Immigration and Refugee Protection Act

{{Short description|2002 Canadian legislation}}

{{Infobox legislation

| short_title = Immigration and Refugee Protection Act

(IRPA)

| legislature = Parliament of Canada

| long_title = An Act respecting immigration to Canada and the granting of refugee protection to persons who are displaced, persecuted or in danger

| citation = S.C. 2001, c. 27

| territorial_extent =

| enacted_by =

| date_enacted =

| date_assented = 1 November 2001

| date_commenced = 28 June 2002

| administered_by = {{plainlist|

• IRCC
• CBSA

}}

| bill = Bill C-11

| bill_citation =

| bill_date =

| introduced_by =

| 1st_reading = 21 February 2001{{Cite web|url=https://www.parl.ca/LegisInfo/BillDetails.aspx?Language=E&billId=10095|title = C-11 (37-1) - LEGISinfo - Parliament of Canada}}

| 2nd_reading = 27 February 2001

| 3rd_reading = 13 June 2001

| committee_report = [https://www.ourcommons.ca/DocumentViewer/en/37-1/CIMM/report-1/ Report 1 - Bill C-11, An Act respecting immigration to Canada...]

| 1st_reading2 = 14 June 2001

| 2nd_reading2 = 27 September 2001

| committee_report2 = [https://www.ourcommons.ca/DocumentViewer/en/37-1/CIMM/report-2/ Report 2 - Hands Across the Border: Working Together at Our Shared Border and Abroad to Ensure, Security and Efficiency]

| white_paper = Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations

| repeals = Immigration Act, 1976

| summary =

| keywords =

| status = current

}}{{Canadian citizenship}}

{{italictitle}}

The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) ({{langx|fr|Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés}}, LIPR){{Cite canlaw|abbr=S.C.|year=2001|section=18|chapter=27|regtitle=|short title=Immigration and Refugee Protection Act|link=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/I-2.5/FullText.html|linkloc=Justice Laws}} is an Act of the Parliament of Canada, administered by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) and Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA), that replaced the Immigration Act, 1976 in 2002 as the primary federal legislation regulating immigration to Canada.Sinha, Jay, and Margaret Young. 2002. "[http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection-R/LoPBdP/LS/371/c11-e.htm#GENERALtxt General Matters Relating to the Bill]" in Bill C-11: Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (revised). Ottawa: Government of Canada Publications. Retrieved 2009-12-12. The "Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations" (IRPR){{Cite canlaw|year=2002|regtitle=Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations|link=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/sor-2002-227/page-1.html|linkloc=Justice Laws|regnumber=SOR/2002-227|type=reg}} specify how provisions of IRPA are to be applied.

Coming into force on 28 June 2002, the Act created a high-level framework detailing the goals and guidelines the Canadian government has set with regard to immigration to Canada by foreign residents. The Act also sprouted controversy regarding the government's failure to implement a component of the legislation that would have established a Refugee Appeal Division as part of Canada's immigration system.

The minister of public safety and emergency preparedness, who oversees agencies such as the CBSA, is responsible for administrating the Act as it relates to examinations at ports of entry (POEs); enforcement, including arrests, detentions, removals, and policy establishment; and inadmissibility on the grounds of security, organized criminality, or violation of international rights (incl. human rights). The minister of immigration, refugees and citizenship, who oversees the IRCC, is responsible for governing the Act overall.

The Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB) is an independent administrative tribunal that is responsible for making well-reasoned decisions of immigration and refugee matters, efficiently, fairly, and in accordance with the law.