IBM 3090#Vector facility

{{Short description|Series of high-end 1980s IBM mainframe computers}}

{{Infobox information appliance

| name = IBM 3090

| title =

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| logo = File:IBM logo.svg

| caption = IBM 3090

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| manufacturer = International Business Machines Corporation (IBM)

| family = Models 120E, 150, 150E, 180, 180E, 200, 200E, 300, 300E, 400, 400E, 600E, 600J, 600S

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| predecessor = IBM 308X

| successor = IBM ES/9000

| related =

| website = {{Official website|https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html}} IBM Archives

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{{IBM mainframes}}

The IBM 3090 family is a family of mainframe computers that was a high-end successor to the IBM System/370 series, and thus indirectly the successor to the IBM System/360 launched 25 years earlier.{{cite web|url=https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html|title=IBM Archives: 3090 Processor Complex|date=23 January 2003|website=www.ibm.com}}{{cite journal|last1=Tucker|first1=S. G.|title=The IBM 3090 system: An overview|journal=IBM Systems Journal|volume=25|issue=1|year=1986|pages=4–19|issn=0018-8670|doi=10.1147/sj.251.0004}}

Announced on 12 February 1985, the press releases did not explicitly mention that the two models, Model 200 and Model 400, were backwardly compatible with the 370; instead, they were simply positioned as replacements for the IBM 3033. The IBM 3090/200 version was rated at 18 MIPS and 31,000 UNIX Dhrystones.Chen, Allan, "The 486 CPU: ON A High-Performance Flight Vector", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, November/December 1990, page 2 This was true of the entire line, which expanded with the release of the Model 120E,{{cite web|url=http://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/rep_ca/0/897/ENUS187-110/index.html|title=IBM 3090 PROCESSOR UNIT MODEL 120E, IBM 3092 PROCESSOR CONTROLLER MODEL 3|date=19 May 1987|website=www.ibm.com}} 150, 150E, 180, 180E, 200, 200E, 300, 300E, 400, 400E, 600E, 600J, and 600S{{cite web|url=http://chiclassiccomp.org/docs/content/computing/IBM/Mainframe/Hardware/System/GG66-3090-01_3090ProcComplexPlanningInstallationRef_Nov87.pdf|title=IBM 3090 Processor Complex: Planning and Installation Reference (GG66-3090-1)}} 3090 were described as using "ideas from the ... IBM 3033, extending them ... It also took ... from the ... IBM 308X."{{Cite web | url=http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/ccd/mainframes/p001.htm | title=Mainframes IBM 3090 }}

The 400 and 600 were respectively two 200s or 300s coupled together as one system and could run in either single-system image mode or partitioned into two systems.

Models and features

class="wikitable sortable" border="1"

!data-sort-type="text"| Model

!data-sort-type="number"| Announced

!data-sort-type="text"| N-way/processor(s)

200

| data-sort-value="1985"|February 12, 1985{{cite web

| title = IBM 3090 PROCESSOR COMPLEX - 3090 PROCESSOR UNIT MODELS 200 AND 400 - 3092 PROCESSOR CONTROLLER MODELS 1 AND 2 - 3097 POWER AND COOLANT DISTRIBUTION UNIT MODEL 1 - 3089 POWER UNIT MODEL 3

| id = 185-014

| date = February 12, 1985

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/4/897/ENUS185-014/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="2 central processors"|2 central processors

400

| data-sort-value="1985"|February 12, 1985

| data-sort-value="4-way (two 200s)"|4-way (two 200s)

120E

| data-sort-value="1987"|May 19, 1987{{cite web

| title = IBM 3090 PROCESSOR UNIT MODEL 120E, IBM 3092 PROCESSOR CONTROLLER MODEL 3

| id = 189-176

| date = May 19, 1987

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/6/897/ENUS189-176/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="Uniprocessor"|Uniprocessor

150

| data-sort-value="1986"|February 11, 1986{{cite web

| title = IBM 3090 PROCESSOR COMPLEX MODELS 150 AND 180

| id = 186-028

| date = February 11, 1986

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/8/897/ENUS186-028/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="Uniprocessor"|Uniprocessor

150E

| data-sort-value="1987"|January 26, 1987{{cite web

| title = IBM 3090 PROCESSOR COMPLEX MODELS 150E AND 180E

| id = 187-002

| date = January 26, 1987

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/2/897/ENUS187-002/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="Uniprocessor"|Uniprocessor

180

| data-sort-value="1986"|February 11, 1986

| data-sort-value="Uniprocessor"|Uniprocessor

180E

| data-sort-value="1987"|January 26, 1987

| data-sort-value="Uniprocessor"|Uniprocessor

200E

| data-sort-value="1987"|January 26, 1987{{cite web

| title = IBM 3090 PROCESSOR COMPLEX MODELS 200E AND 400E

| id = 187-003

| date = January 26, 1987

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/3/897/ENUS187-003/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="2 central processors"|2 central processors

280E

| data-sort-value="1987"|January 26, 1987{{cite web

| title = Enterprise System/3090 Processor Complex Model 280E

| id = 188-038

| date = January 26, 1987

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/8/897/ENUS188-038/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="2 central processors"|2 central processors

300

| data-sort-value="1987"|1987

| data-sort-value="3-way" (triadic)|3-way (triadic)

300E

| data-sort-value="1987"|January 26, 1987{{cite web

| title = Enterprise System/3090 Processor Complex Model 300E

| id = 187-004

| date = January 26, 1987

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/4/897/ENUS187-004/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="3-way" (triadic)|3-way (triadic)

400E

| data-sort-value="1987"|January 26, 1987

| data-sort-value="4-way (two 200s)"|4-way (two 200Es)

600E

| data-sort-value="1987"|1987

| data-sort-value="6-way (two 300s)"|6-way (two 300s)

280E

| data-sort-value="1988"|February 15, 1988

| data-sort-value="2-way (dyadic)"|2-way (dyadic)

500E

| data-sort-value="1988"|February 15, 1988

| data-sort-value="5-way (200E+300E)"|5-way (200E+300E)

600S

| data-sort-value="1988"|1988

| data-sort-value="6-way (two 300s)"|6-way (two 300s)

600J

| data-sort-value="1989"|1989{{cite web

| title = ENTERPRISE SYSTEM/3090 J AND JH MODELS AND ASSOCIATED UPGRADES

| id = 189-176

| date = October 24, 1989

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/6/897/ENUS189-176/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

| data-sort-value="6-way (two 300s)"|6-way (two 300s)

=Cooling=

By the late 1970s and early 1980s, patented technology allowed Amdahl mainframes of this era to be completely air-cooled, unlike IBM systems that required chilled water and its supporting infrastructure.Giants of Computing: A Compendium of Select, Pivotal Pioneers, by Gerard O’Regan (2013), {{ISBN|1447153405}}. "IBM's machines were water-cooled, while Amdahl's were air-cooled"

The eight largest of the 18 models of the ES/9000 systems introduced in 1990 were water-cooled; the other ten were air-cooled.{{Cite web | url=http://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_FS9000.html | title=IBM Archives: ES/9000 Characteristics | website=IBM | date=23 January 2003 }}

=Enterprise Systems Architecture/370=

{{Main|IBM System/390#ESA/390 architecture}}

On February 15, 1988, IBM announced{{cite web

| title = ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE/370 (TM) AND MVS/SYSTEM PRODUCT

| id = 288-059

| date = February 15, 1988

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/9/897/ENUS288-059/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

Enterprise Systems Architecture/370 for 3090 enhanced ("E") models and for 4381 model groups 91E and 92E. In additional to the primary and secondary addressing modes that System/370 Extended Architecture (S/370-XA) supports, ESA has an AR mode in which each use of general register 1-15 as a base register uses an associated access register to select an address space. In addition to the normal address spaces that S/370-XA supports, ESA also allows data spaces, which contain no executable code.

=Processor Resource/Systems Manager (PR/SM)=

{{Main|PR/SM}}

On February 15, 1988, IBM announced{{cite web

| title = IBM 3090 PROCESSOR RESOURCE/SYSTEMS MANAGER (PR/SM) FEATURE

| id = 188-039

| date = February 15, 1988

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/9/897/ENUS188-039/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

Processor Resource/Systems Manager (PR/SM) for 3090 enhanced ("E") models This feature allows the operator to define and assign resource to a virtual machine known as a logical partition (LPAR). Initially there was a 4-LPAR limit for uniprocessors and an 8-LPAR limit for multiprocessors, but newer machines support more.

=Remote service capabilities=

A modem for "remote service capabilities" was standard; IBM recommended their IBM 3864 model 2.https://www.pinterest.com/pin/24418022954032714 - identified 2017 as a "vintage" modemhttp://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/IBM-ProdAnn/3863.pdf "IBM 3864 is a 4800 bps synchronous modem. They are offered in two models: .. in point-to-point or multipoint mode{{Cite web|title=Mainframes IBM 3090|url=http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/ccd/mainframes/p010.htm|access-date=2021-10-13|website=www.chilton-computing.org.uk}}

=Vector facility=

On October 1, 1985, IBM announced{{cite web

| title = VECTOR FACILITY (VF) FOR IBM 3090 PROCESSOR UNITS

| id = 185-121

| date = October 1, 1985

| url = https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=/common/ssi/rep_ca/1/897/ENUS185-121/index.html

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM

}}

an optional vector facility{{cite manual

| title = IBM System/370 Vector Operations

| id = SA22-7125-2

| date = August 1986

| edition = Third

| url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/vectorFacility/SA22-7125-2_Vector_Operations_Aug87.pdf

| access-date = Sep 20, 2018

| publisher = IBM Corporation

}}

for the IBM 3090; such a facility had not been previously available in the System/370 architecture, thus bringing integrated supercomputer capabilities to the mainframe line. IBM entered into partnerships with several universities to promote the use of the 3090 in scientific applications, and efforts were made to convert code traditionally run on Cray computers.{{cite encyclopedia|editor-last1=Kent |editor-first1=Allen| editor-last2=Williams |editor-first2=James G.| title=Supercomputing in Education and Research|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology |date=1994 |publisher=CRC Press |volume=30| page=319|isbn=9780824722838|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fYFiZ7QeEcC&pg=PA319|quote=In October 1985, IBM introduced a vector feature to its high-end processor family, the IBM 3090.}} Along with the vector unit, IBM introduced their Engineering and Scientific Subroutines Library and a facility to run programs written for the discontinued 3838 array processor.{{cite magazine| magazine=Computerworld|date=1985-10-07 |title=Vector processor takes aim at mid-range mart|last=Connolly |first=James |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w3IudMVoEusC |access-date=2016-03-31}}

Photos

[[File:Access_road_to_IBM_Hursley_off_A3090_-_geograph.org.uk_-_959399.jpg|thumb|UK's A3090 (highway) leads to an access road for

IBM's Hursley laboratory.]]

  • [https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/images/2423PH3090.jpg IBM photo of 3090, facing operator console]
  • [http://ukcc.uky.edu/ukccinfo/ibm3090.gif View of IBM 3090 600J system "box"]

See also

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book |last1=Prasad |first1=N.S. |title=IBM Mainframes: Architecture and Design |date=1989 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=0070506868 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ibmmainframesarc00pras }} {{mdash}} Chapter 10 (pp. 255{{ndash}}268) describes the 3090.