 0.13

|–6.47± 0.03

|–17.12

|–17.1

|–16.94 ± 0.09

|–16.99 ± 0.06

|–16.12 ± 0.01

|–28.06

|–28.1

|–28.03± 0.06

|–27.94 ± 0.21

|–28.4 ± 0.1

|

|

|–40.8

|

|

|–6.36

|–6.4

|–7.28± 0.09

|–6.73 ± 0.31

|

|–23.88

|–23.9

|–23.01 ± 0.07

|–23.43 ± 0.10

|

|

|

|

|–31.11 ± 0.10

|

|–20.88

|–20.9

|–20.57± 0.06

|–20.71 ± 0.18

|

|–43.61

|–43.6

|–42.89± 0.07

|–43.27 ± 0.47

|

|

|

|12.62 (red)

12.90 (yellow)

|

|

|–15.28 (red)

| -15.3

|–15.3 (red)

–15.1 (yellow)

|–15.37 ± 0.04 (red)

–15.1 ± 0.08 (yellow)

|

|

|

|–14.9

|

|

|

|

|–4.4 (red)

–4.2 (yellow)

|

|

|

|

|–4.0

|

|

|

|

|–1.4 (red)

–1.2 (yellow)

|

|

|

|

|–1.0

|

|

|+

!Reaction

!Feitknecht and Schindler, 1963

| –64

|–4.5

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=86}}

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |location=Weinheim, Germany |pages=136–141}}

| –13.64

| –13.64

| –13.84 ± 0.14

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=89}}

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |location=Weinheim, Germany |pages=178–195}}

| –11.44

| –11.44

| –11.70 ± 0.04

|–39.71

|

|

|16.84

|16.84

|17.11 ± 0.04

|+

!Reaction

!Perrin et al., 1969{{Cite book |last=Perrin |first=D.D |title=Dissociation constants of inorganic acids and bases in aqueous solutions |publisher=International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Commission on Electroanalytical Chemistry. Butterworths |year=1969 |pages=181}}

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=226}}

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Hummel et al., 2002{{Cite book |last=Hummel |first=W. |title=TECHNICAL REPORT 02-16 |last2=Berner |first2=U. |last3=Curti |first3=E. |last4=Pearson |first4=F.J. |last5=Thoenen |first5=T. |publisher=Nagra/ PSI Chemical Thermodynamic Data Base 01/01. |year=2002}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=557−561}}

|–10.59

|–10.59

| –10.59

| –10.59

| −10.58 ± 0.04

|

|–22.2

|

|

|−22.18 ± 0.20

|

|–34.8

|

|

|−34.34 ± 0.45

|

|–48.3

|

|

|−48.28 ± 0.40

|

|–10.56

|

|

|

|

|–23.90

|

|

|

|15.2

|15.2

|15.2

|

|15.19 ± 0.10

|

|

|

|

|17.94 ± 0.12

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=568–570}}

| –11.70 ± 0.04

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cation |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=302}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=741–755}}

|−5.0^a

| −4.45 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=312}}

!Powell et all, 2005{{Cite journal |last=Powell |first=K.J. |last2=Brown |first2=P.L. |last3=Byrne |first3=R.H. |last4=Gajda |first4=T. |last5=Hefter |first5=G. |last6=Sjöberg |first6=S. |last7=Wanner |first7=H. |date=2005 |title=Chemical speciation of environmentally significant heavy metals with inorganic ligands. Part 1: the Hg²⁺– Cl⁻, OH⁻, CO₃²⁻, SO₄²⁻, and PO₄³⁻ aqueous systems (IUPAC technical report) |journal=Pure Appl. Chem. |volume=77 |pages=739–80 |doi=10.1515/iupac.77.0018}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

|−3.40

|–3.40 ± 0.08

| –3.40 ± 0.08

| -6.17

|–5.98 ± 0.06

|−5.96 ± 0.07

|–21.1

|–21.1 ± 0.3

|

|2.56

|2.37 ± 0.08

|2.37 ± 0.08

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=256}}

!Jolivet, 2000{{Cite book |last=Jolivet |first=J.-P. |title=Solution to Solid State |publisher=Wiley |year=2000 |chapter=Metal Oxide Chemistry and Synthesis}}

!NIST46

!Crea et al., 2017{{Cite journal |last=Crea |first=F. |last2=De Stefano |first2=C. |last3=Irto |first3=A. |last4=Milea |first4=D. |last5=Pettignano |first5=A. |last6=Sammartano |first6=S. |date=2017 |title=Modeling the acid-base properties of molybdate(VI) in different ionic media, ionic strengths and temperatures, by EDH, SIT and Pitzer equations |journal=Journal of Molecular Liquids |volume=229 |pages=15–26 |doi=10.1016/j.molliq.2016.12.041}}

|3.89^a

|

| 4.24

| 4.47 ± 0.02

|7.50^a

|

|

|8.12 ± 0.03

|

|

|4.0

|

|

|4.4

|

|

|

|3.5

|

|

|

|2.5

|

|

|57.74^a

|

|52.99^b

|51.93 ± 0.04

|62.14^a

|

|

|58.90 ± 0.02

|65.68^a

|

|

|64.63 ± 0.05

|68.21^a

|

|

|68.68 ± 0.06

|196.3^a

|

|196^a

|

|–12.06^a

|

|

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!NIST46

!Neck et al., 2009{{Cite journal |last=Neck |first=V. |last2=Altmaier |first2=M. |last3=Rabung |first3=T. |last4=Lützenkirchen |first4=J. |last5=Fanghänel |first5=T. |date=2009 |title=Thermodynamics of trivalent actinides and neodymium in NaCl, MgCl₂, and CaCl₂ solutions: Solubility, hydrolysis, and ternary Ca-M(III)-OH complexes |journal=Pure Appl. Chem. |volume=81 |pages=1555–1568 |doi=10.1351/PAC-CON-08-09-05}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

|–8.0

|–8.0

|–7.4 ± 0.4

|–8.13 ± 0.05

|(–16.9)

|

|–15.7 ± 0.7

|

|(–26.5)

|

|–26.2 ± 0.5

|

|(–37.1)

|–37.4

|–40.7 ± 0.7

|

|–13.86

|–13.9

|

|–15.56 ± 0.20

|< –28.5

|

|

|–34.2 ± 0.3

|18.6

|

|17.2 ± 0.4

|17.89 ± 0.09

|

|–23.2 ± 0.9

|–21.5 (act)

–23.1(inact)

|

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=380}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

| -7.3 ± 0.5

|–6.8 ± 0.3

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=183}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=380–384}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

|–1.49

|–1.5

|–1.31 ± 0.05

|0.5 ± 0.2

|

|

|–3.7 ± 0.3

|0.3 ± 0.3

|

|

|–10.0 ± 0.9

|–8 ± 1

|52

|54.9 ± 0.4

|57.5 ± 0.3

|56.7 ± 0.5

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brownº |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=384–394}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

|–8.85

|–10.7 ± 0.5

|–11.3 ± 0.7

|

|–22.8 ± 0.7

|–23.6 ± 0.5

|≤ –4.7

|–5.21 ± 0.05

|–5.3 ± 0.2

|

|–4.53 ± 0.06

|–4.7 ± 0.5

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer,

1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=183–184}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg,

2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=394–396}}

!Grenthe et

al, 2020

|–5.15

|–5.12

|–5.1 ± 0.2

|–5.1 ± 0.4

|

|

|–21 ± 1

|

|

|

|–32 ± 1

|

|–6.39

|–6.39

|–6.2 ± 0.2

|–6.2 ± 0.2

|–17.49

|–17.49

|–17.0 ± 0.2

|–17.1 ± 0.2

|≥-6.6

|

|–5.4 ± 0.4

|–5.4 ± 0.4

|+

!Reaction

!Feitknecht and Schindler, 1963{{Cite journal |last=Feitknecht |first=W. |last2=Schindler |first2=P. |date=1963 |title=Solubility constants of metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal hydroxide salts in aqueous solution |url=https://doi.org/10.1515/iupac.6.0001 |journal=Pure and Applied Chemistry |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=125–206 |doi=10.1351/pac196306020125}}

!Baes and Messmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Messmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=246}}

!NIST46

!Gamsjäger et al., 2005{{Cite book |last=Gamsjäger |first=H. |title=Chemical Thermodynamics of Nickel, Chemical Thermodynamics, Volume 6 |last2=Bugajski |first2=J. |last3=Gajda |first3=T. |last4=Lemire |first4=R.J. |last5=Prei |first5=W. |publisher=OECD |year=2005 |location=Paris}}

!Thoenen et al., 2014

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=632–649}}

|

|–9.86

|–9.9

|–9.54 ± 0.14

|–9.54 ± 0.14

|–9.90 ± 0.03

|

|–19

|–19

|

|< –18

|–21.15 ± 0.0

|

|–30

|–30

|–29.2 ± 1.7

|–29.2 ± 1.7

|

|

|< –44

|

|

|

|

|

|–10.7

|

|–10.6 ± 1.0

|–10.6 ± 1.0

|–10.6 ± 1.0

|

|–27.74

|–27.7

|–27.52 ± 0.15

|–27.52 ± 0.15

|–27.9 ± 0.6

|

|10.8

|

|

|11.02 ± 0.20

|10.96 ± 0.20

11.75 ± 0.13 (microcr)

|–17.2 (inactive)

|

|–17.2

|–16.97± 0.20 (β)

–17.2 ± 1.3 (cr)

|

|

|–4.2 (inactive)

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|12.38 ± 0.06

|

|12.48 ± 0.15

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Filella and May, 2020{{Cite journal |last=Filella |first=M. |last2=May |first2=P.M. |date=2020 |title=The aqueous solution thermodynamics of niobium under conditions of environmental and biological interest. |journal=Applied Geochemistry |volume=122 |doi=10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104729|doi-access=free }}

| ~ –0.6

| 1.603

|~ –4.8

|–4.951

|

|14.95

|

|13.23

|

|11.73

|~ –7.4

|

|

|–7.510

|

|–18.31

|+

!Reaction

!Galbács et al., 1983{{Cite journal |last=Galbács |first=Z.M. |last2=Zsednai |first2=Á. |last3=Csányi |first3=L.J. |date=1983 |title=The acidic behaviour of osmium(VIII) and osmium(VI |journal=Transition Met. Chem. |volume=8 |pages=328–332 |doi=10.1007/BF00618563}}

| 10.4

|8.5

|+

!Reaction

!Galbács et al., 1983

| 12.2^a

|14.4^b

|+

!Reaction

!Perrin et al., 1969{{Cite book |last=Perrin |first=D.D. |title=Dissociation constants of inorganic acids and bases in aqueous solutions |publisher=International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Commission on Electroanalytical Chemistry. Butterworths |year=1969 |pages=186}}

!Hummel et al., 2002

!Kitamura and Yul, 2010{{Cite journal |last=Kitamura |first=A. |last2=Yui |first2=M. |date=2010 |title=Reevaluation of thermodynamic data for hydroxide and hydrolysis species of palladium(II) using the Brønsted-Guggenheim Scatchard model |journal=J. Nuclear Sci. Technol. |volume=47 |pages=760−770 |doi=10.1080/18811248.2010.9711652|doi-access=free }}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=723−725}}

|−0.96

|

| −0.65 ± 0.64

|−1.16 ± 0.30

|−2.6

|−4 ± 1

|−3.11 ± 0.63

|−3.07 ± 0.16

|

|−15.5 ± 1

|−14.20 ± 0.63

|

|

|−3.3 ± 1

|

|−3.4 ± 0.2

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=186–187}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=396–397}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

|

|–7.0

|–6.9 ± 0.2

|–6.9 ± 0.3

|–19.65

|

|–15.8 ± 0.8

|–15 ± 1

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=187–189}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=397–401}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

|–0.5

|–0.5

|–0.7 ± 0.1

|0.6 ± 0.2

|(–2.3)

|

|

|0.6 ± 0.3

|(–5.3)

|

|

|–2.3 ± 0.4

|–9.5

|

|–12.5 ± 0.7

|–8.5 ± 0.5

|49.5

|

|47.9 ± 0.4 (0w)

53.8 ± 0.5 (1w)

|58.3 ± 0.5

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=189–190}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=401–403}}

!Grenthe et al, 2020

|–1.49

|–1.5

|–1.31 ± 0.05

|0.5 ± 0.2

|

|

|–3.7 ± 0.3

|0.3 ± 0.3

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer,

1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=190–191}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg,

2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=403–405}}

!Grenthe et

al, 2020

|–5.6

|–5.6

|–5.36 ± 0.09

|–5.5 ± 0.5

|

|

|–12.9 ± 0.2

|–13 ± 1

|

|

|

|–24 ± 1

|–8.36

|–8.36

|–7.8 ± 0.5

|–7 ± 1

|–21.65

|–21.65

|

|

|

|

|

|22.8 ± 0.6

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=148–150}}

|–14.46

| –14.46

|–14.5 ± 0.4

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

|–8.1

|

|–8.30 ± 0.03

|

|

|–16.31 ± 0.20

|

|

|–35.0 ± 0.3

|19.5

|

|18.57 ± 0.20

|

|–22.3 ± 1.0

|

|+

!Reaction

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

| –13.49

|+

!Reaction

!Perrin et al., 1969{{Cite book |last=Perrin |first=D.D. |title=Dissociation constants of inorganic acids and bases in aqueous solutions |publisher=International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Commission on Electroanalytical Chemistry. Butterworths |year=1969 |pages=191}}

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=263}}

!Brown and Ekberg{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=722}}

| ‒3.43

|‒3.4

|‒3.09 ± 0.1

|

|‒3.9

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg

|–7.9

| –7.9

|–7.84 ± 0.11

|

|

|–14.75 ± 0.20

|

|

|–33.9 ± 0.3

|16.5

|

|17.19 ± 0.30

|

|–23.9 ± 0.9 (am)

–25.9 (cr)

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=128}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=225–236}}

| –4.3

|–4.16 ± 0.05

|–9.7

|–9.71 ± 0.30

|–16.1

|–16.08 ± 0.30

|–26

|–26.7 ± 0.3

|–6.0

|–6.02 ± 0.10

|–16.34

|–16.33 ± 0.10

|

|9.17 ± 0.30

|

|5.53 ± 0.30

|9.4

|

|

|–3.5 ± 0.2

|+

!Reaction

!Olin et al., 2015{{Cite book |last=Olin |first=Å |title=Chemical Thermodynamics of Selenium |last2=Noläng |first2=B. |last3=Öhman |first3=L.-O. |last4=Osadchii |first4=E |last5=Rosén |first5=E. |publisher=OECD Pub. |year=2005}}

!Thoenen et al., 2014

| –1.10 ± 0.01

|–1.10 ± 0.01

|–3.85 ± 0.05

|–3.85 ± 0.05

|–14.91 ± 0.20

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=386}}

!Olin et al., 2005

!Thoenen et al., 2014

| 8.50

|8.36 ± 0.23

|8.36 ± 0.23

|2.75

|2.64 ± 0.14

|2.64 ± 0.14

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=387}}

!Olin et al., 2005

!Thoenen et al., 2014

| 1.360

|1.75 ± 0.10

|1.75 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=342}}

!Thoenen et al., 2014{{Cite book |last=Thoenen |first=T. |title=The PSI/Nagra Chemical Thermodynamic Database 12/07 |last2=Hummel |first2=W. |last3=Berner |first3=U. |last4=Curti |first4=E. |publisher=Paul Scherrer Institut |year=2014 |location=Villigen PSI, Switzerland |pages=205–212}}

| –9.86

|–9.81 ± 0.02

|–22.92

|–23.14 ± 0.09

|–13.44

|

|–35.80

|–36.3 ± 0.2

|–4.0

|–3.739 ± 0.087

|

|–2.714

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=278}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=725−730}}

|−12.0

|−11.75 ± 0.14

|−24.0

|−24.34 ± 0.14

|6.29

|6.27 ± 0.05

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |location=Weinheim, Germany |pages=142–147}}

| –14.18

| –14.18

| –14.4 ± 0.2

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Nordstrom et al., 1990

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |location=Weinheim, Germany |pages=210–213}}

| –13.29

| –13.29

| –13.15 ± 0.05

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=252}}

!Filella and May, 2019^a{{Cite journal |last=Filella |first=M. |last2=May |first2=P.M. |date=2019 |title=The aqueous solution thermodynamics of tantalum under conditions of environmental and biological interest |journal=Applied Geochemistry |volume=109 |pages=104402 |doi=10.1016/j.apgeochem.2019.104402}}

| ~1

| 0.7007

|~ –9.6

|

|

|16.35

|

|14.00

|~ –5.2

|

|

|–5.295

|

|–20.00

|+

!Reaction

!Filella and May, 2019^a{{Cite journal |last=Filella |first=M. |last2=May |first2=P.M. |date=2019 |title=The aqueous chemistry of tellurium: critically-selected equilibrium constants for the low-molecular-weight inorganic species |journal=Environ. Chem. |volume=16 |pages=289–295 |doi=10.1071/EN19017}}

| 11.81

|2.476

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=395}}

!Filella and May, 2019^a

|

| 9.928

|

|6.445

|‒2.68

|

|‒12.5

|

|3.13

|2.415

|

|‒4.709

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Filella and May, 2019^a

|

| 10.83

|7.68

|7.696

|18.68

|

|34.3

|

|

|‒6.929

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brwon |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=247, 250−251 and 287−290}}

|−7.9

|−7.60 ± 0.09

|

|−13.9 ± 0.2

|

|−31.7 ± 0.3

|16.5

|16.33 ± 0.30

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=335}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=817–826}}

|–13.21

|

|

|0.64 ± 0.05

|

|–0.7 ± 0.7

|

|13.55 ± 0.20

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

|–0.62

| –0.22 ± 0.19

|–1.57

|

|–3.3

|

|–15.0

|

|–3.90

|–3.90 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer,

1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=168}}

!Rand et

al., 2008{{Cite book |last=Rand |first=M. |url=https://www.oecd-nea.org/science/pubs/2007/6254-chemical-thermodynamics-vol.11.pdf |title=Chemical Thermodynamics of Thorium |last2=Fuger |first2=J. |last3=Grenthe |first3=I. |last4=Neck |first4=V. |last5=Rai |first5=D. |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2008}}

!Thoenen et

al, 014{{Cite book |last=Thoenen |first=T. |title=The PSI/Nagra Chemical Thermodynamic Database 12/07 |last2=Hummel |first2=W. |last3=Berner |first3=U. |last4=Curti |first4=E. |publisher=Paul Scherrer Institut PSI |year=2014 |location=Villigen |pages=259–263}}

!Brown and Ekberg,

2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=462–498}}

|–3.20

|–2.5 ± 0.5

|–2.5 ± 0.5

| –2.5 ± 0.5

|–6.93

|–6.2 ± 0.5

|–6.2 ± 0.5

|–6.2 ± 0.5

|< –11.7

|

|

|

|–15.9

|–17.4 ± 0.7

|–17.4 ± 0.7

|–17.4 ± 0.7

|–6.14

|–5.9 ± 0.5

|–5.9 ± 0.5

|–5.9 ± 0.5

|

|–6.8 ± 0.2

|–6.8 ± 0.2

|–6.8 ± 0.2

|–21.1

|–20.4 ± 0.4

|–20.4 ± 0.4

|–20.4 ± 0.4

|

|–26.6 ± 0.2

|–26.6 ± 0.2

|–26.6 ± 0.2

|–36.76

|–36.8 ± 1.5

|–36.8 ± 1.5

|–36.8 ± 1.5

|

|–36.8 ± 1.2

|–36.8 ± 1.2

|–36.8 ± 1.2

|6.3

|

|

|

|

|

|

|8.8 ± 1.0

|

|

|9.3 ± 0.9

|

|

|

|8.5 ± 0.9

|

|

|46.7 ± 0.9

|

|

|

|47.5 ± 0.9

|

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=247, 250−251 and 297−300}}

|−7.7

| −7.34 ± 0.09

|

|−13.2 ± 0.2

|

|−30.5 ± 0.3

|15.0

|15.56 ± 0.40

|+

!Reaction

!Feitknecht, 1963

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=357}}

!Hummel et al., 2002

!NIST46

!Cigala et al, 2012{{Cite journal |last=Cigala |first=R.M. |last2=Crea |first2=F. |last3=De Stefan |first3=C. |last4=Lando |first4=G. |last5=Milea |first5=D. |last6=Sammartano |first6=S. |date=2012 |title=The inorganic speciation of tin(II) in aqueous solution |journal=Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta |volume=87 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.029}}

!Gamsjäger et al, 2012{{Cite book |last=Gamsjäger |first=H. |title=Chemical Thermodynamics of Tin. Chemical Thermodynamics Volume 12 |last2=Gajda |first2=T. |last3=Sangster |first3=J. |last4=Saxena |first4=S.K. |last5=Voigt |first5=W. |publisher=OECD |year=2012 |location=Paris}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=836–842}}

|

| –3.40

|–3.8 ± 0.2

|–3.4

|–3.52 ± 0.05

|–3.53 ± 0.40

| –3.53 ± 0.40

|

|–7.06

|–7.7 ± 0.2

|–7.1

|–6.26 ± 0.06

|–7.68 ± 0.40

|–7.68 ± 0.40

|

|–16.61

|–17.5 ± 0.2

|–16.6

|–16.97 ± 0.17

|–17.00 ± 0.60

|–17.56 ± 0.40

|

|–4.77

|

|–4.8

|–4.79 ± 0.05

|

|

|

|–6.88

|–5.6 ± 1.6

|–6.88

|–5.88 ± 0.05

|–5.60 ± 0.47

|−5.60 ± 0.47

|

|

|

|–25.8

|–26.28 ± 0.08

|

|

|

|1.76

|2.5± 0.5

|

|

|

|1.60 ± 0.15

|–26.2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|–5.3

|

|

|

|

|

|

|–0.9

|

|

|

|

|

|

|+

!Reaction

!Hummel et al., 2002

!Gamsjäger et al, 2012

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

|

|

| 7.53 ± 0.12

|

|

|–1.07 ± 0.42

|

|

|–1.07 ± 0.42

|–8.0 ± 0.3

|–8.60 ± 0.40

|

|–18.4 ± 0.3

|–18.67 ± 0.30

|

|–8.0 ± 0.2

|–8.06 ± 0.11

|

|–7.3 ± 0.3

|–7.22 ± 0.08

|

|

|

|–15.59 ± 0.04

|+

!Reaction

!NIST46

| 3.6

|5.8

|63.83

|+

!Reaction

!Perrin et al., 1969{{Cite book |last=Perrin |first=D.D. |title=Dissociation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution |publisher=International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Commission on Electroanalytical Chemistry. Butterworths |year=1969 |pages=208}}

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=151}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=433–442}}

| –1.29

| –2.2

| –1.65 ± 0.11

|

|–3.6

|–2.64 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

| ⩽–2.3

|

|–4.8

|

|

|–2.48 ± 0.10

|

|–5.49 ± 0.14

|

|–17.4 ± 0.5

|

|–11.9 ±0.5

|~ –4.8

|

|

|–6.06 ± 0.30

|

|–9.02 ± 0.02

|

|

|

|–3.56 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer,

1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=181}}

!Thoenen et

al., 2014{{Cite book |last=Thoenen |first=T. |url=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/les/DatabaseEN/PSI-Bericht%252014-04_final_druckerei.pdf |title=The PSI/Nagra Chemical Thermodynamic Database 12/07 |last2=Hummel |first2=W. |last3=Berner |first3=U. |last4=Curti |first4=E. |publisher=Paul Scherrer Institut PSI |year=2014 |location=Villigen}}

!Brown and Ekberg,

2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |publication-date=336–349}}

!Grenthe et al.,

2020{{Cite book |last=Grenthe |first=I. |url=https://www.oecd-nea.org/upload/docs/application/pdf/2020-10/7500_second_update_of_u_np_pu_am_and_tc_web.pdf |title=Second Update on the Chemical Thermodynamics of Uranium, Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium and Technetium |last2=Gaona |first2=X. |last3=Plyasunov |first3=A.V. |last4=Rao |first4=L. |last5=Runde |first5=W.H. |last6=Grambow |first6=B. |last7=Konings |first7=R.J.M. |last8=Smith |first8=A.L. |last9=Moore |first9=E.E. |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2020 |location=Paris}}

|–0.65

|– 0.54 ± 0.06

| –0.58 ± 0.08

|– 0.54 ± 0.06

|(–2.6)

|–1.1 ± 1.0

|–1.4 ± 0.2

|–1.9 ± 0.2

|(–5.8)

|–4.7 ± 1.0

|–5.1 ± 0.3

|–5.2 ± 0.4

|(–10.3)

|–10.0 ± 1.4

|–10.4 ± 0.5

|–10.0 ± 1.4

|–16.0

|

|

|

|

|1.5 ± 1.0

|

|

|

|

|–54.500 ± 1.000

|–54.500 ± 1.000

|–1.8

|

|

|

|

|

|

|–60.860 ± 1.000

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer,

1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cation |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=182}}

!Grenthe et

al., 1992{{Cite book |last=Grenthe |first=I. |url=https://www.oecd-nea.org/upload/docs/application/pdf/2019-12/uranium.pdf |title=Chemical Thermodynamics of Uranium, Chemical Vol 1, |last2=Fuger |first2=J. |last3=Konings |first3=R.J.M. |last4=Lemire |first4=R.J. |last5=Muller |first5=A.B. |last6=Nguyen-Trung |first6=C. |last7=Wanner |first7=H. |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=1992 |location=Paris}}

!NIST46

!Brown and Ekberg,

2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |publication-date= |pages=350–379}}

!Grenthe et al.,

2020

|–5.8

|–5.2 ± 0.3

|–5.9 ± 0.1

| –5.13 ± 0.04

|–5.2₅ ± 0.2₄

|

|≤-10.3

|

|–12.1₅ ± 0.2₀

|–12.15 ± 0.07

|

|–19.2 ± 0.4

|

|–20.2₅ ± 0.4₂

|–20.2₅ ± 0.4₂

|

|–33 ± 2

|

|–32.4₀ ± 0.6₈

|–32.4₀ ± 0.6₈

|–5.62

|–5.62 ± 0.04

|–5.58 ± 0.04

|–5.68 ± 0.05

|–5.62 ± 0.08

|–15.63

|–15.5₅ ± 0.1₂

|–15.6

|–15.7₅ ± 0.1₂

|–15.5₅ ± 0.1₂

|(–11.75)

|–11.9 ± 0.3

|

|–11.78 ± 0.05

|–11.9 ± 0.3

|

|–31 ± 2.0

|

|–32.2 ± 0.8

|–32.2 ± 0.8

|

|–21.9 ± 1.0

|

|–22.1 ± 0.2

|–21.9 ± 1.0

|

|–2.7 ± 1.0

|

|

|–2.7 ± 1.0

|5.6

|

|6.0

|4.81 ± 0.20

|

|

|

|

|

|5.350 ± 0.130

|+

!Reaction

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

| –5.30 ± 0.13

|–6.71 ± 0.10

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=209}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=517–541}}

| –3.3

|

|–7.3

|–7.18 ± 0.12

|–10.7

|

|–8.55

|

|–6.53

|

|–14.26

|

|0.56

|

|31.81

|

|–3.6

|

|–6.15

|

|

|–3.25 ± 0.1

|

|–15.74 ± 0.19

|

|–30.03 ± 0.24

|

|–11.66 ± 0.53

|

|–20.91 ± 0.22

|

|–32.43 ± 0.30

|

|–20.78 ± 0.33

|

|–31.85 ± 0.26

|

|–45.85 ± 0.26

|

|–27.02 ± 0.34

|

|–10.5 ± 0.3

|

|–15.73 ± 0.33

|

|–23.90 ± 0.35

|–0.66

|

|

|–0.64 ± 0.09

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=247, 250−251 and 300−303}}

|−7.7

| −7.31 ± 0.18

|(−15.8)

|

|(−24.1)

|

|−32.7

|

|

|−13.76 ± 0.20

|

|−30.6 ± 0.3

|14.7

|15.35 ± 0.20

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016

|–7.7

| –7.77 ± 0.06

|(–16.4) [Estimation]

|

|(–26.0) [Estimation]

|

|–36.5

|

|–14.23

|–14.1 ± 0.2

|–31.6

|–32.7 ± 0.3

|17.5

|17.32 ± 0.30

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976{{Cite book |last=Baes |first=C.F. |title=The Hydrolysis of Cations |last2=Mesmer |first2=R.E. |publisher=Wiley |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=293}}

!Powell and Brown, 2013{{Cite journal |last=Powell |first=K.J. |last2=Brown |first2=P.L. |last3=Byrne |first3=R.H. |last4=Gajda |first4=T. |last5=Hefter |first5=G. |last6=Leuz |first6=A.-K. |last7=Sjöberg |first7=S. |last8=Wanner |first8=H. |date=2013 |title=Chemical speciation of environmentally significant metals with inorganic ligands. Part 5: The Zn²⁺ + OH^–, Cl^–, CO₃^2–, SO₄^2–, and PO₄^3– systems (IUPAC Technical Report)* |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-13-06-03 |journal=Pure and Applied Chemistry |volume=85 |pages=2249–2311}}

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=676−700}}

| −8.96

|−8.96 ± 0.05

|−8.94 ± 0.06

|−16.9

|–17.82 ± 0.08

|−17.89 ± 0.15

|−28.4

|–28.05 ± 0.05

|−27.98 ± 0.10

|−41.2

|–40.41 ± 0.12

|−40.35 ± 0.22

|−9.0

|–7.9 ± 0.2

|−7.89 ± 0.31

|−57.8

|

|

|11.14

|11.12 ± 0.05

|11.11 ± 0.10

|

|11.38 ± 0.20

|11.38± 0.20

|

|11.72 ± 0.04

|

|

|11.76 ± 0.04

|

|

|11.70 ± 0.04

|

|

|11.81 ± 0.04

|

|+

!Reaction

!Baes and Mesmer, 1976

!Thoenen et al., 2014

!Brown and Ekberg, 2016{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=P.L. |title=Hydrolysis of Metal Ions |last2=Ekberg |first2=C. |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |pages=442–460}}

| 0.32

|0.32 ± 0.22

|0.12 ± 0.12

|(−1.7)*

|0.98 ± 1.06*

|−0.18 ± 0.17*

|(−5.1)

|

|

|–9.7*

|–2.19 ± 0.70*

|−4.53 ± 0.37*

|–16.0

|

|

|

|–29± 0.70

|–30.5 ± 0.3

|–0.6

|0.4 ± 0.3

|0.90 ± 0.18

|3.70

|

|

|

|12.19 ± 0.20

|12.19 ± 0.20

|6.0

|6.52 ± 0.05

|6.52 ± 0.05

|

|12.58± 0.24

|

|

|8.39± 0.80

|

|–1.9*

|

|–5.37 ± 0.42*

|

|–7 ± 1.6

|

|

|–3.24± 0.10

|–2.97 ± 0.18