Ibrahim ibn al-Walid

{{Infobox monarch

| name = Ibrahim ibn al-Walid
إبراهيم ابن الوليد

| succession = 13th Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate

| image = 300px

| title = Khalīfah
Amir al-Mu'minin

| caption = Dirham of Ibrahim ibn Al-Walid

| reign = 4 October 744 – 4 December 744

| full name = Ibrahim ibn al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik

| predecessor = Yazid III

| successor = Marwan II

| house = Marwanid

| dynasty = Umayyad

| father = Al-Walid I

| mother = Budayra (Su'ar)

| issue = Ishaq

| birth_place = Damascus

| death_date = 25 January 750

| death_place = Bilad al-Sham

| religion = Islam

}}

Ibrahim ibn al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik ({{langx|ar|ابراهيم ابن الوليد بن عبد الملك|Ibrāhīm ibn al-Walīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik}}; died 25 January 750) was an Umayyad caliph, and a son of Caliph al-Walid I (r. 743–744). He ruled from 4 October 744 to 4 December 744. He was the penultimate Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate.

== Background ==

Ibrahim was a son of the Umayyad caliph al-Walid I ({{reign|705|715}}). His mother was a slave concubine named Su'ar or Budayra.{{sfn|Biesterfeldt|Günther|2018|p=1058}}

Reign

Yazid III named his brother Ibrahim as his successor. Yazid fell ill of a brain tumourDionysius of Telmahre apud Hoyland, 661 n 193 and died on October 3 or 4, 744. Ibrahim duly succeeded him.

Ibrahim ruled for two months in 744 before he abdicated, and went into hiding out of fear of his political opponents. The shortness of this time and his incomplete acceptance led Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari to state that he did not succeed in becoming caliph (v. 26, p. 247). However, al-Tabari (p. 13) does record that Ibrahim as caliph did confirm the appointment of Abdallah ibn Umar as governor of Iraq (v. 27, p. 13).

Abdication

Ibrahim was named heir apparent by his brother Yazid III. Marwan II decided to oppose Yazid III, and even though he later gave allegiance to Yazid, on the early death of that caliph, Marwan continued his own ambitions. Ibrahim requested and was granted Marwan's assurance of personal safety. He travelled with Marwan to former Caliph Hisham's residence at Rusafah in Syria. Like most members of the Umayyad family, Ibrahim was executed by the Abbasids in 750.

References

Bibliography

{{cite book |last1=Biesterfeldt |first1=Hinrich |last2=Günther |first2=Sebastian |title=The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī (Volume 3): An English Translation |date=2018 |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-35621-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OHxTDwAAQBAJ }}
{{The History of al-Tabari|volume=26}}
{{The History of al-Tabari |volume=23 |url={{Google Books|XEsflZBlADwC|plainurl=y}}}}
{{EI3| first = Steven C. | last = Judd | title = Ibrāhīm b. al-Walīd | year = 2019 | url = http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_3234}}
{{The History of al-Tabari|volume=27}}