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INSL4

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

Early placenta insulin-like peptide is a protein that in humans is encoded by the INSL4 gene.{{cite journal |vauthors=Chassin D, Laurent A, Janneau JL, Berger R, Bellet D | title = Cloning of a new member of the insulin gene superfamily (INSL4) expressed in human placenta | journal = Genomics | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 465–70 |date=Aug 1996 | pmid = 8666396 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.9980 }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Veitia R, Laurent A, Quintana-Murci L, Ottolenghi C, Fellous M, Vidaud M, McElreavey K | title = The INSL4 gene maps close to WI-5527 at 9p24.1→p23.3 clustered with two relaxin genes and outside the critical region for the monosomy 9p syndrome | journal = Cytogenet Cell Genet | volume = 81 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 275–7 |date=Oct 1998 | pmid = 9730618 | doi =10.1159/000015045 | s2cid = 46801238 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: INSL4 insulin-like 4 (placenta)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3641}}

INSL4 encodes the insulin-like 4 protein, a member of the insulin superfamily. INSL4 encodes a precursor that undergoes post-translational cleavage to produce 3 polypeptide chains, A-C, that form tertiary structures composed of either all three chains, or just the A and B chains. Expression of INSL4 products occurs within the early placental cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast.

References

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Further reading

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  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Koman A, Cazaubon S, Couraud PO, etal |title=Molecular characterization and in vitro biological activity of placentin, a new member of the insulin gene family |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 34 |pages= 20238–41 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8702754 |doi=10.1074/jbc.271.34.20238 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Bellet D, Lavaissiere L, Mock P, etal |title=Identification of pro-EPIL and EPIL peptides translated from insulin-like 4 (INSL4) mRNA in human placenta |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=82 |issue= 9 |pages= 3169–72 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9284764 |doi=10.1210/jcem.82.9.4359 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Laurent A, Rouillac C, Delezoide AL, etal |title=Insulin-like 4 (INSL4) gene expression in human embryonic and trophoblastic tissues |journal=Mol. Reprod. Dev. |volume=51 |issue= 2 |pages= 123–9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9740319 |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199810)51:2<123::AID-MRD1>3.0.CO;2-S |s2cid=13108724 }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Janneau JL, Maldonado-Estrada J, Tachdjian G, etal |title=Transcriptional expression of genes involved in cell invasion and migration by normal and tumoral trophoblast cells |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=87 |issue= 11 |pages= 5336–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12414911 |doi=10.1210/jc.2002-021093 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Bièche I, Laurent A, Laurendeau I, etal |title=Placenta-specific INSL4 expression is mediated by a human endogenous retrovirus element |journal=Biol. Reprod. |volume=68 |issue= 4 |pages= 1422–9 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12606452 |doi= 10.1095/biolreprod.102.010322 |doi-access= free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, etal |title=DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9 |journal=Nature |volume=429 |issue= 6990 |pages= 369–74 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15164053 |doi= 10.1038/nature02465 | pmc=2734081 |bibcode=2004Natur.429..369H }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang Z, Henzel WJ |title=Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2819–24 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15340161 |doi= 10.1110/ps.04682504 | pmc=2286551 }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Millar L, Streiner N, Webster L, etal |title=Early placental insulin-like protein (INSL4 or EPIL) in placental and fetal membrane growth |journal=Biol. Reprod. |volume=73 |issue= 4 |pages= 695–702 |year= 2006 |pmid= 15958731 |doi= 10.1095/biolreprod.105.039859 | pmc=1382170 }}

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