Ilha Fiscal
{{Short description|Island in Guanabara Bay, Brazil}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}{{Expand Portuguese|topic=struct|Ilha Fiscal|date=December 2010}}
File:IlhaFiscal_03.jpg and Serra dos Órgãos National Park further on in the background.]]
Ilha Fiscal, or Fiscal Island, is an island in Guanabara Bay, bordering the historic city center of Rio de Janeiro, in southeastern Brazil.
Originally named by Europeans as Rat Island ({{Langx|pt|Ilha dos Ratos}}), its current name comes from the fact that the customs department has been stationed there before Guarda Fiscal, serving the port of the then-capital of the Empire during the nineteenth century. The customs offices were housed at a Neo-Gothic palace built under Pedro II,{{Efn|Erroneously stated as Pedro I by John Waggoner.|group=lower-alpha}} which occupies most of the island. The island became famous as the site of the famous Fiscal Island Ball ({{Langx|pt|Baile da Ilha Fiscal}}), the last royal ball of the Empire before the coup d'état that proclaimed the Republic in November 1889.{{Cite book|last=Waggoner|first=John|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2131262522/|title=Brazil Travel Adventures|publisher=Hunter Publishing|year=2008|isbn=9781588436764|pages=113|access-date=2021-11-09|url-access=subscription|via=ProQuest}}
History
The New York Times'
During the Fiscal Island Ball ({{Langx|pt|Baile da Ilha Fiscal}}), held on 9 November 1889{{Efn|For his part, Jeffrey David Needell erroneously states 19 October as the date of the event.|group=lower-alpha}}{{cite news |last1=Franco |first1=Luiza |title=Proclamação da República: como foi a última festa de arromba da monarquia, regada a champanhe, foie gras e música até o sol raiar |url=https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2024/11/15/proclamacao-da-republica-como-foi-a-ultima-festa-de-arromba-da-monarquia-regada-a-champanhe-foie-gras-e-musica-ate-o-sol-raiar.ghtml |access-date=15 November 2024 |work=G1 |date=15 November 2024 |language=pt}} and considered "the last ball of the Empire," Afonso Celso, Viscount of Ouro Preto, Deodato Cesino Vilella dos Santos, {{Interlanguage link|João da Costa Lima e Castro|pt|João da Costa Lima e Castro (médico)}} and Saldanha da Gama were members of the reception committee.{{Cite book|last=Needell|first=Jeffrey David|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/303250929/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|title=The Origins of the Carioca Belle Epoque: The Emergence of the Elite Culture and Society of Turn-of-the-century Rio de Janeiro|publisher=Stanford University|year=1982|pages=197 (239)|chapter=Chapter III High Society and the Salon|access-date=2021-11-09|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109203433/https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/ORIG/2/eYTxJ?cit%3Aauth=NEEDELL%2C+JEFFREY+DAVID&cit%3Atitle=THE+ORIGINS+OF+THE+CARIOCA+BELLE+EPOQUE%3A+THE+EMERGENCE+OF+THE+ELITE+...&cit%3Apub=ProQuest+Dissertations+and+Theses&cit%3Avol=&cit%3Aiss=&cit%3Apg=&cit%3Adate=1982&ic=true&cit%3Aprod=ProQuest+One+Academic&_a=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%2FyAgD6AgFOggMDV2ViigMcQ0lEOjIwMjExMTA5MTk0MTU2MzQ0OjIyNDEwMg%3D%3D&_s=aMMTTQOeM5YWNQcJ0CWvmNqGSow%3D|archive-date=2021-11-09|url-status=live|via=ProQuest}} The ball was in honor of a visiting Chilean delegation{{Cite book|last=Trochim|first=Michael Robert|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/303312581/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|title=Retreat from Reform: The Fall of the Brazilian Empire, 1888–1889|publisher=University of Illinois at Chicago|year=1983|pages=303 (313)|access-date=2021-11-09|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109212747/https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/ORIG/2/tLVtK?cit%3Aauth=TROCHIM%2C+MICHAEL+ROBERT&cit%3Atitle=RETREAT+FROM+REFORM%3A+THE+FALL+OF+THE+BRAZILIAN+EMPIRE%2C+1888-1889&cit%3Apub=ProQuest+Dissertations+and+Theses&cit%3Avol=&cit%3Aiss=&cit%3Apg=&cit%3Adate=1983&ic=true&cit%3Aprod=ProQuest+One+Academic&_a=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%3D%3D&_s=7ABED2rPw0CGleSmxeHFZpuSl0c%3D|archive-date=2021-11-09|via=ProQuest}} of naval men,{{Cite book|last=Simmons|first=Charles Willis|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/304361597/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|title=Marechal Deodoro and the Fall of Dom Pedro II|publisher=University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|year=1997|pages=147 (152)|access-date=2021-11-09|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109230814/https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/ORIG/2/cupMI?cit%3Aauth=SIMMONS%2C+CHARLES+WILLIS&cit%3Atitle=MARECHAL+DEODORO+AND+THE+FALL+OF+DOM+PEDRO+II&cit%3Apub=ProQuest+Dissertations+and+Theses&cit%3Avol=&cit%3Aiss=&cit%3Apg=&cit%3Adate=1997&ic=true&cit%3Aprod=ProQuest+One+Academic&_a=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%3D%3D&_s=yjAyQqqGPW6%2BcOnQTGJ7I2%2B2XZY%3D|archive-date=2021-11-09|via=ProQuest}} with an alleged attendance of six thousand guests. An often repeated legend states that after the ball 8 bodices, 17 silk pillows, 3 corsets, 17 garters and 9 epaulets were found on the island.
During the Revolt of the Lash, on 23 November 1910, the Brazilian battleship São Paulo was located off the island and headed out of the bay unscathed.{{Cite book|last=Love|first=Joseph|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2131314064/|title=The Revolt of the Whip|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=2012|isbn=9780804783699|pages=50–51|chapter=The Rebellion and its Resolution|access-date=2021-11-09|url-access=subscription|via=ProQuest}} {{Interlanguage link|Aurélio de Figueiredo|pt}} painted The Last Dance of Ilha Fiscal ({{Langx|pt|O Último baile da Ilha Fiscal}}), based on the 1889 ball, in 1905.{{Cite book|last=Williams|first=Daryle|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/304237380/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|title=Making Brazil modern: Political culture and cultural politics under Getulio Vargas, 1930–1945|publisher=Stanford University|year=1995|pages=96 (111)|access-date=2021-11-09|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109224722/https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/ORIG/2/ASGpK?cit%3Aauth=Williams%2C+Daryle&cit%3Atitle=Making+Brazil+modern%3A+Political+culture+and+cultural+politics+under+Getulio+Vargas%2C+1930-1945&cit%3Apub=ProQuest+Dissertations+and+Theses&cit%3Avol=&cit%3Aiss=&cit%3Apg=&cit%3Adate=1995&ic=true&cit%3Aprod=ProQuest+One+Academic&_a=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%3D%3D&_s=EBhbqfSQnMi4xWRUo68yyGsjoW4%3D|archive-date=2021-11-09|via=ProQuest}} Since 1914, the Navy's Directorate of Hydrography and Navigation ({{Langx|pt|Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegação}}) has been based on Ilha Fiscal. After the Oceanographic Institute of the University of São Paulo, the Directorate was the second institution in Brazil to carry out oceanographic research.{{Cite book|last=Sedrez|first=Lise Fernanda|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/305435866/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|title='The bay of all beauties': State and environment in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1875–1975|publisher=Stanford University|year=2005|pages=139 (155)|chapter=To Protect and Defend: The Navy|access-date=2021-11-09|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109232408/https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/ORIG/2/BIv9I?cit%3Aauth=Sedrez%2C+Lise+Fernanda&cit%3Atitle=%E2%80%98The+bay+of+all+beauties%E2%80%99%3A+%2AState+and+environment+in+Guanabara+Bay%2C+Rio+de+Janeiro%2C+Brazil%2C+1875%E2%80%931975&cit%3Apub=ProQuest+Dissertations+and+Theses&cit%3Avol=&cit%3Aiss=&cit%3Apg=&cit%3Adate=2005&ic=true&cit%3Aprod=ProQuest+One+Academic&_a=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%3D%3D&_s=EsTKCXnZXE2Rz55XL6ojkuEa9oQ%3D|archive-date=2021-11-09|url-status=live|via=ProQuest}} Monica Hirst argumented before the meeting that resulted in the 1994 Protocol of Ouro Preto that it should not be compared to the Ilha Fiscal Ball.{{Cite news|last=Hirst|first=Monica|date=2004-12-15|title=Opiniao- O impasse Brasil-Argentina|language=pt|trans-title=Opinion – The Brazil–Argentina impasse|work=Valor Econômico – Globo|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/468193406/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-11-09|via=ProQuest}} In 2002, businessman Alexandre Accioly celebrated his 40th birthday at Ilha Fiscal.{{Cite news|last=Franco|first=Carlos|date=2005-04-11|title=Empresarios investem em novos projetos|language=pt|trans-title=Entrepreneurs Invest in New Projects|work=Jornal do Comércio|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/468078305/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-11-09|via=ProQuest}} As part of the 2005 Rio Fashion Week, designer Clara Vasconcelos showcased the Tessuti 2006 summer collection runway show held on a runway with 150 seat capacity in the form of an "A".{{Cite news|date=2005-06-08|title=Restaurante do Eike|language=pt|trans-title=Eike's Restaurant|work=O Globo|location=Rio de Janeiro|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/334572775/8CB13199B36944EFPQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-11-10|via=ProQuest}}{{Cite news|date=2005-06-11|title=Tudo novo de novo|language=pt|trans-title=Everything New Again|work=O Globo|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/334577554/8CE6847D7224944PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-11-10|via=ProQuest}}{{Cite news|date=2005-06-16|title=Fashion Rio: Evento abriga anos 70 e universo circense|language=pt|trans-title=Fashion Rio: Event hosts the 70s and the circus universe|work=Folha de S.Paulo|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/335826778/8EB7F435B1374875PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-11-10|via=ProQuest}} During the Mensalão scandal, presidential advisor Ricardo Kotscho made a public statement which Folha de S.Paulo journalist {{Interlanguage link|Clóvis Rossi|pt}} compared to the infamous ball, "where the court danced while the monarchy collapsed."{{Cite news|last=Rossi|first=Clóvis|author-link=Clóvis Rossi|date=2005-06-16|title=Clóvis Rossi: Ilha Fiscal, de novo?|language=pt|trans-title=Clóvis Rossi: Ilha Fiscal, Again?|work=Folha de S.Paulo|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/335778164/505663A3D0CD4514PQ/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2021-11-11|via=ProQuest}}
Ilha Fiscal now hosts a museum of cultural history housed in the that is maintained by the Navy of Brazil. Boat and land tours depart the nearby {{Interlanguage link|Navy Cultural Center|pt|Espaço Cultural da Marinha}} and travel to and around Ilha Fiscal.
See also
- {{C|Guanabara Bay|Guanabara Bay topics}}
- List of castles in Brazil
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Sister project links|auto=yes}}
- [http://www.ipatrimonio.org/rio-de-janeiro-ilha-fiscal#!/map=38329&loc=-22.896909458417067,-43.16638234458704,17 3-D model of the Ilha Fiscal Custom House]
{{coord|22|54|S|43|10|W|display=title|region:BR_type:isle_source:GNS-enwiki}}
Category:Atlantic islands of Brazil
Category:Entertainment events in Brazil
Category:Entertainment venues in Brazil
Category:Events in Rio de Janeiro (city)
Category:Geography of Rio de Janeiro (city)
Category:Gothic Revival architecture in Brazil
Category:Government buildings completed in 1889
Category:Government buildings in Brazil
Category:Landforms of Rio de Janeiro (state)
Category:Military installations of Brazil
Category:Military and war museums in Brazil