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IFMAR 1:10 Electric Off-Road World Championship

{{Short description|Competition for radio-controlled model cars}}

{{for|the 2019 Off-Road Worlds|2019 IFMAR 1:10 Electric Off-Road World Championships}}

{{Infobox motor race

| Race title =

| Logo =

| Track map =

| Series long = IFMAR 1:10 Electric Off-Road World Championship

| Series short = IFMAR 1:10 Off-Road Worlds

| Venue =

| Location =

| Coordinates =

| Sponsor =

| First race = 1985

| First series race =

| Last race =

| Distance =

| Laps =

| Duration = 3 rounds of 5 minute heats (A-main)
1 round of 5 minute heat (others)

| Previous names =

| Most wins driver = 2WD = Masami Hirosaka (3)
4WD = Masami Hirosaka (4)

| Most wins rider =

| Most wins team =

| Most wins manufacturer = 2WD = Team Associated (13)
4WD = Yokomo (7)

| Surface = Dirt (1985–1991, 1995, 2002, 2005)
Clay (1993, 1997–1999, 2007–2011, 2023)
Blue groove (2003, 2013)
Artificial turf (2015)

| Length km =

| Turns =

| Record time =

| Record driver =

| Record car =

| Record year =

| Record class =

}}

The IFMAR World Championship for 1:10th Electric Off-Road Cars (officially "IFMAR 1:10 Electric Off-Road World Championship") is a world championship radio controlled car race sanctioned by the International Federation of Model Auto Racing (IFMAR). It takes place biennially on odd years since 1987 in its current format but inaugurated in 1985 as a championship for Stock (stock handout motor) and Modified class (modified motors and seven cells){{cite web|url=http://www.rc10talk.com/download/file.php?id=4469 |format=PDF |title=1/10th World Championships |publisher=Rc10talk.com |access-date=2015-08-25}} It is considered by the radio-controlled modelling industry to be the most prestigious event in the calendar that a number of mainstream hobby and toy brands have fielded factory entries.

The event is open exclusively to 1:10 scale electric off-road buggies with those of 2WD and 4WD drivetrain, competing separately. These are characterized by its large wheels designed for off-road driving and enclosed single-seater bodyshell with large rear spoiler.

Despite taking place under the same host and venue, the two championships are regarded as separate events, therefore in between them, the circuit is required to be rebuilt and reconfigured differently.

All the world championships took place on dirt or clay tracks until 2015 when the decision was made to run controversially on artificial turf.{{cite web|url=http://events.redrc.net/2015/10/track-focus-yatabe-arena/ |title=Track Focus – Yatabe Arena » Red RC – Events |publisher=Events.redrc.net |access-date=2015-11-05}}

In the 2WD class Associated Electrics, holds distinction for the most wins for manufacturers with a total of 11; Masami Hirosaka of Japan, hold the record with three wins. In the 4WD class Yokomo holds distinction for the most wins for manufacturers; Hirosaka, holding the record with three wins.

Venues

{{location map+ |World |float=right |width=500 |caption=Host Venues for the IFMAR 1:10 Electric Off-Road World Championship |places=

{{location map~ |World |lat=51.026971 |long=-1.513107 |label=1987|position=left}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=-33.704624|long=151.183716 |label=1989|position=top}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=42.563843 |long=-82.975082 |label=1991|position=right}}

{{location map~ |World|lat=51.5860465258921|long=0.46377597930969405 |label=1993|position=top}}

{{location map~ |World |lat= 36.01230674089055|long= 140.085128809476 |label=1995|position=top}}

{{location map~ |World |lat= 34.0563829291997 |long=-117.72243483370602 |label=1997|position=right}}

{{location map~ |World |lat= 61.12131945297318|long= 21.50201579391014 |label=1999|position=top}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=-25.8093324947363 |long= 28.10728906455517 |label=2001|position=top}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=27.88537098462531 |long=-82.72181029190801 |label=2003|position=right}}

{{location map~ |World|lat=45.0788023231302|long=7.566360165164833 |label=2005|position=bottom}}

{{location map~ |World |lat= 36.27105694685468 |long=136.711910917476 |label=2007|position=left}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=-25.809252811169753 |long=28.107369530905366 |label=2009|position=top}}

{{location map~ |World|lat=63.095157505 |long=21.61646247196 |label=2011|position=right}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=39.71968752794239 |long=-121.81182425752029 |label=2013|position=left}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=36.012406|long=140.085835 |label=2015|position=right}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=24.590135|long=117.992685 |label=2017|position=bottom}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=48.889205|long=18.060866 |label=2019|position=right}}

{{location map~ |World |lat=33.31728065181939|long=-111.96653249865199 |label=2023|position=left}}

}}

{{location map+ |Europe |float=right |width=500 |caption=Host Venues for the IFMAR 1:10 Electric Off-Road World Championship |places=

{{location map~ |Europe |lat=51.026971 |long=-1.513107 |label=1987|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe|lat=51.5860465258921|long=0.46377597930969405 |label=1993|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe |lat= 61.12131945297318|long= 21.50201579391014 |label=1999|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe |lat=27.88537098462531 |long=-82.72181029190801 |label=2003|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe|lat=45.0788023231302|long=7.566360165164833 |label=2005|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe|lat=63.095157505 |long=21.61646247196 |label=2011|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe |lat=39.71968752794239 |long=-121.81182425752029 |label=2013|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe |lat=36.012406|long=140.085835 |label=2015|position=top}}

{{location map~ |Europe |lat=48.889205|long=18.060866 |label=2019|position=top}}

}}

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"
YearBlocHost ClubVenueLocationCountrySurface

! Source

1985

| ROAR

| Ranch Pit Shop

| Ranch Pit Shop

| Del Mar, San Diego, California

| {{USA}}

| Hardpack

|

1987

| EFRA

| Romsey Off-Road Club

| Malthouse Inn

| Timsbury, HampshireNumerous sources promoted the event as taken place in Romsey.

| {{GBR}}

| Dirt

| {{sfn|Helger Racing|1987|pp=16}}

1989

| FEMCA

| St Ives Off Road Radio Control Car Club

| St. Ives Showground

| St Ives, New South Wales

| {{AUS}}

| Dirt

|

1991

| ROAR

| Team SEMROCC Racing

| Freedom Hill Park

| Sterling Heights, MichiganNumerous sources promoted the event as taken place in Detroit.

| {{USA}}

| Dirt

|

1993

| EFRA

| Thames Estuary Model Auto Circuits

| Pipps Hill Leisure Complex

| Basildon, Essex

| {{GBR}}

| Dirt

|

1995

| FEMCA

| JMRCA Kanto

| Yatabe Arena

| Tsukuba, Ibaraki

| {{JPN}}

| Dirt

|

1997

| ROAR

| Ranch Pit Shop

| Ranch Pit Shop

| Pomona, California

| {{USA}}

| Blue Groove

|

1999

| EFRA

| Rauman Urheiluautoilijat

| Uimahalli

| Rauma, Satakunta

| {{FIN}}

| Dirt

|

2002

| FAMAR

| Tshwane Raceway And Promotions

| Skilpad Tortoise Hall

| Pretoria, GautengBecause of the September 11 attacks which occurred prior to the championships, the event was delayed until 2002. See also list of entertainment affected by the September 11 attacks.

| {{RSA}}

| Dirt

|

2003

| ROAR

| Minnreg RC Car Club

| Minnreg RC Speedway

| Largo, Florida

| {{USA}}

| Blue Groove

|

2005

| EFRA

| AF Model Rings

| AF Model Rings

| Collegno, Piedmont

| {{ITA}}

| Dirt

|

2007

| FEMCA

| Hakusan Ichirino RC Club

| Hakusan Arena

| Ishikawa, Chūbu region

| {{JPN}}

| Dirt

|

2009

| FAMAR

| Tshwane Raceway and Promotions

| TRAP R/C Venue

| Pretoria, Gauteng

| {{RSA}}

| Dirt

|

2011

| EFRA

| Vaasan Urheiluautoilijat

| Pitkämäki Race-Centre

| Vaasa, Ostrobothnia

| {{FIN}}

| Clay

| {{Cite web|url=https://events.redrc.net/2011/07/ep-buggy-worlds-open-in-finland/|title = Red RC Events » EP Buggy Worlds open in Finland}}

2013

| ROAR

| A-Main Hobbies

| Silver Dollar R/C Raceway

| Chico, California

| {{USA}}

| Blue Groove

| {{Cite web|url=https://events.redrc.net/2013/09/track-focus-silver-dollar-rc-raceway/|title = Red RC Events » Track Focus – Silver Dollar R/C Raceway}}

2015

| FEMCA

| JMRCA Kanto

| Yatabe Arena

| Tsukuba, Ibaraki

| {{JPN}}

| Astroturf

| {{Cite web|url=https://events.redrc.net/2015/10/track-focus-yatabe-arena/|title = Red RC Events » Track Focus – Yatabe Arena}}

2017

|FEMCA

| 3-Circles

| ARC International Raceway

| Xiamen, Fujian

| {{CHN}}

| Dirt

| {{Cite web|url=https://events.redrc.net/2017/11/track-focus-xiamen-arc-international-raceway/|title=Red RC Events » Track Focus – Xiamen ARC International Raceway}}

2019

|EFRA

|Hudy Arena

|Hudy Arena

|Trenčín, Trenčín Region

|{{SVK}}

|Clay

|

2023

| ROAR

| Hobby Action

| Hobby Action RC Raceway

| Chandler, Arizona

| {{USA}}

|

| {{Cite web |last=Chris |date=2022-10-07 |title=Hobby Action RC Raceway to host 2023 IFMAR worlds 1/10th off-road championship |url=https://circusrc.com/2022/10/hobby-action-rc-raceway-to-host-2023-ifmar-worlds-1-10th-off-road-championship/ |access-date=2023-07-11 |website=Circus RC News |language=fr}}

IFMAR World Championship Winners

=Stock=

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"
Year

! Name

! Car

! Motor

! ESC

! Transmitter

! Source

! Report

1985

| {{flagicon|USA}} Jay Halsey

| Associated RC10

| Reedy

| Novak NESC-1

| Airtronics

| {{cite journal |last1=Tobey |first1=Mike |title=1/10 Off-Road World Championships |url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=3082 |journal=Radio Race Car |date=September–October 1985 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=35&t=11968|title=RC10Talk.com - View topic - Jammin Jays 4WD Prototype RC10|work=rc10talk.com|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

=Unlimited=

Split into two classes in 1987

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"
Year

! Name

! Car

! Motor

! ESC

! Transmitter

! Source

! Report

1985

| {{flagicon|USA}} Gil Losi Jr.

| Yokomo YZ-834B

| Trinity

| Novak NESC-1

| Airtronics

|

| Report

=2WD=

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"
Year

! Name

! Car

! Motor

! ESC

! Transmitter

! Source

! Report

1987

| {{flagicon|USA}} Joel Johnson

| Kyosho Ultima

| Trinity Monster Pure Gold

| Tekin ESC100

| KO Propo EX-1

|

| Report

1989

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| Associated RC10GX

| Reedy

| KO Propo CX-III

| KO Propo Esprit

|

| Report

1991

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| Associated RC10GX

| Reedy

| Novak 410-M1c

| KO Propo

| {{cite journal |last1=Chaplin |first1=Keith |title=1991 1/10 Off-Road World Championships |url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=21145 |journal=Radio Race Car |date=October 1991 }}

| Report

1993

| {{flagicon|USA}} Brian Kinwald

| Associated RC10

| Reedy

| Novak 410-M1c

| Airtronics CS2P

|

| Report

1995

| {{flagicon|USA}} Matt Francis

| Associated RC10B2

| Reedy Sonic

| LRP ICS Digital

| Airtronics Caliber 3Ps

|

| Report

1997

| {{flagicon|USA}} Brian Kinwald

| Losi XX-CR

| Trinity

| Novak Cyclone

| Airtronics Caliber 3PS

| {{cite journal |last=Howell |first=John |date=December 1997 |title=1997 IFMAR Off-Road Worlds |url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=3772 |journal=Radio Control Car Action |publisher=Air Age Media }}

| Report

1999

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| Associated RC10B3

| Reedy

| GM Racing V12

| KO Propo Esprit Vantage

|

| Report

2002

| {{flagicon|USA}} Matt Francis

| Losi XXX

| Trinity

| LRP

| Airtronics M8

|{{cite web|url=http://www.rcinfos.com/2002/2002_05_11_wc_off_road.php|title=RC Infos ¦ Site informatif sur le modélisme|author=Lionel Troyon / adaptaweb|work=rcinfos.com|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2003

| {{flagicon|USA}} Billy Easton

| Associated RC10B4

| Reedy Rx

| LRP QC2

| Airtronics M8

| {{cite web|url=http://www.rcinfos.com/2003/2003_10_19_world_championship_2WD.php?id=0&lang=de|title=RC Infos ¦ Site informatif sur le modélisme|author=Lionel Troyon / adaptaweb|work=rcinfos.com|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2005

| {{flagicon|GBR}} Neil Cragg

| Associated RC10B4

| Reedy Ti

| Nosram Razor

| KO Propo EX-10

| {{cite journal |last1=Higgins |first1=Matt |last2=Vieira |first2=Peter |date=November 2005 |title=IFMAR Electric Off-Road Worlds |url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=4223 |journal=Radio Control Car Action |access-date=2015-08-25 }}

| Report

2007

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Hayato Matsuzaki

| Associated RC10B4

| Checkpoint

| KO Propo VFS-1 Pro Competition 3

| KO Propo EX-10 Helios C2

| {{cite web|url=http://www.oople.com/rc/photos/worldchampionships-2007/day3/|title=2007 IFMAR off road world championships - Japan - oOple.com|work=oople.com|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2009

| {{flagicon|GER}} Martin Achter

| Associated RC10B4

| CS Magnetic Delta

| CS Rocket Competition

| Sanwa M11X

| {{cite web|url=http://www.trap.co.za/offroadep/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14:ep-off-road-2wd-progress-report&catid=1:news&Itemid=9 |title=EP Off Road 2WD Progress Report |access-date=2015-07-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091213060307/http://www.trap.co.za/offroadep/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14%3Aep-off-road-2wd-progress-report&catid=1%3Anews&Itemid=9 |archive-date=December 13, 2009 }}

| Report

2011

| {{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Cavalieri

| Associated RC10B4.1

| Team Orion Vortex VST Pro

| LRP SXX

| Airtronics M11X

| {{cite web|url=http://events.redrc.net/2011/07/cavalieri-gets-his-2wd-world-title/|title=Cavalieri gets his 2WD World title » Red RC – Events|work=redrc.net|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2013

| {{flagicon|USA}} Jared Tebo

| Kyosho Ultima RB6

| Team Orion Vortex VST2

| Team Orion Vortex R10

| KO Propo EX-10 Eurus

| {{cite web|url=http://www.neobuggy.net/2013/09/26/jared-tebo-is-2wd-world-champion/|title=Jared Tebo is 2WD World Champion|work=neobuggy.net|access-date=26 November 2015|archive-date=30 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930125642/http://www.neobuggy.net/2013/09/26/jared-tebo-is-2wd-world-champion/|url-status=dead}}

| Report

2015

| {{flagicon|USA}} Spencer Rivkin

| Associated RC10B5M

| Reedy Sonic Mach 2

| Reedy Blackbox 410R

| Airtronics

M12S

| {{cite web|url=http://www.neobuggy.net/2015/10/06/rivkin-takes-2wd-title-at-yatabe/|title=Rivkin takes 2WD title at Yatabe|work=neobuggy.net|access-date=2015-10-07|archive-date=2015-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151110015018/http://www.neobuggy.net/2015/10/06/rivkin-takes-2wd-title-at-yatabe/|url-status=dead}}

| Report

2017

|{{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Maifield

| Yokomo YZ-2 DTM

| Team Orion Vortex VST2

| Team Orion HMX

| Airtronics M12S

|{{Cite web|url=http://www.redrc.net/2016/08/china-to-host-2017-ifmar-ep-offroad-worlds/|title=China to host 2017 IFMAR EP Offroad Worlds|website=Red RC|date=25 August 2016|access-date=2016-09-03}}

|Report

2019

| {{flagicon|USA}} Spencer Rivkin

|Associated RC10B6.1DL

|HobbyWing XeRun V10 G3

|HobbyWing XeRun XR10 Pro Elite

|Futaba 7PX

|{{Cite web|url=https://www.redrc.net/2019/09/spencer-rivkin-takes-ifmar-2wd-world-championship/|title=Spencer Rivkin takes IFMAR 2WD World Championship|date=2019-09-17|website=Red RC|access-date=2019-09-20}}

| Report

2023

| | {{flagicon|USA}} Michael “Tater” Sontag

|TLR 22 5.0 DC ELITE

|HobbyWing G3 7.0T

|Fantom Pro 2.0

|M12S

|{{Cite web|url=https://events.redrc.net/2023/09/16-year-old-sontag-crowned-world-champion-in-arizona/|title=Red RC Events » 16-year-old Sontag crowned World Champion in Arizona|website=Red RC}}

| Report

=4WD=

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"
Year

! Name

! Car

! Motor

! ESC

! Transmitter

! Source

! Report

1987

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| Schumacher CAT XL

| HPI UNO Blue Label

| KO Propo CX-I

| KO Propo Esprit

| {{cite journal |last1=Blandin |first1=Denis |issue=27 |language=fr |title=Championnat du Monde Romsey |url=http://www.retromodelisme.com/pdf/auto_8/n_027_oct_1987/course/championnat_du_monde_tt_1-10_angleterre_romsey_2.pdf |journal=Auto8 |date=October 1987 }}

| Report

1989

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| Yokomo YZ-870C

| Reedy

| KO Propo CX-III

| KO Propo Esprit

| {{cite journal |last1=Hustings |first1=Gene |title=1989 1/10 Off-Road World Champs |url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=21988 |journal=Radio Race Car |date=December 1989 }}

| Report

1991

| {{flagicon|USA}} Cliff Lett

| Yokomo YZ-10 Works '91

| Reedy Mr. M

| Novak 410-M1c

| Airtronics

|

| Report

1993

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| Yokomo YZ-10 WC Special

| Reedy

| Novak 410-HPc

| KO Propo Esprit II

| {{cite journal |author=RCMC team |date=November 1993 |title=Kinwald King Masami: Amazing (part 1/2)|url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=33630 |journal=Radio Control Model Cars }}Radio Control Model Cars,{{cite journal |author=RCMC team |date=November 1993 |title=Kinwald King Masami: Amazing (part 2/2)|url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=33631 |journal=Radio Control Model Cars }}

| Report

1995

| {{flagicon|USA}} Mark Pavidis

| Yokomo YZ-10

| Reedy Sonic

| LRP ICS Digital

| Airtronics CS2P

| {{cite journal |last=Husting |first=Gene |date=November 1995 |title=Yet Associated and Yokomo Dominate: The 1995 IFMAR 1/10 Off-Road World Championships |url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=21100 |journal=Radio Race Car }}

| Report

1997

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| Yokomo MX-4

| Reedy

| Tekin M-Star Red

| KO Propo Esprit Vantage

|

| Report

1999

| {{flagicon|FIN}} Jukka Steenari

| Losi XX-4

| Team Orion

| Novak Cyclone

| Sanwa M8

| {{cite journal |date=November 1999 |title=IFMAR Off-Road Worlds |url=http://data6.blog.de/media/222/4842222_cd1896463e_d.pdf |journal=R/C Car |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205013738/http://data6.blog.de/media/222/4842222_cd1896463e_d.pdf |archive-date=2016-02-05 |url-status=dead }}

| Report

2002

| {{flagicon|FIN}} Jukka Steenari

| Losi XX-4

| Orion

| Novak

| Sanwa M8

|{{cite web|url=http://www.rcinfos.com/2002/2002_05_10_wc_off_road.php|title=RC Infos ¦ Site informatif sur le modélisme|author=Lionel Troyon / adaptaweb|work=rcinfos.com|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2003

| {{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Cavalieri

| Losi XXX-4

| Trinity D5

| Novak GTX

| Airtronics M8

| {{cite web|url=http://www.rcinfos.com/2003/2003_10_15_world_championship_4WD.php|title=RC Infos ¦ Site informatif sur le modélisme|author=Lionel Troyon / adaptaweb|work=rcinfos.com|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2005

| {{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Cavalieri

| JConcepts BJ4 Worlds Edition

| Trinity Epic Shock

| LRP QC3

| Airtronics M11

|

| Report

2007

| {{flagicon|USA}} Jared Tebo

| Associated RC10B44

| Checkpoint

| LRP QC3

| Futaba 3PK Super

| {{cite web|url=http://www.oople.com/rc/photos/worldchampionships-2007/day8/|title=2007 IFMAR off road world championships - Japan - oOple.com|work=oople.com|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2009

| {{flagicon|GER}} Martin Achter

| Team Durango DEX410

| CS Magnetic Delta

| CS Rocket Competition

| Sanwa M11X

| {{cite web|url=http://www.trap.co.za/offroadep/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15:4wd-practice&catid=1:news&Itemid=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009062905/http://www.trap.co.za/offroadep/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15%3A4wd-practice&catid=1%3Anews&Itemid=9 |title=4WD Report |author=Henk Lamberts |archive-date=9 October 2011 |work=trap.co.za |url-status=dead }}

| Report

2011

| {{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Cavalieri

| Associated RC10B44.1

| Orion Vortex VST Pro

| Orion Vortex R10 Pro

| Airtronics M11X

| {{cite web|url=http://events.redrc.net/2011/07/neumann-tebo-join-cavalieri-on-world-championship-podium/|title=Neumann & Tebo join Cavalieri on World Championship podium » Red RC – Events|work=redrc.net|access-date=26 November 2015}}

| Report

2013

| {{flagicon|USA}} Steven Hartson

| Associated RC10B44.2

| LRP Vector X20

| LRP Flow WorksTeam

| Futaba 4PKS-R

| {{cite web|url=http://www.neobuggy.net/2013/09/29/hartson-wins-a3-thriller-world-champion/|title=Hartson wins A3 Thriller: World Champion|work=neobuggy.net|access-date=26 November 2015|archive-date=7 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907224605/http://www.neobuggy.net/2013/09/29/hartson-wins-a3-thriller-world-champion/|url-status=dead}}

| Report

2015

| {{flagicon|POR}} Bruno Coelho

| XRAY XB4 16

| LRP Vector X20

|LRP Flow WorksTeam

| Sanwa M12S

|

| Report

2017

| {{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Maifield

| Yokomo YZ-4 SF

| Team Orion VST2

| Team Orion HMX

|Sanwa M12S

|

|Report

2019

| {{flagicon|POR}} Bruno Coelho

|Xray XB4 20

|HobbyWing XeRun V10 G3

|HobbyWing XeRun XR10 Pro Elite

|Sanwa M17

|

| Report

2023

| {{flagicon|ITA}} Davide Ongaro

| Associated RC10B74.2

| Hobbywing v10 g3

| Hobbywing xr10 G2s

| Sanwa

|

| Report

Significance to the other Worlds events

As it is considered by the industry to be the most prestigious event in radio-controlled modelling, in an attempt to "generate sale revenue from their products”,{{sfn|Houle|1990|pp=41-56}} it has attracted some of the biggest brands from the hobby and toy industries that included Nikko,{{sfn|Houle|1990|pp=41-56}} Tomy,{{sfn|Huber|1991|pp=107-111}} Tamiya{{sfn|Houle|1990|pp=41-56}} and Traxxas.{{Cite web|url=http://www.liverc.com/news/special_features/8749-FLASHBACK_FRIDAY:_Traxxas'_racing_heyday/|title=FLASHBACK FRIDAY: Traxxas' racing heyday|last=Waldron|first=Aaron|website=LiveRC.com|language=en|access-date=2017-04-30}} Only the latter two had greater success at the A-mains with Tamiya achieving 2nd by Lee Martin in 2013{{cite web|url=http://www.tamiya.com/english/info/130930ifmar_2wd/index.htm|title=Lee Martin Takes 2nd at 2013 IFMAR Electric Worlds!|access-date=14 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213044/http://www.tamiya.com/english/info/130930ifmar_2wd/index.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}} and Scott Montgomery's 8th for Traxxas in 1991, both in 2WD.

At the 1989 Worlds, it was claimed by Radio Control Car Action that virtually every manufacturers, who had a 1:10 buggy on the market, was represented. In a bid to add to their 1987 4WD Title; Schumacher, a title sponsor, handed out their latest 2wd car, the Top Cat, to any contender who was interested in representing them.{{sfn|Houle|1990|pp=41-56}}

As a number of manufacturers spend a large sums of money to prepare their teams to ensure a win, as a result a number of those enforce secrecy to protect their prototypes from view. In one notable example, Team Associated, who was the only brand to field a prototype, refused to allow it to be photographed, covering their RC10 up with a towel on anybody who tried to and when forced an Australian team member to hand his film over as he managed to take a few shot of its exposed chassis during technical inspection. Losi in comparison managed to escape scrutiny as experimental two-speed transmission was kept secret and gave misleading answers to prying eyes. They switched to their conventional transmissions in the finals.{{sfn|Houle|1990|pp=41-56}} By the time of the 1991 Worlds, this practice was enforced by a majority of manufacturers.{{sfn|Pond|1991|pp=38-56}} This was in contrast to the 1986 IFMAR 1:8 IC Off-Road World Championship, when Japanese entrants from Kyosho clearly knew their outdated cars had little chance against their European competitors, freely took numerous photographs of their competitor's cars to benefit their research. The outcome became the Burns in late-1987 and then, at the turn of the decade came the highly successful Inferno series that dominated racing from then on.{{sfn|NeoBuggyA|2012}}

To prepare for the 1989 event, Yokomo technicians famously collected soil sample on the track for analysis back in Japan. They were allegedly spotted by locals wheeling around the circuit, a cart that had a video camera mounted on it to get a car's eye view of the track. The result was a duplicate of the track that became the Yatabe Arena back home.{{sfn|Houle|1990|pp=41-56}} Nowadays, regulation require the circuit to be altered at over 60% of its layout, had it been used prior to commencement date and closed for a 2-day minimum, 3-day maximum prior to then.{{sfn |IFMAR|2015| loc=1.5.4 }}{{sfn |IFMAR|2015| loc=1.5.1 }}

Good preparation is key to winning as opposed to accessibility to prototype arts as Associated learned in 1993; when they felt their standard issue, aluminium chassis RC10 was best suited to the circuit, mechanics proceeded to modify Brian Kinwald's chassis by rounding its square edges. Its suspension arms was molded from a more rigid graphite.{{sfn |Howellb|1993|pp=A7-A15}}

Teams and drivers are prepared to bend rules in an attempt to win. In 1989, Yokomo's TR-31 tires, only made available to Yokomo and Associated drivers, became a subject of scrutiny due to its size, given the speed its Yokomos and Associated were going.

The tires, were {{frac|2|1|4}} inches tall (equivalent to 22 inch in full scale) which was illegal under ROAR regulation (maximum 2 inches) though IFMAR did not have such restrictions and was shipped in 30 boxes of tires from Japan. In comparison, Associated was quick to point out to the critics that at the 1987 Worlds, Kyosho fielded tires on its Ultima that was too wide for ROAR regulations.

Team Losi in retaliation, countered this by taking all the stops in the States to produce and ship over 100 pairs of oversize front tires, 200 pairs of rears and five sets of hand-machined aluminum wheels across the Pacific. The tires, only permitted on its JR-X2, ended with mixed results for drivers as the rim ended up being bent out of shape and discarded for Losi's standard wheel.{{sfn|Husting|1990|pp=47-50, 80-82}}{{sfn|Houle|1990|pp=41-56}}

Some who attempted to bend the rules were not lucky such as at the 1993 Worlds; the electric motor of Ben Sturnham's Schumacher CAT 2000 was found with a hybrid motor illegal under IFMAR regulation regardless if it was compliant with the host country BRCA's regulations, his Tanaplan motor consisted of parts by other manufacturer of approved motors including Epic can and armature with Yokomo endbell. Sturnham had his 3rd-place finish demoted to a 10th place after all his lap times was removed despite protests by Tanaplan's Martin Finnesey that it offered no performance enhancement.{{SfnRef|Howell|1993|p=A15}}{{cite web|url=http://www.rc10talk.com/viewtopic.php?f=79&t=18803|title=RC10Talk.com - View topic - 1993 IFMAR Worlds Radio Race Car-Oct 1993|work=rc10talk.com}}

Schedule

A maximum of 150 drivers take part, each continental blocs allocated 32 entries each, the host bloc an extra 10 and the final 10 allocated by IFMAR themselves; should any allocation be left unused, it would be reallocated to the remaining blocs. The event takes place over eight days in total with the first reserved for competitor's registration followed by its opening ceremony in the afternoon then the two sets of three days for competitions.

The competitions begin with a minimum of six practice rounds over groups of fifteen consisting of ten drivers each, starting with the less experienced, this determines the number of heats required and the minimum time needed between rounds. Each heat consists of drivers who are ranked in order of priority; final ranking in the previous Worlds, then those of each countries and the domestic entrants and additional entries.https://2015epoffroadworlds.files.wordpress.com/2015/10/2wd-preliminary-starting-order1.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}} In this case, in the 2015 Worlds, debutants Spencer Rivkin and Bruno Coehlo started at the lower-to-mid practice group 6 and 11 respectively, whereas Steven Hartson, Jared Tebo, Naoto Matsukura and Lee Martin start together in group 15 as the former two are defending champions and the latter given their performance or seeding in their home blocs whereas Travis Amezcua and David Ronnefalk, despite appearing at the A-main once previously, starts in practice group 14. Usually the final rounds are used as controlled practice.1.51, p2, IFMAR 1/10 2015 Off-Road Rules At the 2015 Worlds, practice rounds consisted of four rounds of open practice and two rounds of seeding practice to group the drivers together by skill level.{{cite web|url=http://www.liverc.com/news/announcements/10585-WORLDS%3A_Live_broadcast_schedule_for_2015_IFMAR_Electric_Off-Road_World_Championships/|title=WORLDS: Live broadcast schedule for 2015 IFMAR Electric Off-Road World Championships :: LiveRC.com – R/C Car News, Pictures, Videos, and More|work=liverc.com}} The second day of competition, following the second controlled practice, consists of four rounds of qualifying heats and for day three; the final qualifying session and race day. For each qualifying session, a group of up to ten cars start under the "staggered start" system (a driver each starting separately within of one second of being called).1.10.8, p5, IFMAR 1/10 2015 Off-Road Rules

After each 5 minute qualifying session, the best qualifier of the round is awarded zero points, 2 and 3 points for the 2nd and 3rd fastest qualifier and so on with the most points given to the slowest qualifier. Of five rounds in total, the best three overall performances (as opposed to lap times in full-sized motorsport) counts toward the driver's overall performance, two best rounds count toward three or four rounds completed and one round count toward two or one rounds. After all the points are totaled up, the driver with the fewest points is the best qualifier, thus is awarded a TQ (Top Qualifier) spot, enabling them to start in front of each round. Should they tie in points with another driver, the one with the lowest points score of the three is used to break the tie, if this fails, then the next set of points will be used until the tie is broken. If the points fail to break the tie, then the driver's laps and time from the lowest score will be used.1.7, p4, IFMAR 1/10 2015 Off-Road Rules

The groups are then split into ten groups of ten drivers in alphabets, pending on their performance in qualifying with A being the fastest of the groups1.8, p4-5, IFMAR 1/10 2015 Off-Road Rules Race day starts with the slowest groups first, working its way to the next faster groups up to the fastest, the A-main, then progresses to the 2nd heat. Each race runs for a total of five minutes with extra time to allow the driver to complete their laps.1.10.3, p4-5, IFMAR 1/10 Off-Road 2015 Rules Only the A-main, the group that carries the only hope of taking the world championship title, has three heats with only two best performances that counts and a final practice in the afternoon during race day1.8.1, p5, IFMAR 1/10 2015 Off-Road Rules1.8.4, p5, IFMAR 1/10 2015 Off-Road Rules and the rest run under a single 5 minute heat.

Following the conclusion of the first championship, the event will have an off day as the circuit would have to be rebuilt and reconfigured to a different layout required by IFMAR regulations as accordingly the two Worlds are considered to be a separate events.{{cite web|url=http://events.redrc.net/2013/09/from-race-control-day-3-of-2wd-buggy/|title='From Race Control' – Day 3 of 2WD Buggy » Red RC – Events|work=Redrc.net|access-date=2015-08-25}} The practice would instead start with drivers who are ranked according to their performance in 2WD the day before.https://2015epoffroadworlds.files.wordpress.com/2015/10/4wd-preliminary-starting-order1.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}

Statistics

=Most Wins=

==Drivers==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Driver

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| style="text-align:center;"| 3

rowspan="3"| 2

| {{flagicon|USA}} Brian Kinwald

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 2

{{flagicon|USA}} Matt Francis
{{flagicon|USA}} Spencer Rivkin
rowspan="9"| 4

| {{flagicon|USA}} Jay Halsey

| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flagicon|USA}} Joel Johnson
{{flagicon|USA}} Billy Easton
{{flagicon|GBR}} Neil Cragg
{{flagicon|JPN}} Hayato Matsuzaki
{{flagicon|GER}} Martin Achter
{{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Cavalieri
{{flagicon|USA}} Jared Tebo
{{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Maifield

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Driver

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Masami Hirosaka

| style="text-align:center;"| 4

2

| {{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Cavalieri

| style="text-align:center;"| 3

rowspan="2"| 3

| {{flagicon|FIN}} Jukka Steenari

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2

{{flagicon|POR}} Bruno Coelho
rowspan="7"| 4

| {{flagicon|USA}} Gil Losi Jr

| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flagicon|USA}} Cliff Lett
{{flagicon|USA}} Mark Pavidis
{{flagicon|USA}} Jared Tebo
{{flagicon|GER}} Martin Achter
{{flagicon|USA}} Steven Hartson
{{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Maifield

{{col-end}}

==Car manufacturers==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|USA}} Team Associated

| style="text-align:center;"| 13

rowspan="2"| 2

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Kyosho

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2

{{flagicon|USA}} Team Losi
3

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Yokomo

| style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Yokomo

| style="text-align:center;"| 7

rowspan="2"| 2

| {{flagicon|USA}} Team Losi

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 3

{{flagicon|USA}} Team Associated
3

| {{flagicon|SVK}} XRAY

| style="text-align:center;"| 2

rowspan="3"| 4

| {{flagicon|GBR}} Schumacher

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flagicon|USA}} JConcepts
{{flagicon|GBR}} Team Durango

{{col-end}}

==Motors==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|USA}} Reedy

| style="text-align:center;"| 8

2

| {{flagicon|USA}} Trinity

| style="text-align:center;"| 3

3

| {{flagicon|SUI}} Team Orion

| style="text-align:center;"| 3

rowspan="3"| 2

| {{flagicon|USA}} Team Checkpoint

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flagicon|GER}} CS Electronic
{{flagicon|CHN}} HobbyWing

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|USA}} Reedy

| style="text-align:center;"| 5

rowspan="3"| 2

| {{flagicon|SUI}} Team Orion

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 3

{{flagicon|USA}} Trinity
{{flagicon|GER}} LRP Electronic
rowspan="4"| 3

| {{flagicon|USA}} HPI

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flagicon|USA}} Team Checkpoint
{{flagicon|GER}} CS Electronic
{{flagicon|CHN}} HobbyWing

{{col-end}}

==[[Electronic stability control|ESC]]==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|USA}} Novak Electronics

| style="text-align:center;"| 5

2

| {{flagicon|GER}} LRP Electronic

| style="text-align:center;"| 3

rowspan="2"| 3

| {{flagicon|JPN}} KO Propo

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2

{{flagicon|SUI}} Team Orion
rowspan="5"| 5

| {{flagicon|GER}} GM Racing

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flagicon|GER}} Nosram
{{flagicon|GER}} CS Electronic
{{flagicon|USA}} Reedy
{{flagicon|CHN}} HobbyWing

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|USA}} Novak Electronics

| style="text-align:center;"| 5

2

| {{flagicon|GER}} LRP Electronic

| style="text-align:center;"| 4

3

| {{flagicon|JPN}} KO Propo

| style="text-align:center;"| 2

rowspan="4"| 4

| {{flagicon|USA}} Tekin

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flagicon|SUI}} Team Orion
{{flagicon|GER}} CS Electronic
{{flagicon|CHN}} HobbyWing

{{col-end}}

==Transmitters==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Sanwa

| style="text-align:center;"| 10

2

| {{flagicon|JPN}} KO Propo

| style="text-align:center;"| 7

3

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Futaba

| style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Manufacturer

! Wins

1

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Sanwa

| style="text-align:center;"| 11

2

| {{flagicon|JPN}} KO Propo

| style="text-align:center;"| 4

3

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Futaba

| style="text-align:center;"| 2

{{col-end}}

==By Member Blocs (Drivers)==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Bloc

! Wins

1

| ROAR

| style="text-align:center;"| 12

2

| FEMCA

| style="text-align:center;"| 4

3

| EFRA

| style="text-align:center;"| 2

4

| FAMAR

| style="text-align:center;"| 0

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Bloc

! Wins

1

| ROAR

| style="text-align:center;"| 8

2

| EFRA

| style="text-align:center;"| 5

3

| FEMCA

| style="text-align:center;"| 4

4

| FAMAR

| style="text-align:center;"| 0

{{col-end}}

==Win(s) by Nations (Drivers)==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Nation

! Wins

1

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 11

2

| {{flag|Japan}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 4

rowspan="2"| 3

| {{flag|United Kingdom}}

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{flag|Germany}}

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Nation

! Wins

1

| {{USA}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 9

2

| {{JAP}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 4

rowspan="2"| 3

| {{FIN}}

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2

{{POR}}
5

| {{GER}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1

{{col-end}}

=Most represented in final=

Note: Italics on year represents in which a driver of the country or car manufacturer who failed to score a championship title, italics on nationalities indicate host nation.

==Nations (drivers)==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Total

! Nation

! Year

rowspan="4"| 1

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| 9

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1985

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1995

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1997

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2003

rowspan="2"| 5

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 8

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1993

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2001

rowspan="4"| 7

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| 7

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1989

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1993

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2005

{{flag|South Africa}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2009

rowspan="2"| 11

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 6

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1999

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2007

rowspan="5"| 13

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 5

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1987

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1991

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2011

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2013

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2015

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Total

! Nation

! Year

1

| style="text-align:center;"| 9

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1985

rowspan="2"| 2

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 8

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1995

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2003

rowspan="3"| 4

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 7

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1991

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1999

{{flag|South Africa}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2009

rowspan="2"| 7

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 6

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2001

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2013

rowspan="5"| 9

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 5

| {{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1987

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1989

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1993

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 1997

{{flag|United States}}

| style="text-align:center;"| 2007

{{col-end}}

==Car manufacturers==

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

===2WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Total

! Nation

! Year

rowspan="2"| 1

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 8

| {{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 1985

{{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 2007

3

| style="text-align:center;"| 7

| {{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 2005

4

| style="text-align:center;"| 6

| {{flagicon|USA}} Team Losi

| style="text-align:center;"| 1997

rowspan="8"| 5

| rowspan="8" style="text-align:center;"| 5

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Kyosho

| style="text-align:center;"| 1987

{{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 1987

{{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 1989

{{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 1995

{{flagicon|USA}} Team Losi

| style="text-align:center;"| 1995

{{flagicon|USA}} Team Losi

| style="text-align:center;"| 1997

{{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 1997

{{flagicon|USA}} Associated Electrics

| style="text-align:center;"| 2011

{{col-2}}

===4WD===

class="wikitable"
Rank

! Total

! Nation

! Year

rowspan="2"| 1

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 8

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Yokomo

| style="text-align:center;"| 1995

{{flagicon|USA}} Team Losi

| style="text-align:center;"| 1999

3

| style="text-align:center;"| 7

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Yokomo

| style="text-align:center;"| 1985

4

| style="text-align:center;"| 6

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Yokomo

| style="text-align:center;"| 1993

rowspan="3"| 5

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 5

| {{flagicon|JPN}} Kyosho

| style="text-align:center;"| 1987

{{flagicon|JPN}} Yokomo

| style="text-align:center;"| 1989

{{flagicon|JPN}} Yokomo

| style="text-align:center;"| 1991

{{col-end}}

Notes

{{Reflist|group=nb}}

References

{{Reflist|22em}}

=Bibliography=

{{Refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite web |url=http://www.ifmar.org/pdf/rules/ifmar_wc_electric_offroad_2015.pdf |title=IFMAR Electric Off Road Racing and Technical Rules 2015 |publisher=International Federation of Model Auto Racing |access-date=2015-08-25 |ref={{SfnRef|IFMAR|2015}} |archive-date=2015-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701213932/http://www.ifmar.org/pdf/rules/ifmar_wc_electric_offroad_2015.pdf |url-status=dead }}
  • {{cite journal |last=Houle |first=Rick |date=February 1990 |title='89 IFMAR Off-Road World Champs |journal=Radio Control Car Action |publisher=Air Age Media }}
  • {{cite journal |last=Husting |first=Gene |date=January 1990 |title='89 IFMAR Off-Road World Champs |journal=Radio Control Model Cars }}
  • {{cite journal |last=Huber |first=John |url=http://cdn6.rccaraction.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/RCCA_1991_August.pdf |date=August 1991 |title=Preview: IFMAR World Champs |journal=Radio Control Car Action |publisher=Air Age Media }}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
  • {{cite journal |last=Howell |first=John |date=December 1993 |title=Motor Madness |journal=Radio Control Car Action |publisher=Air Age Media }}
  • {{cite journal |last=Howell |first=John |date=December 1993 |title=Embattled in England |journal=Radio Control Car Action |publisher=Air Age Media |ref={{SfnRef|Howellb|1993|pp=A7-A15}}}}
  • {{cite web |ref={{sfnref|NeoBuggyA|2012}} |author=NeoBuggy |url=http://www.neobuggy.co/1988-worlds/ |title=1988 Worlds |website=NeoBuggy |access-date=28 April 2017 }}
  • {{cite journal |last=Pond |first=Steve |date=December 1991 |title=1991 IFMAR World Champs |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4hnd1wJQLh5aHpLQ0lubUx6NXc/edit?pref=2&pli=1 |journal=Radio Control Car Action |location=Wilton, Connecticut |publisher=Air Age Media |access-date=28 April 2017 }}
  • {{cite magazine

| author =Helger Racing

| title = 1987 IFMAR/Parma 1/10 Scale Off Road World Championships

| url = http://www.dirt-burners.com/rcdox/Magazines/ROAR%20rev-up%20(EN-US)/ROAR%20rev-up%20%28US%29%20-%201987%2811%29%20-%20November.pdf

| magazine = ROAR Rev-Up

| publisher = Radio Operated Auto Racing

| date = November 1987

| access-date = 22 June 2020

}}

{{Refend}}

{{IFMAR Worlds}}

{{Main world championships}}

Category:Recurring sporting events established in 1985

Category:Biennial sporting events

Category:1985 establishments in California