Ikun-Shamash

{{Infobox royalty

| name = Ikun-Shamash
{{nobold|{{cuneiform|π’„Ώπ’†ͺπ’€­π’Œ“}}}}

| image = Ikun-Shamash.jpg

| reign = c. 2500 BC

| caption = Ikun-Shamash's votive statue, British Museum{{cite book |last1=Spycket |first1=Agnès |title=Handbuch der Orientalistik |date=1981 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-06248-1 |page=87 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA87 |language=fr}}

| succession = King of Mari

| predecessor =

| successor =

}}

{{Location map

| Near East

| width = 260px

| float = right

| border =

| caption = Location of Mari

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| relief = yes

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| overlay_image =

| label = Mari

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| position = top

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| lat_deg = 34.549444

| lon_deg = 40.89

}}

Ikun-Shamash or Iku-Shamash ({{cuneiform|π’„Ώπ’†ͺπ’€­π’Œ“}}; {{fl|{{circa|2500 BC}}}}){{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S88UAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA16|title= Who Were the Amorites|author= Alfred Haldar|page= 16|year=1971}} was a King of the second Mariote kingdom. According to FranΓ§ois Thureau-Dangin, the king reigned at a time earlier than Ur-Nanshe of Lagash. He is one of three Mari kings known from archaeology, and probably the oldest one. Another king was Iku-Shamagan, also known from a statue with inscription, in the National Museum of Damascus. The third king is Lamgi-Mari, also read IΕ‘gi-Mari, also known from an inscribed statue now in the National Museum of Aleppo.Photograph in: {{cite web |title=Mission ArchΓ©ologique de Mari 4 vols. in 6. Volume I: Le Temple D'Ishtar. Volume II : Le Palais. Part 1: Architecture. Part 2: Peintures Murales. Part 3: Documents et monuments. Volume III: Les Temples D'Ishtarat et de |url=https://www.meretsegerbooks.com/pages/books/M4039/parrot-andre/mission-archeologique-de-mari-4-vols-in-6-volume-i-le-temple-dishtar-volume-ii-le-palais-part-1 |website=Meretseger Books |access-date=2020-04-07 |archive-date=2020-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407122226/https://www.meretsegerbooks.com/pages/books/M4039/parrot-andre/mission-archeologique-de-mari-4-vols-in-6-volume-i-le-temple-dishtar-volume-ii-le-palais-part-1 |url-status=dead }}{{cite book |last1=Spycket |first1=AgnΓ¨s |title=Handbuch der Orientalistik |date=1981 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-06248-1 |page=88 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA88|language=fr}}

In his inscriptions, Ikun-Shamash used the Akkadian language, whereas his contemporaries to the south used the Sumerian language.{{cite book |last1=Spycket |first1=Agnès |title=Handbuch der Orientalistik |date=1981 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-06248-1 |page=86 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA86 |language=fr}} His official title in the inscriptions was "King of Mari" and "ensi-gal", or "supreme Prince" of the deity Enlil.

He is known from a statue with inscription, which he dedicated to god Shamash.

Ikun-Shamash's territory seems to have included southern Babylonia.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2a8LAQAAIAAJ|title= The Middle East: Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Iran|author=Robert Boulanger|page= 497|year=1966}}

Statue

Ikun-Shamash's votive statue, set by one of his officials, was discovered in the city of Sippar; the inscription reads:

{{quote|200px
{{cuneiform|π’„Ώπ’†ͺπ’€­π’Œ“ / π’ˆ—π’ˆ π’Œ·π’†  / 𒑐𒋼𒋛𒃲 / 𒀭𒂗𒆀 /π’…ˆπ’Šπ’€­ /π’†ͺπ’…†π’ˆ¨π’‹€ / π’Š¨π’‹€ / π’€­π’Œ“ / π’Š•π’„Έπ’Ί}}

i-ku-Dutu / lugal ma-ri2ki / ensi2gal / Den-lil2 / ar-raD / tush igi{me}-su3 / dul3-su3 / Dutu / sa12-rig9

"For Iku(n)shamash, king of Mari, chief executive for Enlil, Arra'il his courtier, dedicated his statue to Shamash"|Statue inscription of Ikun-Shamash{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2W9OAAAAYAAJ|title= Presargonic Inscriptions|author= Jerrold S. Cooper|page= 87|year=1986|isbn= 9780940490826}}{{cite web |title=Inscription of the statue of Ikun-Shamash |url=https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P431171 |website=cdli.ucla.edu}}}}

The statue is located in the British Museum.

File:Statue of Iku-Shamash, King of Mari circa 2400 BCE.jpg|Statue of Iku-Shamash, King of Mari c. 2400 BC (in the rear)

File:Ikun-shamash inscription.jpg|The inscription on the statue

File:Ikun-Shamash Lugal Mari-ki.jpg|Inscription on the statue: "Ikun-Shamash, King of Mari" ({{cuneiform|π’„Ώπ’†ͺπ’€­π’Œ“ π’ˆ— π’ˆ π’Œ·π’† }}, Ikun-shamash, lugal Mari-ki)

File:BM 60828 Ikun-shamash.jpg|Statue of Ikun-shamash, British Museum, BM 90828

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{{s-hou||||||name=King Ikun-Shamash of Mari}}

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{{s-bef

| before =

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{{s-ttl

| title = King of Mari

| years = c. 2500 BC

}}

{{s-aft

| after = Possibly Iku-Shamagan

}}

{{s-end}}

Citations