Hypomasculinity
{{Short description|The absence of stereotypical male traits}}
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Hypomasculinity is a psychological term for the absence of male stereotypical traits. For example, it is the absence of the de-emphasising of feelings and relationships. Oftentimes, individuals who exhibit hypomasculine traits display unmasculine professional or physical characteristics that deviate from the norm.{{Cite journal|last=Palmer|first=Jamie L.|date=2018-10-01|title=Ineffective Masculinity: Intersection of Masculinity and Nationhood in Portraits of Cuban Men from Time and Newsweek 1959–2010|journal=Men and Masculinities|language=en|volume=21|issue=4|pages=455–478|doi=10.1177/1097184X17696184|s2cid=149424644 |issn=1097-184X}}
A Jungian interpretation of this would be of an overwhelmingly strong anima or female complex.{{Cite journal|last=Relke|first=Joan|date=2007-05-30|title=The Archetypal Female in Mythology and Religion: The Anima and the Mother of the Earth and Sky|journal=Europe's Journal of Psychology|language=en|volume=3|issue=2|doi=10.5964/ejop.v3i2.401|issn=1841-0413|doi-access=free}} This term can be pejorative and it is important not to place a moral interpretation on whether it is desirable, only by whether it is adaptive or maladaptive. Its opposite behavior is termed hypermasculinity.
Anorexia nervosa
Hypomasculinity is commonly attained by male anorexics.{{cite journal|title=Gender conflict, object representation, and body image in male anorexia: An investigation of eight subjects|year=2002|journal=Smith College Studies in Social Work|volume=72|issue=3|page=359|doi=10.1080/00377310209517665|author=Bassett, J. D.|s2cid=145605275 }} The hypomasculinity includes a demasculinized physique and actual reduction or cessation of sexual functioning as a result of deliberate malnutrition.
See also
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