I with bowl
{{Short description|Letter of the Latin alphabet used for historical orthography of Jaꞑalif}}
{{Distinguish|b{{!}}the lowercase letter b|Ƅ|soft sign}}
{{Infobox grapheme
|name=I with bowl
|letter=Ь ь
|variations=
|image=File:Latin letter I with bowl.svg
|imageclass=skin-invert-image
|imagesize=200px
|imagealt= Due to the absence of a character in Unicode, it cannot be displayed in computer-compatible fonts; in some cases, graphemes similar in style can be used instead.
|script=Latin script
|type=Alphabet
|typedesc=ic
|language=Yañalif
|phonemes=[{{IPA link|ɯ}}]
[{{IPA link|ɤ̆}}]
[{{IPA link|ɨ}}]
|unicode=
|alphanumber=
|number=
|usageperiod=
|children=
|equivalents=
|associates=
|direction=Left-to-Right
}}
Latin yeru or {{serif|I}} with bowl{{Dubious|1=Dubious names|reason=These names are not used outside of Unicode proposals|date=March 2024}} (majuscule: Ь, minuscule: ь){{notetag|Here represented with the Cyrillic soft sign, to which it is homoglyphic}} is an additional letter of the Latin alphabet based on the Cyrillic soft sign. It was introduced in 1928 into the reformed Yañalif, and later into other alphabets for Soviet minority languages. The letter was designed specifically to represent the non-front close vowel sounds {{IPAblink|ɨ}} and {{IPAblink|ɯ}}.{{cite book| author = W. K. Matthews | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RWNsAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA70 | title = Languages of the USSR |location= Cambridge |date = 2013 |publisher= Cambridge University Press | pages = 71| isbn = 978-1-107-62355-2}} Thus, this letter corresponds to the letter {{angbr|I ı}} in modern Turkic alphabets,[http://www.omniglot.com/writing/tatar.htm Tatar (tatarça / татарча / تاتارچا)][http://www.omniglot.com/writing/azeri.htm Azerbaijani (آذربايجانجا ديلي / Azərbaycan dili / Азәрбајҹан дили)][http://www.omniglot.com/writing/karaim.htm Karaim (къарай тили, Karay dili, לשון קדר)][http://www.omniglot.com/writing/khakas.htm Khakas (Хакас тілі / Khakas tîlî)][http://www.omniglot.com/writing/kumyk.php Kumyk (Къумукъ тил / Qumuq til)][http://www.omniglot.com/writing/tuvan.php Tuvan (Тыва дыл / Tyva dyl)] and the letter yery ({{angbr|Ы ы}}) in Cyrillic.
Usage
The letter was originally included in the Yañalif, and later also in the alphabets of the Kurdish, Abaza, Sami, Ingrian, Kalmyk, Komi, Tsakhur, Azerbaijani and Bashkir languages, as well as in the draft reform of the Udmurt alphabet. During the project of the Latinization of the Russian language, this letter corresponded to the Cyrillic letter {{angbr|Ы ы}}. In Kalmyk, however, it represented palatalisation of the preceding consonant, thus corresponding to the Cyrillic homoglyph {{angbr|Ь ь}}.
In languages and alphabets that used this letter, the lowercase form of B was a small capital {{angbr|ʙ}} so that there would be no confusion between {{angbr|b}} and {{angbr|ь}}.
File:Alfavit2.jpg|New Turkic alphabet (Yañalif)
File:Unified Northern Alphabet.jpg|The Latin-based Unified Northern Alphabet
File:Soviet kurdi latin alphabet (1929).jpg|Kurdish alphabet of 1929
File:Abaza latin alphabet.jpg|Abazin alphabet of the 1930s
File:Sami alphabet 1933.jpg|Sami alphabet of 1933
File:Komi latin alphabet.PNG|Komi alphabet of 1934
File:Tsakhur alphabet (1934).JPG|Tsakhur alphabet of 1934
File:Komi-Udmurt latin alphabet (1931).jpg|The draft reform of the Udmurt and Komi scripts of 1931
File:Crimean Tatar alphabet Janalif-Cyrillic.png|Crimean Tatar alphabet from the 1920s, with the Latin script in the middle columns.
File:Program of Bride of Fire 2.JPG|Table of contents, on a book, showing the use of Ь in some words.
File:Әлмөхәмәтов һәм Мәскәү дәүләт консерваторияһы Башҡорт бүлеге студенттары ансамбле гастролдәре афишаһы.png|Tour poster showing the promo of a state conservery, I with bowl can be seen.
File:New Turkic alphabets.jpg|Comparison of the New Turkic alphabets, as well as examples of sentences.
File:Сурхан буйында.jpg|Book cover, whose title translates to "On Surkhan," shows the use of the letter in the word "Bujьnda."
File:Ufateatroerabalet.jpg|Wall sign at a ballet theatre, notice the I with bowl is barely visible at the top of it.
File:KrymASSR vybory.jpg|Sample ballot in Crimean Tatar for voting elections to the Supreme Soviet of the Crimean ASSR in 1938.
File:1934 Latin anbur.JPG|Examples of sentences in Latin-script Komi.
File:Janjur Samed program.jpg|Janjur Saman theatrical play poster
File:Polad Qartal opera poster.jpg|Yerevan State poster for the opera show at an Azerbaijani theatre.
File:Leyli and Majnun poster 1935-1936.jpg|Poster of Leyli and Majnun, with Latin-script on top section.
File:Teatr bülleteni №2, 1936.jpg|1936 bulletin about Baku theatres.
File:Emblem of the Azerbaijan SSR (1937-1940).svg|Emblem of Azerbaijani SSR from 1937-1940. I with bowl is found in the words "Respuʙliqasь" and "Proletarlarь."
File:Darchini from Azerbaijani dances melodies.jpg|Azerbaijani dance melody sheet. The letter can be seen in the title written in Latin script.
Encoding
A Latin letter I with bowl hasn't been adopted into Unicode because of the concern that encoding it could open the door to "duplicating the whole Cyrillic alphabet as Latin letters."{{cite web
|url = http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2008/08404r-janalif.pdf
|title = Proposal to encode four Latin letters for Jaꞑalif
|author = Karl Pentzlin, Ilya Yevlampiev
|date = 2008-11-03
|access-date = 2017-10-24
|language = en
|url = http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10356-n3916-janalif.pdf
|title = Proposal to encode two Latin letters for Jaꞑalif
|author = Karl Pentzlin, Ilya Yevlampiev
|date = 2010-09-24
|access-date = 2017-09-28
|language = en
|url = http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11360-soviet-latin.pdf
|title = Proposal to encode Latin letters used in the Former Soviet Union
|date = 2011-10-18
|access-date = 2017-09-26
|language = en
|url = https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22118-latin-i-with-bowl.pdf
|title = Proposal to encode Latin capital and small letter I with bowl
|author = Nikita Manulov
|date = 2022-05-20
|access-date = 2022-06-28
|language = en
}} Instead, computer and mobile users can substitute similar letters, either Ь ь or Ƅ ƅ (Latin letter tone six, the letter that was previously used in the Zhuang alphabet to denote the sixth tone {{IPA|za|˧|}}).
See also
Notes
{{notefoot}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{Latin script|I
| show pairs = no
}}