Iki doll
{{Italic title|string=Iki}}
The term {{nihongo|{{transliteration|ja|iki}} doll|生人形|iki-ningyō}} refers to a specific type of Japanese traditional doll. They are life-sized lifelike dolls that were popular in {{transliteration|ja|misemono}} during the Edo period of Japan. Nowadays the name is mainly used to refer to shop store mannequins.
File:Figure group entitled 'The Wrestlers' or 'Kawatso Saburo Overcoming Matano Goro' - RC1008-1.tif
Artists famous for making {{transliteration|ja|iki-ningyō}} during the Edo period include Akiyama Heijūrō, Takedoa Nuinosuke, {{nihongo|Matsumoto Kisaburō|松本喜三郎}}, and {{nihongo|Yasumoto Kamehachi|安本亀八}}. The dolls that they made were novel not just for their context that shocked viewers — figures lying in pools of their own blood, for example, or Akiyama Heijuro's "Development of a Fetus", a life-sized model of a pregnant woman whose abdomen opens up to reveal twelve supposed stages of development of a human fetus in the womb — but also for their influence upon the genre of {{transliteration|ja|ningyō}}. The works of Kamehachi and Kisaburō, in particular, contributed to the emergence of an extreme sense of realism.
The earliest exhibition of {{transliteration|ja|iki-ningyō}}, as recorded in Tommori Seiichi's biography of Kamehachi, was on February 2, 1852, by Ōe Chūbei entitled Representations of Modern Dolls in this Year of Abundance in the Naniwashinchi brothel district of Osaka. Chūbei's name {{transliteration|ja|imayō-ningyō}} ("modern dolls") indicated that he considered this form of doll to be modern and new.
References
Further reading
- {{cite journal|title=Nishiki-e depicting Iki-ningyo|author=Tsutomu Kawamoto|journal=National Diet Library Newsletter|issue=155|date=June 2007|url=http://ndl.go.jp./en/publication/ndl_newsletter/155/557.html}}
- {{cite book|title=Japanese Dolls: The Fascinating World of Ningyo|series=Art and Design Series|author=Alan Scott Pate|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|year=2008|isbn=978-4-8053-0922-3|pages=142–154|chapter=Iki-ningyō: Living Dolls and the Export Market}}
- {{cite web|title=Antique Japanese Dolls — Iki Ningyo|author=Alan Scott Pate|publisher=Alan Scott Pate|year=2005|url=http://antiquejapanesedolls.com./pub_artinfocus/pub_iki/iki.html|work=Antique Japanese Dolls|access-date=2010-08-29|archive-date=2010-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111021034/http://www.antiquejapanesedolls.com/pub_artinfocus/pub_iki/iki.html|url-status=dead}}
- {{cite journal|title=The Carnival of Edo: Misemono Spectacles From Contemporary Accounts|author=Andrew L. Markus|journal=Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies|volume=45|issue=2|date=December 1985|pages=499–541|publisher=Harvard-Yenching Institute|doi=10.2307/2718971|jstor=2718971}}
- {{cite journal|journal=Rokushô|volume=19|title=World of Dolls by Hirata Gôyô, Living National Treasure|publisher=Maria Shobô|location=Kyoto|year=2003|edition=republished by Daruma|url=http://www.darumamagazine.com./new/articles-excerpts/from-lifelike-doll-artisan-to-doll-master-genius-hirata-goyo’s-path/|author=Kobayashi Sumie}}
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Category:Cultural history of Japan
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