Indians in Italy
{{short description|Ethnic group}}
{{Refimprove|date=November 2008}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Indians in Italy
| total = 203,052
| total_year = January 1, 2022
| total_source =
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| poptime =
| langs = Italian, English, Languages of India
| rels = Sikhism, Ravidassia, Hinduism, Religions of India, Christianity
| related-c = Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin, Desi, Chinese in Italy, Sri Lankans in Italy, Pakistanis in Italy, Bangladeshis in Italy
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| related_groups =
}}
Indians in Italy comprise the second largest population of Indians in Continental Europe, after Indians in Germany.{{Cite web |title=Demographic Balance |url=https://demo.istat.it/app/?i=P03&a=2021&l=en |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=demo.istat.it}}{{Cite web |title=Bevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Migrationshintergrund im weiteren Sinn nach ausgewählten Geburtsstaaten |url=https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Bevoelkerung/Migration-Integration/Tabellen/migrationshintergrund-staatsangehoerigkeit-staaten.html |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Statistisches Bundesamt |language=de}} Although Italy and India have maintained important relations since ancient times, significant Indian migration to Italy is a recent phenomenon. Many Indians began immigrating to Italy in the early 1990s, when the Italian government initiated programs to get Indian IT professionals and engineers to contribute to the technology sector in Italy. Most Indian immigrants came to Italy legally.
Many immigrants came from Punjab as entrepreneurs active in the restaurant and retail fields associated with Italy's large tourism industry. About half of the total Indian migrant population in Italy lives in the central and northern regions of the country, especially in Rome and Milan. Lombardy hosts the most important Indian community with 47,743 people.
The Indian community has integrated successfully into Italian life, and local authorities and people are impressed with their contributions to the Italian economy. They have been found to be generally very industrious, business-minded, entrepreneurial and law-abiding.http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/not_in_website/syndication/monitoring/media_reports/2193866.stm Italian Indians: the other side of migration
Most Indians have retained their religious practices, mainly Hinduism and Sikhism. There are numerous temples and gurdwaras as well as ISKCON centres. There are also many Christians from Kerala.
Dairy industry
The production of many Italian cheeses, including Parmigiano-Reggiano, Grana Padano, and mozzarella, depends significantly on immigrant labour.{{cite news|last1=Mitzman|first1=Dany|title=The Sikhs who saved Parmesan|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-33149580|access-date=1 February 2018|work=BBC News|date=25 June 2015}}[https://www.mea.gov.in/images/pdf/PatternsofMigrationfromPunjabtoItaly.pdf Migration from Punjab to Italy in the Dairy Sector: The Quiet Indian Revolution]{{cite news|title=The Sikh migrants keeping Italy's mozzarella industry alive|url=http://www.newsweek.com/italymozzarellabuffalofarmcheesesikhshindupunjabindiapakistan-604906|access-date=1 February 2018|work=Newsweek|date=13 May 2015|language=en}} Starting in the 1990s, Indians have come to dominate the labour force of the Italian dairy industry in this niche. 60% of the workers in the Parmesan industry are Sikh.
Most Indians in Italy settle in the north of the country and work in agriculture.{{cite news|title=Now, Indian agricultural workers flock to Italy|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/the-global-indian-takeover/now-indian-agricultural-workers-flock-to-italy/articleshow/3190373.cms|access-date=1 February 2018|work=The Economic Times|date=4 July 2008}}[http://www.integrazionemigranti.gov.it/Areetematiche/PaesiComunitari-e-associazioniMigranti/Documents/ES_INDIA_en.pdf The Indian Community:Annual Report on the Presence of Migrants in Italy - Executive Summary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202071644/http://www.integrazionemigranti.gov.it/Areetematiche/PaesiComunitari-e-associazioniMigranti/Documents/ES_INDIA_en.pdf |date=2018-02-02 }} published by the Ministry of Labour and Social Policies (Italy) The Po Valley is similar in climate to the Punjab, where most of these Sikh workers are from. Their first jobs tend to be directly with the cows and buffalos, as many come from farming families, but some move on to become cheesemakers, which is better paying.{{cite news|last1=Duttagupta|first1=Ishani|title=Dairy workers from Punjab keep Italy's Parmesan industry going|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nri/working-abroad/dairy-workers-from-punjab-keep-italys-parmesan-industry-going/articleshow/11581550.cms|access-date=1 February 2018|work=The Economic Times|date=2012}}
it:Coldiretti, which Politico Europe describes as Italy's most important farming union{{cite news|title=Italian farmers' union flexes its political muscle|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/italian-farmers-union-flexes-its-political-muscle/|access-date=1 February 2018|work=POLITICO|date=23 November 2017}} and civic authorities in the region acknowledge that the immigrants are indispensable for agriculture in general and the dairy industry in particular.{{cite news|last1=Povoledo|first1=Elisabetta|title=In Italian Heartland, Indians Keep the Cheese Coming|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/08/world/europe/08iht-italy08.html|access-date=1 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=7 September 2011}} The dairy workers themselves (bergamini) tend to belong to the Italian General Confederation of Labour.
Notable individuals
{{further information|:Category:Italian people of Indian descent}}
See also
{{Portal|India|Italy}}
Notes
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/not_in_website/syndication/monitoring/media_reports/2193866.stm Italian Indians: the other side of migration]
{{Indian diaspora}}
{{Immigration to Italy}}