IC 4051
{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices}}
{{Infobox galaxy
| name = IC 4051
| image = File:IC 4051 SDSS.jpg
| image_scale = 1.5
| caption = SDSS image of IC 4051
| alt =
| epoch = J2000
| pronounce =
| constellation name = Coma Berenices
| h_radial_v = {{val|3286|u=km/s|fmt=commas}}
| gal_v =
| dist_pc =
| dist_ly = {{cvt|100|Mpc|Mly|order=flip|lk=on}}
| group_cluster = Coma Cluster
| mass =
| mass_light_ratio =
| size =
| stars =
| absmag_v = {{val|-21.62|0.35}}
| mag_j =
| mag_h =
| mag_k =
| sbrightness =
| size_v =
| half_light_radius_pc =
| half_light_radius_arcminsec =
| h1_scale_length_pc =
| h1_scale_length_arcminsec =
| xray_radius_pc =
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| notes =
| names = {{odlist | PGC= | UGC= | MCG=-04-35-009 | LEDA=52810 | IC=4501 }}
| references =
}}
IC 4051 is a large elliptical galaxy in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered by the French astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on April 12, 1891. This object is located {{val|14|ul=arcminute}} east of the core of the large Coma Cluster of galaxies, at a distance of {{convert|100|Mpc|e6ly|order=flip|lk=on|abbr=out}} from the Milky Way. With a combined apparent visual magnitude of 13.20, it is the fifth brightest galaxy within a degree of the cluster core. The galaxy displays a significant radial velocity difference from the cluster as a whole, indicating that it may oscillate back-and-forth through the cluster and is now passing through the more dense core at high velocity.
The morphological classification of IC 4051 is E2, indicating a slightly oval-shaped elliptical galaxy. The structure of the galaxy is relatively compact, suggesting it has undergone tidal trimming of its halo from the surrounding galaxy cluster. It has a peculiar core that is counter-rotating with respect to the galaxy as a whole. This core region extends out to an angular radius of {{val|4|ul=arcsecond}}, which corresponds to a physical radius of about {{convert|2.7|kpc|ly|order=flip|abbr=out}}. This star population is old and metal-rich, but contributes only 1% of the total galactic luminosity.
IC 4051 has an unusually large population of globular clusters, comparable to a Type-cD galaxy. Most of these clusters appear metal-rich. The evolutionary picture of this galaxy suggests that it was stripped of most of its gas after the globular cluster population was formed in situ, with the gas being carried away during the early passages through the cluster core. Metal-rich globulars are found within about {{convert|10|kpc|ly|order=flip|abbr=out}} of the galactic center, while the metal-poor globulars are found further out in a halo orbiting the galaxy.
SN 1950A was a Type I supernova event that was discovered by M. L. Humason from photographic plates taken March 20 and April 11, 1950. It was positioned {{val|13.0|u=arcsecond}} North and {{val|1.5|u=arcsecond}} West of the galactic center of IC 4051. The event was at magnitude {{val|17.7|0.1}} on March 20.
References
{{reflist|refs=
| title=IC 4051
| accessdate=2025-01-15 }}
| title=Globular Cluster Systems in Elliptical Galaxies of Coma
| last1=Marín-Franch | first1=A. | last2=Aparicio | first2=A.
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=568 | issue=1 | pages=174–189 | date=March 2002
| doi=10.1086/338839 | arxiv=astro-ph/0112209
| bibcode=2002ApJ...568..174M }}
{{Cite Gaia EDR3|1460799848604514304}}
| title=Galaxy groups: a 2MASS catalog
| last=Tully | first=R. Brent
| journal=The Astronomical Journal
| volume=149 | issue=5 | date=April 28, 2015 | page=171
| issn=1538-3881 | doi=10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/171
| arxiv=1503.03134 | bibcode=2015AJ....149..171T }}
| title=Discovery of Numerous Dwarf Galaxies in the Two Nearest Groups of Galaxies
| first1=S. | last1=Côté | first2=K. C. | last2=Freeman
| first3=C. | last3=Carigan | first4=P. J. | last4=Quinn
| display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomical Journal
| year=1997 | volume=114 | pages=1313
| bibcode=1997AJ....114.1313C | doi=10.1086/118565
| arxiv=astro-ph/9704030 | s2cid=119495338 }}
| title=Distance to the Coma Cluster and a Value for HO Inferred from Globular Clusters in IC 4051
| display-authors=1 | last1=Baum | first1=William A.
| last2=Hammergren | first2=Mark | last3=Thomsen | first3=Bjarne
| last4=Groth | first4=Edward J. | last5=Faber | first5=Sandra M.
| last6=Grillmair | first6=Carl J. | last7=Ajhar | first7=Edward A.
| journal=Astronomical Journal
| volume=113 | page=1483 | date=May 1997
| doi=10.1086/118365 | bibcode=1997AJ....113.1483B }}
| title=The kinematically peculiar cores of the Coma cluster early-type galaxies NGC 4816 and IC 4051
| last1=Mehlert | first1=D. | last2=Saglia | first2=R. P.
| last3=Bender | first3=R. | last4=Wegner | first4=G.
| display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
| volume=332 | pages=33–45 | date=April 1998
| arxiv=astro-ph/9712176
| bibcode=1998A&A...332...33M }}
| title=The Globular Cluster Systems in the Coma Ellipticals. III. The Unique Case of IC 4051
| last1=Woodworth | first1=Sean C. | last2=Harris | first2=William E.
| journal=The Astronomical Journal
| volume=119 | issue=6 | pages=2699–2710 | date=June 2000
| doi=10.1086/301400 | arxiv=astro-ph/0002292
| bibcode=2000AJ....119.2699W }}
| title=Extragalactic globular clusters in the near-infrared. V. IC 4051 and NGC 3311
| last1=Hempel | first1=M. | last2=Geisler | first2=D.
| last3=Hoard | first3=D. W. | last4=Harris | first4=W. E.
| display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
| volume=439 | issue=1 | date=August 2005 | pages=59–73
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20041857 | arxiv=astro-ph/0505104
| bibcode=2005A&A...439...59H }}
| title=Deep GALEX Observations of the Coma Cluster: Source Catalog and Galaxy Counts
| last1=Hammer | first1=D. | last2=Hornschemeier | first2=A. E.
| last3=Mobasher | first3=B. | last4=Miller | first4=N.
| last5=Smith | first5=R. | last6=Arnouts | first6=S.
| last7=Milliard | first7=B. | last8=Jenkins | first8=L.
| display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement
| volume=190 | issue=1 | pages=43–57 | date=September 2010
| doi=10.1088/0067-0049/190/1/43 | arxiv=1004.2498
| bibcode=2010ApJS..190...43H }}
| title=Supernovae in the Coma cluster of galaxies
| last=Barbon | first=R.
| journal=Astronomical Journal
| volume=83 | pages=13–19 | date=January 1978
| doi=10.1086/112170 | bibcode=1978AJ.....83...13B }}
| title=Novae in Two Extragalactic Nebulae
| last=Humason | first=Milton L.
| journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
| volume=62 | issue=365 | page=116 | date=June 1950
| doi=10.1086/126248 | bibcode=1950PASP...62..116H }}
| title=IC Objects: IC 4050 - 4099
| first=Courtney | last=Seligman
| work=Celestial Atlas
| url=https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ic40a.htm#ic4051
| access-date=2025-01-16 }}
}}
{{Coma Berenices}}