IBM 402
{{short description|Tabulating machine introduced in 1949}}
{{Infobox information appliance
| name = IBM 407
| logo = IBM Logo 1947 1956.svg
| logo_size = 120px
| logo_caption =
| image = IBM 403 Accounting Machine.jpg
| image_size = 270px
| caption = An IBM 403 accounting machine with built-in printer (left) wired to an IBM 514 summary punch (center).
| type = tabulating machine
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| release date = {{Start date and age|1948}}
| discontinued =
| cost =
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| predecessor = IBM 401, IBM 405
| related = IBM 407
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}}
Image:IBM402plugboard.Shrigley.wireside.jpg
The IBM 402 and IBM 403 Accounting Machines are tabulating machines introduced by International Business Machines in the late 1940s.
Overview
The 402 could read punched cards at a speed of 80 to 150 cards per minute, depending on process options, while printing data at a speed of up to 100 lines per minute. The built-in line printer used 43 alpha-numerical type bars (left-side) and 45 numerical type bars (right-side, shorter bars) to print a total of 88 positions across a line of a report.
The IBM 403 added the ability to print up to three lines, such as a multiline shipping address, from a single punchcard, instead of just one line per card with the 402.
The 402 and 403 were primarily controlled by a removable control panel. Additional controls included a carriage control tape and mechanical levers called hammersplits and hammerlocks, that controlled some printing functions.{{cite book |title = IBM Accounting Machine: 402, 403 and 419 Principles of Operation |id=Form 224-5654-13 |year=1963 |url= http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/AccountingMachine/224-1614-13_402-403-419.pdf}} Both the {{nobr|IBM 402}} and {{nobr|IBM 403}} were considered smaller models of the prior model IBM 405.
In July 2010, a group from the Computer History Museum reported that an IBM 402 was still in operation at Sparkler Filters, Inc., a manufacturing company that produces chemical filtration systems, in Conroe, Texas, still as of 2022{{cn|date=July 2022}} the company's accounting and payroll is done on the oldest American computer in service within the United States of America or elsewhere on the Earth.[http://ibm-1401.info/402.html Visit to a working IBM 402 in Conroe, Texas]
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070129062455/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/endicott/endicott_chronology1940.html IBM History: 402 developed in 1948 or 1949]
- [http://www.columbia.edu/acis/history/402.html The IBM 402 at Columbia University]
- [http://www.piercefuller.com/library/ibm402.html Some IBM 402 pictures from Paul Pierce's Computer Collection]
- [http://www.columbia.edu/acis/history/402-labels.html Annotated (labeled) photograph of an IBM 402, from its manual]
- [http://www.pcworld.com/article/249951/if_it_aint_broke_dont_fix_it_ancient_computers_in_use_today.html Company that still uses IBM 402] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322103832/http://www.pcworld.com/article/249951/if_it_aint_broke_dont_fix_it_ancient_computers_in_use_today.html |date=2014-03-22 }}
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