Ilay Campbell, Lord Succoth

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix = The Much Honoured

| name = Lord Succoth

| honorific-suffix =

| image = Portrait of Sir Ilay Campbell.jpg

| alt =

| caption = Portrait by David Martin

| order =

| office = Lord President of the Court of Session
Lord Justice General

| term_start = 26 October 1789

| term_end = 31 August 1808

| deputy =

| appointer = George III

| predecessor = Lord Glenlee

| successor = Robert Blair

| order2 =

| office2 = Member of Parliament for Glasgow Burghs

| term_start2 = 1784

| term_end2 = 1790

| predecessor2 = John Craufurd

| successor2 = John Craufurd

| office3 = Lord Advocate

| term_start3 = 1784

| term_end3 = 1790

| predecessor3 = The Hon Henry Erskine

| successor3 = Robert Dundas

| office4 = Solicitor General for Scotland

| term_start4 = 1783

| term_end4 = 1784

| predecessor4 = Alexander Murray

| successor4 = Robert Blair

| birth_date = {{birthdate|1734|08|23|df=yes}}

| birth_place = Edinburgh, Scotland

| death_date = {{dda|1823|03|28|1734|08|23|df=yes}}

| death_place =

| birthname =

| party = Pittite

| spouse = {{marriage|Susan Mary Murray
|1766|1815|reason=died}}

| relations = Archibald Campbell Tait (grandson)

| children =

| parents = Helen Wallace
Archibald Campbell

| residence =

| education =

| alma_mater = University of Glasgow

| profession = Advocate, Judge, Politician

}}

Sir Ilay Campbell, 1st Baronet, Lord Succoth, {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FRSE}} (23 August 1734 – 28 March 1823) was a Scottish advocate, judge and politician.

He rose to be Lord President of the Court of Session.

Early life

Campbell's birthplace is given as either Argyll or Edinburgh. His mother was Helen Wallace, and his father, Archibald Campbell of Succoth, Principal Clerk of Session to the Scottish Courts.{{Cite book |url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |title=Former Fellows of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1783–2002: Part 1 (A–J) |author=C D Waterston |author2=A Macmillan Shearer |website=Royal Society of Edinburgh |isbn=090219884X |date=July 2006 |publisher=RSE Scotland Foundation |access-date=18 September 2015 |archive-date=24 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124115814/http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |url-status=dead}}

He attended Mundell's School in Edinburgh{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1754-1790/member/campbell-ilay-1734-1823|title=CAMPBELL, Ilay (1734–1823), of Succoth, Argyll. – History of Parliament Online}} and then the University of Glasgow to study law, graduating in 1751.

Career

An advocate from 1757, he was engaged in the Douglas peerage case from 1764 to 1769. in September 1759 Campbell was admitted as an elder of Old Kilpatrick parish.{{Cite book |last=Bruce |first=John |title=History of the Parish of West or Old Kilpatrick |date=1893 |publisher=John Smith & Son, Glasgow |isbn=0906938112 |edition=1995 |location=Glasgow |publication-date=1995 |pages=111}} On 26th January 1777 his home on the second floor of a tenement in Old Bank Close, Edinburgh, was damaged in a fire.Melvin, Eric (2017), The Edinburgh of John Kay: Portraits and Tales of Everyday Life in Edinburgh's Golden Age, Eric Melvin, Edinburgh, pp. 56 & 57, {{isbn|9780995637801}}

Campbell was appointed Solicitor General for Scotland in 1783 and Lord Advocate in 1784. He became Member of Parliament for Glasgow Burghs in the same year. He was Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General from 1789 to 1808, where he sat as Lord Succoth.

On his resignation in 1808, he was created a baronet,{{London Gazette |issue=16179 |date=3 September 1808 |page=1214}} and resided at Garscube House,[http://gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk/smihou/smihou046.htm XLVI. Garscube] Glasgow Digital Library: The old country houses of the old Glasgow gentry about four miles from Glasgow on the banks of the river Kelvin. There he engaged in the management of his estate, and the performance of his duties as a country gentleman. Lord Cockburn says of him that "he lived like a patriarch in a house overflowing with company, beloved by troops of relations, and courted for his character and hospitality by many friends."

Campbell was awarded an honorary doctorate (LLD) from the University of Glasgow in 1784, and elected Lord Rector of the university in 1799. He died at Garscube in 1823 aged 89.

Campbell was succeeded by his son Archibald, also a Senator of the College of Justice under the same title of Lord Succoth.

It is worth observing that the title "Lord Succoth" derived from the 1st and 2nd baronets' status as law lords rather than as Lords of Parliament. As such, the title "Lord Succoth" was not hereditable. The honorific "The Much Honoured" references a feudal barony ("of Succoth"). Sir Ilay's descendants remained baronets until the extinction of the baronetcy in 2017.{{cite web |title=Obituary: Sir Ilay Campbell of Succoth, gardening and heraldry expert |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-sir-ilay-campbell-of-succoth-gardening-and-heraldry-expert-1-4375168 |website=scotsman.com |access-date=19 September 2021 |language=en}}

Personal life

In 1766, Campbell married Susan Mary Murray of Murrayfield, sister of Alexander Murray, Lord Henderland.{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1754-1790/member/murray-alexander-1736-95|title=MURRAY, Alexander (1736–95), of Murrayfield, Edinburgh, and Henderland, Peebles. – History of Parliament Online}} Before her death in 1815, they were the parents of:

Margaret Campbell, who married Sir John Connell, Judge of the Admiralty Court.
Jean Campbell (b. 1767), who married John MacNeil of Gigha in 1797.
Sir Archibald Campbell, 2nd Baronet (1769–1846), who married Elizabeth Balfour, daughter of John Balfour, 5th of Balbirnie, in 1794.
Alexander Campbell (1771–1799), WS; he died unmarried.
Anne Campbell (b. 1773), who married Francis Sitwell, MP for Berwick-upon-Tweed, son of Francis ({{ne}} Hurt) Sitwell and Mary Warneford, in 1795.{{cite web |last1=Collinge |first1=J. M. |title=SITWELL, Francis (?1776-1813), of Barmoor Castle, Northumb. |url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/sitwell-francis-1776-1813 |website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org |publisher=History of Parliament Online |access-date=4 February 2025}}
Susan Campbell (1775–1814), who married Crauford Tait, WS of Harviestoun, in 1795.
Mary Campbell (1777–1820), who married General Sir Charles Shalders.
Elizabeth Glen Campbell (1778–1853), who married William Dalzeil Colquhoun of Garscadden in 1801.

Lord Succoth died on 28 March 1823 and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son, Archibald.Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003, volume 1, page 671.

=Descendants=

Through his daughter Margaret, he was a grandfather of Arthur Connell FRSE, a chemist who discovered connellite.

Through his daughter Susan, he was a grandfather of Archibald Campbell Tait, the Archbishop of Canterbury.{{Cite web|url=http://www.robertburns.org/encyclopedia/TaitCrawfordorCrauford1765-1832.840.shtml|title=Robert Burns Country: The Burns Encyclopedia: Tait, Crawford or Crauford (1765? - 1832)}}