Insurgency in Paraguay

The 1989 fall of the Stroessner dictatorship in Paraguay fueled the rapid development of previously banned, left-wing political groups. In 1990 current EPP leader Oviedo Britez enrolled in the theology faculty of the Catholic University of Asuncion.{{cite web|url=http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/la-seguridad/11155.pdf|title=The Paraguayan People's Army:A new rebel group or simple bandits?|work=Friedrich Albert Stiftung|date=February 2015|access-date=25 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225225520/http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/la-seguridad/11155.pdf|archive-date=25 February 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}

In 1992 Britez was expelled from the theology study course, becoming increasingly interested in political change through revolutionary armed struggle. Britez, Juan Arrom Suhurt and Britez's fiancée Carmen Villalba soon created the core of Partido Patria Libre, Paraguayan People's Army's precursor. Between 1995 and 1996 Britez and Villalba allegedly received military training from Chile's Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front.

In 1997 MPL carried its first act of expropriation by unsuccessfully attempting a bank robbery in the town of Choré. All six robbers were detained by a local police unit, and later received a three-year sentence. Following the release of its members in early 2000, MPL launched a recruiting campaign and adopted kidnapping as its main source of funds.

Its first significant action was the 2001 kidnapping of María Edith Bordón de Debernardi. Her husband, businessman Antonio Debernardi, paid $1 million for her release.{{cite web|url=http://www.theamericaspostes.com/3108/farc-advised-paraguayan-guerrillas-in-kidnapping-entrepreneur/|title=FARC-EPP links|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910195756/http://www.theamericaspostes.com/3108/farc-advised-paraguayan-guerrillas-in-kidnapping-entrepreneur/|archive-date=10 September 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}} On 2 July 2004, police captured Oviedo Britez and Carmen Villalba in Ñemby, on the outskirts of Asunción. A search of the couple's house in the city of San Lorenzo followed the arrest; intelligence materials and operating manuals were seized. Following Britez's and Villalba's detention, Osmar Martínez and Osvaldo Villalba became EPP's new field commanders.

In 2004, the group kidnapped Cecilia Cubas, the daughter of former president of Paraguay Raúl Cubas. Despite receiving a ransom of $300,000, the kidnappers killed her.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4272633.stm|title=Cubas Kidnapping|date=17 February 2005|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909201133/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4272633.stm|archive-date=9 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}} After the PPL was taken apart by security forces in 2005, several members decided to form a new group with which to continue the armed struggle,{{cite news|last=Díaz|first=Natalia Ruiz|title=Paraguay: Controversy Over Troop Deployment|url=http://www.soaw.org/presente/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=298&Itemid=74|date=May 4, 2010|newspaper=¡Presente!|access-date=April 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407101511/http://www.soaw.org/presente/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=298&Itemid=74|archive-date=April 7, 2014|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}} adopting its current name in 2008.{{cite web|url=http://blogs.blouinnews.com/blouinbeatpolitics/2013/08/28/paraguays-little-insurgent-problem/|title=EPP Origins|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927131303/http://blogs.blouinnews.com/blouinbeatpolitics/2013/08/28/paraguays-little-insurgent-problem/|archive-date=27 September 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}

EPP's ideology was first outlined in a book called "Francist 21st Century Revolution", written by Britez in prison. The book is named after Jose Gaspar Rodriguez de Francia, a dictator who ruled over Paraguay between 1814 and 1841, and incorporates elements of Bolivarianism and Marxism–Leninism.

The majority of EPP's members reportedly belong to eight families. Despite its limited size, EPP enjoys the support of the local population in the areas that it controls.

Apart from the use of abductions EPP also engaged in cattle raiding, extortion, robberies and drug trade operations. The latter was facilitated with the aid of FARC; although EPP initially only extorted drug producers, reports indicate the presence of EPP's own marijuana plantations. An EPP communique denied any involvement in the drug trade, accusing the government of propaganda.

In August 2014 EPP agents Albino Larrea and Alfredo Jara Larrea formed a splinter faction known as ACA. ACA's initial strength amounted to 13 fighters, but as many as five of their fighters were allegedly killed in clashes with security forces in September 2014. The ACA was rendered defunct by 2016 after the remainder of its militants were killed by the government in 2015.{{cite web|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/internacional/20190507/462110251546/reaparece-en-paraguay-grupo-guerrillero-que-se-dio-por-desarticulado-en-2015.html|title=Reaparece en Paraguay grupo guerrillero que se dio por desarticulado en 2015|date=7 May 2019|website=La Vanguardia|access-date=8 May 2019}} An additional EPP splinter faction formed called Ejército de Mariscal López (EML), some of whose members later reconstituted ACA in 2017.

In 2015 former comrade of the EPP founders and ex-member Cristóbal Olazar criticized the Paraguayan government for using the EPP as a resource, and not honestly trying to end their existence. He argues that the government use their existence as an excuse to expand government resources and corrupt officials participate in EPP drug trafficking.{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/31/paraguay-guerrillas-epp-aca|title=In Paraguay's remote north guerrillas are still at large, armed and dangerous|date=31 August 2015|website=The Guardian|access-date=8 August 2019}}

By 2018 the EPP began staging attacks against Mennonite communities located in areas strategic to marijuana trafficking. These areas are also contested by Brazilian gangs Comando Vermelho, and Primeiro Comando da Capital.{{cite web|url=https://www.insightcrime.org/news/brief/paraguay-epp-marijuana-trade-expansion/|title=Is Paraguay's EPP Expanding Role in Marijuana Trade?|date=19 January 2018|website=Insight Crime|access-date=8 August 2019}}

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• On 27 August, a pair of policemen encountered an EPP column in the area of Yasy Cañy, Canindeyú. The resulting skirmish led to the death of one policeman.

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• On 31 July, a group of five militants abducted farm owner Luis Alberto Lindstron; the incident took place in the zone of Kuruzú de Hierro. Two rebels were wounded after a firefight with security forces that took place as the kidnappers were withdrawing.
• On 12 September, Alberto Lindstron was released from captivity after his relatives paid a $120,000 ransom.

• On 1 August, police discovered an EPP forest encampment in the Concepción department. The occupants managed to escape after briefly firing shots. Food, plans for future activities, and approximately $27,900 were seized.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}
• On 29 August, EPP militants detonated an IED at the Paraguayan Palace of Justice. The explosion caused minor property damage.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}
• On 15 October, insurgents abducted Fidel Zavala, a rancher from the region of Concepción. Before leaving, the rebels booby-trapped Zavala's vehicle; two policemen were wounded while investigating his disappearance.
• On 31 December, EPP members attacked a small military outpost in the San Pedro department, stealing weapons and burning it to the ground.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

File:EPP Commandant.jpg

• In early January, Fidel Zavala was freed from captivity following a ransom of $550,000. Thirty cattle were also distributed among Concepción's poor communities.
• On 21 April, a shootout between EPP members and security forces in Arroyito left one policeman and three private guards dead.{{cite web|url=http://www.coha.org/the-paraguayan-peoples-army-epp-%E2%80%93-a-new-insurgent-group-with-an-old-time-political-ideology/|title=Council on Hemispheric Affairs|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906021132/http://www.coha.org/the-paraguayan-peoples-army-epp-%E2%80%93-a-new-insurgent-group-with-an-old-time-political-ideology/|archive-date=6 September 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• In May, four security guards were killed by EPP militants after accidentally discovering an EPP encampment. Following the incident, a 30-day state of emergency was declared in five provinces, with 3,000 soldiers and police deployed to combat the rebels.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p89wJNhtfOY|title=Al Jazeera Report|website=YouTube|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151219144214/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p89wJNhtfOY|archive-date=19 December 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtAzoVTajOM|title=France 24 Report|website=YouTube|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151219143234/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtAzoVTajOM|archive-date=19 December 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• In July, EPP member Severiano Martinez was killed in a shootout with police.{{cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/la-policia-mata-a-severiano-martinez-hombre-fuerte-del-epp-38423|title=Google Translate|access-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312103638/https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paraguay.com%2Fnacionales%2Fla-policia-mata-a-severiano-martinez-hombre-fuerte-del-epp-38423|archive-date=12 March 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 22 September, in Hugua Ñandú, Paraguay, an armed assailant fired upon a police patrol vehicle. The attack damaged the windows of the vehicle but caused no casualties. No group claimed responsibility for the attack, but authorities suspected the EPP was responsible for the attack.{{cite web|url=http://anteriores.lanacion.com.py/noticias/noticias_um.php?not=327689&fecha=2010/09/23.|title=Miembros del EPP Habrian Disparado Contra Una Patrullera Policial en "Alegria"|work=La Nación|access-date=2019-11-25}}{{Dead link|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{cite web|url=https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/IncidentSummary.aspx?gtdid=201009220027|title=Paraguay Search Results|work=Global Terrorism Database|access-date=2019-11-25}}
• On 24 September, high-ranking EPP members Nimio Cardozo and Gabriel Zárate Cardozo were killed in a police operation.{{cite web|url=http://dialogo-americas.com/en_GB/articles/saii/features/main/2012/12/11/feature-01|title=Dialogo Americas Article|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906022014/http://dialogo-americas.com/en_GB/articles/saii/features/main/2012/12/11/feature-01|archive-date=6 September 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}

• On 12 January, in the Carlos Antonio López Square and the Cerro Cora television facilities in the Saxony area of Asunción, unknown militants placed an improvised explosive device in a trash can. Subsequently, the police discovered and deactivated the IED safely, preventing casualties or damage to property. No group claimed responsibility, although the authorities believed that the EPP was responsible.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}
• On 17 January, explosive devices planted by EPP militants injured five people in the town of Horqueta.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}
• In April, a police officer and three ranch workers were killed by EPP militants.{{cite journal|url=http://www.economist.com/node/16116959|title=Economist Article|journal=Economist|date=13 May 2010|access-date=15 August 2014}}
• On 25 January, in San Juan Nepomuceno, Caazapá, local politician Julio Rubén Pereira was kidnapped by militants of the EPP. The EPP demanded a million dollars from the Pereira family for his release or, as an alternative, demanded that the Paraguayan government release Miguel López Perito, leader of the Cabinet and the April 10 Movement in exchange for Pereira. On 29 January, around 4:00 AM, Peira managed to escape captivity and returned home. The EPP claimed responsibility through an email.{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/familia-de-politico-desaparecido-responde-al-epp-no-tenemos-dinero-62314|title=Familia de político desaparecido responde al EPP: "No tenemos dinero"|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=2019-11-25}}{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/el-epp-se-atribuye-secuestro-de-politico-de-izquierda-62269|title=El EPP se atribuye secuestro de político de izquierda|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=2019-11-25}}
• In May, Jesús Ortiz, an EPP logistics coordinator, was captured.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}
• In July, the EPP claimed responsibility for sabotaging a farm in the Concepción department, in which farm machinery was destroyed.
• On 21 September, two police officers were killed after a group of EPP militants attacked their outpost near Horqueta with explosives and automatic weapons. The insurgents reportedly stole weapons and ammunition from the encampment before fleeing.{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/articulos/epp-mata-a-dos-policias-al-atacar-una-subcomisaria-de-horqueta-anoche-311266.html|title=EPP mata a dos policías al atacar una subcomisaría de Horqueta, anoche - Articulos - ABC Color|first=ABC|last=Color|access-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204102252/http://www.abc.com.py/articulos/epp-mata-a-dos-policias-al-atacar-una-subcomisaria-de-horqueta-anoche-311266.html|archive-date=4 February 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}

• In September, one policeman was killed and one was seriously injured after an EPP attack in the town of Azotey.{{cite web|url=http://www.pulsamerica.co.uk/2012/09/10/paraguay-epp-attacks-leave-two-dead/|title=Pulsa America|date=9 October 2012|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906021650/http://www.pulsamerica.co.uk/2012/09/10/paraguay-epp-attacks-leave-two-dead/|archive-date=6 September 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 13 October, an explosive device detonated on the property of Arturo Urbieta, the local mayor, near Horqueta, Concepción. The device targeted a Paraguay National Administration of Electricity (ANDE) power transmission tower in the area. There were no reported casualties in the blast. The EPP claimed responsibility for the attack.{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/ataque-explosivos-frente-granja-intendente-horqueta-n568858.html|title=Ataque con explosivos frente a granja de intendente de Horqueta|work=Ultima Hora|date=13 October 2012 |access-date=2019-11-25}}{{cite web|url=https://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/bomba-explota-en-casa-de-padres-del-intendente-de-horqueta/|title=Explota bomba en casa de Intendente ¿Será el EPP?|work=Hoy|access-date=2019-11-25}}{{cite web|url=http://m.elnordestino.com/post.php?id=713|title=Nuevo ataque del EPP esta vez en la granja del intendente de Horqueta Arturo Urbieta|work=El Nordestino|access-date=2019-11-25}}
• On 16 November, authorities detained three members of the EPP's logistics branch in the area of Tacuatí.

• On 19 February, gunmen opened fire on Benjamin Lezcano outside his home in Concepción, Concepción. Lezcano, the leader of the Committee of Rural Workers, was killed in the attack. The EPP claimed responsibility for the incident.{{cite web|url=https://www.notimerica.com/politica/noticia-paraguay-asesinan-lider-campesino-benjamin-lezcano-20130220060958.html|title=Asesinan al líder campesino Benjamín Lezcano|work=Notimerica|date=20 February 2013|access-date=2019-11-25}}
• On 21 April, a roadside bomb detonated near a police patrol in Azotey, Concepción. One officer was killed and three were wounded in the attack. Armed assailants attacked a police station in Concepción department. One attacker was killed and two policemen were wounded in the ensuing gunfire. The attack was committed in response to the murder of a local peasant leader.{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/muere-un-policia-en-segundo-ataque-en-kurusu-de-hierro-93261|title=Muere un policía en segundo ataque en Kurusu de Hierro|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/suplementos/judicial/ataque-criminal-el-dia-en-que-el-epp-atento-contra-comisaria-y-un-convoy-1586784.html|title=Ataque criminal: El día en que el EPP atentó contra comisaría y un convoy|work=Color Abc|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 30 May, the cattleman, logger, and former mayor of Tacuatí, Luis Alberto Lindstron, was assassinated.{{Cite web |url=http://archivo.abc.com.py/2008-08-02/articulos/437899/vuelve-el-secuestro-y-exigen-us-1-millon-por-ganadero |title=- ABC Color |access-date=2017-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112642/http://archivo.abc.com.py/2008-08-02/articulos/437899/vuelve-el-secuestro-y-exigen-us-1-millon-por-ganadero |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=live }}
• In June, a rancher was killed by EPP militants.{{cite web |url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-launches-anti-guerrilla-offensive-after-rancher-assassination |title=Paraguay Launches Anti-Guerrilla Offensive After Rancher Assassination – InSight Crime | Organized Crime in the Americas |publisher=InSight Crime |date=2013-06-03 |access-date=2014-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407083859/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-launches-anti-guerrilla-offensive-after-rancher-assassination |archive-date=2014-04-07 |url-status=live }}
• In August, five people were killed by suspected EPP militants near San Pedro de Ycuamandiyú.{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-23750287 |title=BBC News – Paraguay 'EPP leftist rebels' kill five in San Pedro |publisher=Bbc.com |date=2013-08-18 |access-date=2014-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140604010546/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-23750287 |archive-date=2014-06-04 |url-status=live }}
• On 15 August, Paraguay's new President Horacio Cartes announced an assault on the EPP, sending 400 troops to the north of the country.{{cite web |url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/100-days-in-paraguay-presidents-war-on-epp-sees-little-headway |title=100 Days In, Paraguay President's War on EPP Sees Little Progress – InSight Crime | Organized Crime in the Americas |publisher=InSight Crime |date=2013-11-22 |access-date=2014-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407083902/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/100-days-in-paraguay-presidents-war-on-epp-sees-little-headway |archive-date=2014-04-07 |url-status=live }}
• On 17 August, assailants abducted six people from the Lagunita cattle ranch in Tacuatí, San Pedro. The assailants killed five of the abductees, but one escaped or was released and reported the incident to the police. The attackers then ambushed the police when the officers responded, injuring one police officer. The EPP claimed responsibility for this incident.{{cite web|url=http://www.maplandia.com/paraguay/news/paraguay-leftist-rebels-kill-five-2013-august-18.html|title=Paraguay 'leftist rebels' kill five|work=Maplandia|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.notimerica.com/politica/noticia-paraguay-ascienden-cinco-fallecidos-supuesta-emboscada-epp-tacuati-20130819033824.html|title=Paraguay.- Ascienden a cinco los fallecidos por la supuesta emboscada del EPP en Tacuatí|work=Notimerica|date=19 August 2013|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.americaeconomia.com/politica-sociedad/politica/encuentran-quinto-cadaver-tras-presunto-ataque-del-epp-en-hacienda-de-par|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109141431/http://www.americaeconomia.com/politica-sociedad/politica/encuentran-quinto-cadaver-tras-presunto-ataque-del-epp-en-hacienda-de-par|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 9, 2017|title=Encuentran quinto cadáver tras presunto ataque del EPP en hacienda de Paraguay|work=America Economia|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/ultimas_noticias/2013/08/130818_ultnot_paraguay_muertes_epp_cch|title=Paraguay refuerza seguridad por supuesta acción de EPP|work=BBC News|date=18 August 2013|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 1 October, assailants detonated an IED and opened fire on a vehicle transporting human rights trainers near Tacuatí, San Pedro. At least one police officer was killed and seven other people were injured in the assault.{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/enfrentamiento-policias-y-desconocidos-tacuati-n727550.html|title=Enfrentamiento entre policías y desconocidos en Tacuatí|work=Ultima Hora|date=October 2013 |access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.notimerica.com/politica/noticia-paraguay-policia-muerto-cuatro-heridos-supuesto-ataque-epp-contra-convoy-ministerio-interior-20131002032945.html|title=Paraguay.- Un policía muerto y cuatro heridos por un supuesto ataque del EPP contra un convoy del Ministerio de Interior|work=Notimerica|date=2 October 2013|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 10 October, assailants detonated explosive devices and opened fire on police vehicles in Horqueta, Concepción. Police Chief Manuel Escurra was killed, and two other police officers were injured in the attack. In another incident, militants attempted to kidnap a civilian rancher in Horqueta, Concepción. The outcome of the kidnapping attempt is unknown.{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/estallido-ataque-policias-se-escucho-el-centro-horqueta-n734276.html|title=Estallido en ataque a policías se escuchó en el centro de Horqueta|work=UltimaHora|date=24 October 2013 |access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/un-comisario-asesinado-y-dos-agentes-heridos-deja-el-nuevo-ataque-del-epp-n734142.html|title=Un comisario asesinado y dos agentes heridos deja el nuevo ataque del EPP|work=Ultima Hora|date=24 October 2013 |access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.notimerica.com/politica/noticia-paraguay-policia-muerto-dos-heridos-ataque-epp-noroeste-paraguay-20131024155000.html|title=Paraguay.- Un policía muerto y dos heridos tras un ataque del EPP en el noroeste de Paraguay|work=Notimerica|date=24 October 2013|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 8 December, EPP guerrillas killed a rancher and a Paraguayan Air Force sergeant in two separate attacks.{{cite web|url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-launches-anti-guerrilla-offensive-after-rancher-assassination|title=Insight Crime|access-date=15 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407083859/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-launches-anti-guerrilla-offensive-after-rancher-assassination|archive-date=7 April 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/judiciales-y-policiales/inhuman-restos-de-primer-militar-muerto-por-el-epp-648368.html|title=Inhuman restos de primer militar muerto por el EPP - Edicion Impresa|publisher=ABC Color|language=es|access-date=2019-05-29}}

• On 2 April, 2 EPP guerillas and a soldier were killed after an attack against a Brazilian-owned property in the Concepción department. One of the two EPP members was the group's reported third-in-command. The insurgents managed to kidnap the 16-year-old son of farmers during their escape.{{cite web |url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-lauds-heavy-blow-to-epp-after-leaders-death |title=Paraguay Lauds Heavy Blow to EPP After Leader's Killing – InSight Crime | Organized Crime in the Americas |publisher=InSight Crime |date=2014-04-03 |access-date=2014-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407082208/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-lauds-heavy-blow-to-epp-after-leaders-death |archive-date=2014-04-07 |url-status=live }}
• On 29 April, militants robbed a van carrying tactical police gear in Horqueta, Concepción. There were no reported casualties; however, the assailants stole cell phones, cash, and police gear.{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/grupo-armado-asalta-a-un-hombre-en-kurusu-de-hierro-1249360.html|title=Asaltan a un comerciante en zona del EPP|work=Color ABC|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/roban-armas-y-uniformes-1240425.html|title=Roban armas y uniformes|work=Color ABC|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 16 June, militants burned the Yaguarate Hu estate on fire in Tacuatí, Concepción. There were no reported casualties; however, the building was damaged in the attack.{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/desconocidos-queman-retiro-de-estancia-en-zona-del-epp-110205|title=Queman retiro de estancia en zona del EPP|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/desconocidos-queman-retiro-tacuati-n804322.html|title=Desconocidos queman retiro en Tacuatí|work=Ultima Hora|date=17 June 2014 |access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 4–5 July, a police officer was kidnapped in the north of the country, a day after an electricity tower was bombed near Wye in the Concepción department. The attack disrupted the electricity supply to approximately 90,000 residents, most of them in Pedro Juan Caballero in the neighboring Amambay department. Damages were estimated at over $1 million in total.{{cite web |url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/attacks-sign-of-growing-epp-strength-in-paraguay-despite-security-crackdown |title=Attacks Sign of Growing EPP Strength in Paraguay Despite Security Crackdown |publisher=InSight Crime |date=2014-07-10 |access-date=2014-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713214454/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/attacks-sign-of-growing-epp-strength-in-paraguay-despite-security-crackdown |archive-date=2014-07-13 |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=http://www.lanacion.com.py/articulo/170167-atentado-contra-la-ande-causo-perdida-por-us-1-millon-al-comercio-de-pedro-juan.html|title=Sabotage Damage (La Nacion)|access-date=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827092732/http://www.lanacion.com.py/articulo/170167-atentado-contra-la-ande-causo-perdida-por-us-1-millon-al-comercio-de-pedro-juan.html|archive-date=27 August 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}
• On 27 July, guerrillas opened fire on a police vehicle in Arroyito, Concepción. There were no reported casualties in the attack.{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/politica/celula-del-epp-que-ataco-blindado-tendria-secuestrado-al-suboficial-1270802.html|title=Célula del EPP que atacó blindado tendría secuestrado al suboficial|work=Color ABC|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 6 August, guerrillas abducted two Japanese citizens in Chinguelo, Amambay. Both victims were released three hours later after paying a ransom of $50,000. The EPP claimed responsibility for the incident.{{cite web|url=http://m.paraguay.com/nacionales/vinculan-al-epp-en-secuestro-express-113339|title=Vinculan al EPP en secuestro express|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.pedrojuandigital.com/m/post.php?id=3449|title=Víctima de secuestro exprés realizó denuncia|work=Pedro Juan Digital|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
• On 3–5 September, guerrillas burned La Novia animal pen in Arroyito, Concepción. There were no reported casualties in the attack. Two days later, militants attacked another ranch in Arroyito, Concepción.{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/ataque-del-epp-arroyito-n827154.html|title=Ataque del EPP en Arroyito|work=Ultima Hora|access-date=2019-11-26|archive-date=2016-12-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214115116/http://www.ultimahora.com/ataque-del-epp-arroyito-n827154.html|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=https://www.launion.com.py/nuevo-ataque-a-estancia-santa-adelia-1319.html|title=Nuevo ataque a estancia "Santa Adelia"|work=La Unión|date=6 September 2014|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/atacan-estancia-en-el-norte-115141/pagina/6|title=Atacan estancia en el norte|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 8 September, a faction splintered from the EPP, forming the Armed Peasant Association (ACA), which also fights the government. Led by brothers Albino and Alfredo Jara Larrea, this splinter group was believed to number around 13 fighters by the time of its foundation.
• On 12 September, a Fuerzas de Tarea Conjunta (FTC) counter-insurgency team raided a house in Concepción department. Two suspected EPP members were killed in the raid.{{cite web|url=http://country.eiu.com/article.aspx?articleid=52291989&Country=Paraguay&topic=Politics&subtopic=Forecast&subsubtopic=Political+stability&u=1&pid=1462382530&oid=1462382530&uid=1|title=Counter-insurgency unit kills two in bungled raid|date=18 September 2014|access-date=4 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020165810/http://country.eiu.com/article.aspx?articleid=52291989&Country=Paraguay&topic=Politics&subtopic=Forecast&subsubtopic=Political+stability&u=1&pid=1462382530&oid=1462382530&uid=1|archive-date=20 October 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 19 September, three ACA members were killed and two others injured in an engagement with FTC members.{{cite web|url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-security-forces-deal-major-blow-to-dissident-guerrilla-group|title=Paraguay Security Forces Deal Major Blow to Dissident Guerrilla Group|first=Kyra|last=Gurney|access-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609000534/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-security-forces-deal-major-blow-to-dissident-guerrilla-group|archive-date=9 June 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 21 September, one ACA member was killed in a FTC raid.
• On 26 November, guerrillas detonated an explosive device at a military van in Cuero Fresco, Concepción. Two soldiers were killed and at least one other was injured in the blast. No group claimed responsibility for the incident.{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/dos-militares-ftc-fallecen-raiz-una-explosion-un-movil-la-senad-n851075.html|title=Dos militares de FTC fallecen a raíz de una explosión en un móvil de la Senad|work=Ultima Hora|date=27 November 2014 |access-date=2019-11-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.launion.com.py/suponen-que-lo-ocurrido-en-cuero-fresco-fue-un-atentado-2126.html|title=Suponen que lo ocurrido en Cuero Fresco, fue un atentado|work=La Union|date=27 November 2014|access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 29 December, militants opened fire on a civilian vehicle in Yby Yaú, Concepción. One person was injured in the attack. No group claimed responsibility for the incident; however, sources attributed the attack to the EPP.{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/conductor-baleado-pensaba-que-le-tiraban-piedras-n860124.html|title=Conductor baleado pensaba que le tiraban piedras|work=Ultima Hora|date=30 December 2014 |access-date=2019-11-26}}
• On 30 December, the EPP freed Arlan Fick, who had been held hostage since his kidnapping in April. A ransom of $500,000 was paid to the insurgents, and $50,000 worth of food was also distributed to two communities as part of the deal.{{cite web|url=http://www.infobae.com/2015/01/01/1618315-paraguay-esta-alerta-maxima-posibles-nuevos-secuestros-y-ataques-guerrilleros|title=Paraguay está en alerta máxima ante posibles nuevos secuestros y ataques guerrilleros|date=31 December 2014|access-date=22 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122225113/http://www.infobae.com/2015/01/01/1618315-paraguay-esta-alerta-maxima-posibles-nuevos-secuestros-y-ataques-guerrilleros|archive-date=22 January 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}

• On 5 January, Albino Jara Larrea (aka Commander Milciades Leon) - one of the leaders of the ACA - was killed in a shootout with security forces in Concepción department.{{cite web|url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/news/2015/01/07/guerrilla-leader-dies-in-shootout-with-security-forces-in-paraguay/|title=Guerrilla leader dies in shootout with security forces in Paraguay|work=Fox News Latino|access-date=24 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128122301/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/news/2015/01/07/guerrilla-leader-dies-in-shootout-with-security-forces-in-paraguay/|archive-date=28 January 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}
• On 25 January, EPP members attacked and burned parts of a farm in Azotey in the south of Concepción department. No one was injured in the attack, which was the second such incident at the same location in less than a month. In a handwritten note left on the premises, the guerrillas demanded that the farm's owner pay a $300,000 "fine" and distribute free beef to local communities as punishment for alleged deforestation before 6 February, insisting that "Nature is not ours; it's only borrowed from future generations".{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/epp-ataca-de-nuevo-122856|language=es|title=EPP ataca de nuevo|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=29 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708014257/http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/epp-ataca-de-nuevo-122856|archive-date=8 July 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}{{cite web|url=http://www.thestate.com/2015/01/29/3958303/german-couple-killed-in-paraguay.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150130081926/http://www.thestate.com/2015/01/29/3958303/german-couple-killed-in-paraguay.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 30, 2015|title=German couple killed in Paraguay, apparently by guerrillas|date=January 30, 2015|access-date=January 30, 2015|work=The State}}
• On 30 January, authorities discovered the bullet-riddled bodies of a German couple who had been kidnapped the previous day together with four local workers from a farm in Yby Yaú, Concepción, adjacent to the one attacked a few days earlier. Both German citizens had been living on the ranch for more than 30 years.{{cite web|url=http://www.dw.de/german-couple-killed-in-paraguay-by-guerrilla-kidnappers/a-18225293?maca=en-TWITTER-EN-2004-xml-mrss|title=German couple killed in Paraguay by guerrilla kidnappers|date=January 30, 2015|access-date=January 30, 2015|work=Deutsche Welle|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405225917/http://www.dw.de/german-couple-killed-in-paraguay-by-guerrilla-kidnappers/a-18225293?maca=en-TWITTER-EN-2004-xml-mrss|archive-date=April 5, 2015|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}
• On 24 March, police discovered the bodies of three farm workers on the Alegria ranch in Tacuatí. A note signed by the EPP left next to the corpses warned the farmers against using pesticides and owning weapons. A government prosecutor stated that the ranchers were killed despite complying with the demands.{{cite web|url=http://panampost.com/panam-staff/2015/03/26/paraguays-marxist-guerrilla-kill-three-farm-workers/|title=Paraguay's Marxist Guerrilla Kill Three Farm Workers|work=Panam Pos|date=26 March 2015|access-date=1 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330012323/http://panampost.com/panam-staff/2015/03/26/paraguays-marxist-guerrilla-kill-three-farm-workers/|archive-date=30 March 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 12 July, EPP militants attacked and killed two police officers. Another officer was killed in a separate attack three days later.{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/31/paraguay-guerrillas-epp-aca|title=In Paraguay's remote north guerrillas are still at large, armed and dangerous|first=Laurence|last=Blair|website=TheGuardian.com|date=31 August 2015|access-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160719175442/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/31/paraguay-guerrillas-epp-aca|archive-date=19 July 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 17 July, EPP militants killed three police officers close to the location of the 12 July attack.{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/judiciales-y-policiales/caen-miembros-del-epp-buscados-por-el-asesinato-de-cinco-policias-1448304.html|title=Caen miembros del EPP buscados por el asesinato de cinco policías - Edicion Impresa - ABC Color|first=ABC|last=Color|access-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306080709/http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/judiciales-y-policiales/caen-miembros-del-epp-buscados-por-el-asesinato-de-cinco-policias-1448304.html|archive-date=6 March 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• In course of raids in November, Paraguayan security forces killed four ACA militants, including Alfredo Jara Larrea and two other commanders of the group.{{cite news|url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-strikes-blow-against-guerrilla-group|title=Paraguay Strikes Blow Against Guerrilla Group|first=Michael|last=Lohmuller|work=InSight Crime|date=17 November 2015|access-date=1 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801205955/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/paraguay-strikes-blow-against-guerrilla-group|archive-date=1 August 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 18 December, during an army operation, a civilian farmer was shot and killed near Kurusú de Hierro, Concepción, after soldiers allegedly mistook him for an EPP member. In January 2016, his widow filed for an official investigation of the incident, with the help of Paraguayan NGO SERPAJ PY.{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/politica/solicitan-esclarecer-muerte-de-campesino-1443003.html|title=Solicitan esclarecer muerte de campesino - Edicion Impresa - ABC Color|first=ABC|last=Color|access-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204095429/http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/politica/solicitan-esclarecer-muerte-de-campesino-1443003.html|archive-date=4 February 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}

• On 17 May, the new leader of the ACA, Idilio Morínigo, was killed by security forces.
• On 18 May, one ACA fighter shot one of his comrades dead and fled with all of the 260-300 million guaraní.{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.com.py:80/nacionales/pelea-y-muerte-en-la-aca-por-g-300-millones-1481458.html |title=Pelea dentro de la ACA por unos G. 300 millones |work=abc |language=es |date=19 May 2016 |access-date=1 August 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524065519/http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/pelea-y-muerte-en-la-aca-por-g-300-millones-1481458.html |archive-date=24 May 2016 }}
• On 27 July, militants attacked a farm ~340 km north of the capital Asunción, burning a tractor and a truck and kidnapping Franz Wiebe Boschman, a Mennonite of German descent. The EPP later claimed responsibility for the attack and demanded a $700,000 ransom within 15 days in order to release the man.{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/paraguay-rebels-demand-ransom-kidnapping-mennonite-man-40968847|title=ABC News|website=ABC News|access-date=8 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807030234/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/paraguay-rebels-demand-ransom-kidnapping-mennonite-man-40968847|archive-date=7 August 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}} Wiebe Boschman was eventually released by the group on 25 February 2017.{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/liberan-a-franz-wiebe-1568502.html|title=Liberan a Franz Wiebe - Nacionales - ABC Color|last=Color|first=ABC|access-date=2017-08-01|language=es-ES|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802081527/http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/liberan-a-franz-wiebe-1568502.html|archive-date=2017-08-02|url-status=live}}
• On 27 August, EPP militants ambushed a Paraguayan military mobile patrol, traveling on a dirt road, with a roadside bomb and FN FAL battle rifles. The incident took place near Arroyito village, west of Concepción. The assailants killed a total of eight soldiers, one of them an officer and the rest non-commissioned officers. The insurgents stole their M4 carbines equipped with scopes and grenade launchers, a light machine gun, and 1,500 rounds of ammunition. This was the deadliest EPP attack to date.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-37206562|title=Suspected rebels kill eight soldiers in ambush in Paraguay - BBC News|work=BBC News|date=27 August 2016|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827230231/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-37206562|archive-date=2016-08-27|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.clarin.com/mundo/Paraguay-militares-sangriento-guerrillero-EPP_0_1639636140.html|title=Paraguay: ocho militares mueren en un sangriento atentado del grupo guerrillero EPP|last=Clarin.com|date=27 August 2016|language=es|access-date=2016-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827220247/http://www.clarin.com/mundo/Paraguay-militares-sangriento-guerrillero-EPP_0_1639636140.html|archive-date=2016-08-27|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/roban-armamentos-de-la-ftc-149922|title=Roban armamentos de la FTC - Paraguay.com|website=www.paraguay.com|language=es|access-date=2016-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828134853/http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/roban-armamentos-de-la-ftc-149922|archive-date=2016-08-28|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/notas/el-atentado-mas-cruel-del-epp-en-19-anos-1513026.html|title=El atentado más cruel del EPP en 19 años - Edicion Impresa - ABC Color|last=Color|first=ABC|language=es-ES|access-date=2016-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829124200/http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/notas/el-atentado-mas-cruel-del-epp-en-19-anos-1513026.html|archive-date=2016-08-29|url-status=live}}
• By the end of 2016, the ACA had been largely destroyed by Paraguayan security forces, and all of its leaders had been killed.

• On 10 January, suspected members of the EPP entered a house in San Pedro and attacked two Mennonite brothers in a possible failed kidnapping attempt, wounding one of them.{{cite web|url=http://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/sospechan-que-epp-intento-un-nuevo-secuestro|title=Sospechan que EPP intentó un nuevo secuestro|access-date=8 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116171603/http://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/sospechan-que-epp-intento-un-nuevo-secuestro|archive-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 6 April, EPP militants shot dead a security guard in a ranch in the Concepción department, in an assassination campaign aimed at private security guards in rural areas.{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/epp-revela-brigada-asesina-161949|title=Nueva "brigada" asesina del EPP ya acabó con dos vidas - Paraguay.com|website=www.paraguay.com|access-date=8 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012041053/http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/epp-revela-brigada-asesina-161949|archive-date=12 October 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 27 April, another security guard was killed in a ranch in the Concepción department.{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimahora.com/peon-fallece-ataque-aparente-grupo-armado-n1081438.html|title=Peón fallece tras ataque de aparente grupo armado|date=27 April 2017 |access-date=8 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012043557/http://www.ultimahora.com/peon-fallece-ataque-aparente-grupo-armado-n1081438.html|archive-date=12 October 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 24 July, Los Justicieros de la Frontera kill two brothers members of the EPP that kidnapped few days before.

• On 12 January, Abraham Fehr, a Mennonite farmer kidnapped by the EPP in 2015, was found dead in the San Pedro department, in the north of Paraguay.{{Cite news|url=http://m.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-muerte-agricultor-secuestrado-epp-reabre-debate-lucha-antiterrorista-paraguay-20180112185527.html|title=La muerte de un agricultor secuestrado por el EPP reabre el debate sobre la lucha antiterrorista en Paraguay|website=Europa Press|date=12 January 2018|access-date=27 January 2018|language=es-ES|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316030012/http://m.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-muerte-agricultor-secuestrado-epp-reabre-debate-lucha-antiterrorista-paraguay-20180112185527.html|archive-date=16 March 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
• On 31 January, an encounter between members of the Army of Marshal López (EML) and security forces was reported in Arroyito, Concepción. It is believed that some militants may have been wounded.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/ftc-a-tiros-con-miembros-del-eml-habria-heridos|title=FTC a tiros con miembros del EML: habría heridos|work=Hoy|access-date=2018-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141923/http://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/ftc-a-tiros-con-miembros-del-eml-habria-heridos|archive-date=2018-06-12|url-status=live}}
• On 5 February, the EPP released two Mennonite farmers who had been held hostage for more than five months by the guerrillas.{{Cite web |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/america-latina/2018/02/05/la-guerrilla-paraguaya-epp-libero-a-franz-hiebert-y-bernard-blatz-los-dos-menonitas-que-llevaban-5-meses-secuestrados/ |title=La guerrilla paraguaya EPP liberó a Bernard Blatz y a Franz Hiebert, los dos menonitas que llevaban 5 meses secuestrados |date=5 February 2018 |access-date=2018-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428180916/https://www.infobae.com/america/america-latina/2018/02/05/la-guerrilla-paraguaya-epp-libero-a-franz-hiebert-y-bernard-blatz-los-dos-menonitas-que-llevaban-5-meses-secuestrados/ |archive-date=2018-04-28 |url-status=live }}
• On 7 April, a policeman and a soldier were wounded during an armed attack by EPP militants in Arroyito, Concepción. The attack took place days before the national elections.{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/ftc-confirma-encuentro-con-epp-1690887.html|title=FTC confirma que fue el EPP (In Spanish)|work=ABC|access-date=2018-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930034104/http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/ftc-confirma-encuentro-con-epp-1690887.html|archive-date=2018-09-30|url-status=live}}
• On 9–11 April, a series of gunfights between guerrillas and security forces was reported in the municipality of Arroyito, Concepción. On 12 April, the militants escaped, and the army captured a guerrilla camp. This operation was harshly criticized for the lack of results despite the great mobilization of the army and the FTC forces.{{Cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/se-trata-de-un-grupo-grande-del-epp-si-no-se-entregan-seran-abatidos-176434|title=Se trata de un grupo grande del EPP: Si no se entregan serán abatidos - Paraguay.com|website=www.paraguay.com|access-date=2018-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023093103/http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/se-trata-de-un-grupo-grande-del-epp-si-no-se-entregan-seran-abatidos-176434|archive-date=2018-10-23|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/ftc-no-se-retira-del-norte-que-desaparezca-el-epp-n1145891.html|title=FTC no se retira del norte hasta que desaparezca el EPP|work=ultimahora.com|access-date=2018-10-22|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023034751/https://www.ultimahora.com/ftc-no-se-retira-del-norte-que-desaparezca-el-epp-n1145891.html|archive-date=2018-10-23|url-status=live}}
• On 5 May, a soldier belonging to the FTC committed suicide during a deployment against the EPP.{{Cite news|url=https://www.rdn.com.py/2018/05/05/militar-de-la-ftc-muere-en-el-norte/|title=Militar de la FTC muere en el norte|date=2018-05-05|work=rdn.com.py|access-date=2018-10-22|language=es-ES|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023034837/https://www.rdn.com.py/2018/05/05/militar-de-la-ftc-muere-en-el-norte/|archive-date=2018-10-23|url-status=live}}
• On 18 July, a woman was shot dead and another civilian was injured in an attack in the municipality of Tacuara. The woman had been associated with the ACA.{{cite web|url=https://www.rdn.com.py/2018/07/18/grupo-criminal-ejecuta-a-expareja-de-lider-de-la-aca/|title=Grupo criminal ejecuta a expareja de líder de la ACA|work=RDN (In Spanish)|date=18 July 2018|access-date=2018-12-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229031957/https://www.rdn.com.py/2018/07/18/grupo-criminal-ejecuta-a-expareja-de-lider-de-la-aca/|archive-date=2018-12-29|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/ejecutan-a-expareja-de-albino-jara-larrea-1722645.html|title=Ejecutan a expareja de Albino Jara Larrea|work=Color ABC (In Spanish)|access-date=2018-12-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229031854/http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/ejecutan-a-expareja-de-albino-jara-larrea-1722645.html|archive-date=2018-12-29|url-status=live}}
• On 27 July, a gunfight between members of the EPP and the FTC erupted in Arroyito, Concepción. The authorities found an improvised camp, tactical gear, and traces of blood, and they suspected that some militants were injured in the attack.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/tiroteo-arroyito-hallan-campamento-y-posibles-rastros-sangre-n1701655.html|title=Tiroteo: Hallan campamento y posibles rastros de sangre|website=ultimahora.com|date=27 July 2018 |language=es-ES|access-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226035241/https://www.ultimahora.com/tiroteo-arroyito-hallan-campamento-y-posibles-rastros-sangre-n1701655.html|archive-date=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}
• On 22 August, a gunfight between soldiers left two soldiers injured and one killed. It was later shown that the soldier who initiated the shooting was under the influence of alcohol.{{Cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/tras-enfrentamiento-en-el-norte-hallan-rastros-de-sangre-y-panfleto-180893|title=Militar fallecido en destacamento de Concepción recibió dos impactos de bala|website=www.paraguay.com|access-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226040726/http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/tras-enfrentamiento-en-el-norte-hallan-rastros-de-sangre-y-panfleto-180893|archive-date=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.lanacion.com.py/pais/2018/08/22/militar-que-mato-a-camarada-dio-positivo-al-alcotest/|title=Militar que mató a camarada dio positivo al alcotest|website=La Nación|language=es-ES|access-date=2019-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110014400/https://www.lanacion.com.py/pais/2018/08/22/militar-que-mato-a-camarada-dio-positivo-al-alcotest/|archive-date=2019-01-10|url-status=live}}
• On 5 September, the leader of the EPP Alcides Osmar Oviedo Brítez began to stand trial for being the principal suspect of the kidnapping of Arlan Fick, who had occurred on 2 April 2014. Also, on 25 September, Zunilda Jara Larrea and Juan Morínigo, members of the defunct armed group ACA, began to stand trial, after the 27 August 2016 attack against the military in Arroyito, Concepción.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rdn.com.py/2018/09/05/lider-del-epp-ira-a-juicio-oral-por-el-caso-arlan-fick/|title=Líder del EPP irá a juicio oral por el caso Arlan Fick|date=2018-09-05|website=rdn.com.py|language=es-ES|access-date=2019-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129064242/https://www.rdn.com.py/2018/09/05/lider-del-epp-ira-a-juicio-oral-por-el-caso-arlan-fick/|archive-date=2019-01-29|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/miembros-la-extinta-agrupacion-campesina-armada-iran-juicio-oral-n2747394.html|title=Miembros de la extinta Agrupación Campesina Armada irán a juicio oral|website=ultimahora.com|language=es-ES|access-date=2019-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129181356/https://www.ultimahora.com/miembros-la-extinta-agrupacion-campesina-armada-iran-juicio-oral-n2747394.html|archive-date=2019-01-29|url-status=live}}
• On 19 November, members of the EPP kidnapped and then killed a Brazilian farmer in the San Pedro department.{{Cite news|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/internacional/20181120/453070093306/gobierno-paraguayo-apunta-a-guerrilla-como-responsable-de-muerte-de-brasileno.html|title=Gobierno paraguayo apunta a guerrilla como responsable de muerte de brasileño|work=www.lavanguardia.com|access-date=2018-11-20|language=es-ES|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121212259/https://www.lavanguardia.com/internacional/20181120/453070093306/gobierno-paraguayo-apunta-a-guerrilla-como-responsable-de-muerte-de-brasileno.html|archive-date=2018-11-21|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201811/307392-ejercito-pueblo-paraguayo-secuestro-cuerpo-brasileno-departamento-san-pedro.html|title=Hallaron muerto a un brasileno presuntamente secuestrado por un grupo guerrilero|work=www.telam.com.ar|access-date=2018-11-20|language=es-ES|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120201402/http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201811/307392-ejercito-pueblo-paraguayo-secuestro-cuerpo-brasileno-departamento-san-pedro.html|archive-date=2018-11-20|url-status=live}}
• On 8 December, members of the EPP attacked a farm in San Vicente Pancholo near General Isidoro Resquín, San Pedro. The attackers burned three fumigation aircraft, one tractor, and one truck belonging to an agro-livestock local company, although no injuries were reported.{{cite web|url=http://www.nanduti.com.py/2018/12/08/ministro-del-interior-confirma-ataque-del-epp-y-asegura-que-no-hay-muertos/|title=Ministro del Interior confirma ataque del EPP y asegura que no hay muertos|work=Ñanduti Radio Digital|access-date=2019-04-12}}

• On 21 April, five armed militants from the reconstituted ACA, four men and a woman wearing camouflage fatigues, attacked a ranch in the Concepción department, setting a number of heavy vehicles on fire, among them two pickup trucks, a cart, a bulldozer, and a tractor. No casualties were reported.{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/queman-tractores-en-zona-epp-1807191.html|title=Ataque en zona del EPP - Nacionales|publisher=ABC Color|language=es|access-date=2019-05-28}}{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/ataque-estancia-habria-sido-realizado-ex-miembros-del-epp-aca-y-eml-n2814905.html|title=Ataque a estancia habría sido realizado por ex miembros del EPP, ACA y EML (In Spanish)|work=Ultima Hora|date=22 April 2019 |access-date=2019-07-07}}
• On 13 may, a gunfight between ACA and security forces in the area of Alemán Cue, Horqueta, resulted in the death of Zulma Jara Larrea, sister of Albino and Alfredo Jara Larrea.{{cite web|url=http://www.paraguay.com/nacionales/reportan-abatido-tras-enfrentamiento-en-el-norte-188643|title=Reportan abatido tras enfrentamiento en el Norte (In Spanish)|work=Paraguay.com|access-date=2019-08-15}}{{cite web|url=https://www.lanacion.com.py/pais/2019/05/13/integrante-del-aca-fallecio-tras-enfrentamiento-con-ftc/|title=Integrante de ACA falleció tras enfrentamiento con FTC|work=La Nación.com.py|access-date=2019-08-15}}
• On 8 July, a group of 20 militants, of whom five were aboriginals, led by EPP leader Osvaldo Daniel Villalba Ayala, assaulted and torched the Ñandu’i ranch, in Amambay department. The Brazilian manager of the ranch was killed.{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/judiciales-y-policiales/2019/07/10/jefe-del-epp-e-indigenas-atacan-una-estancia-y-asesinan-a-un-brasileno/|title=Jefe del EPP e indígenas atacan una estancia y asesinan a un brasileño - Judiciales y Policiales - ABC Color|website=www.abc.com.py|language=es|access-date=2019-09-28}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/2019/07/10/investigan-participacion-indigena-en-ataque-del-epp/|title=Investigan participación indígena en ataque del EPP - Nacionales|publisher=ABC Color|language=es|access-date=2019-09-28}}

• On 12 June, an ACA militant was killed in a gunfight with FTC counterinsurgency forces at Loreto.{{Cite web|title=Peligroso ex EPP es abatido en el Norte del país - Paraguay.com|url=http://paraguay.com/nacionales/peligroso-ex-epp-es-abatido-en-el-norte-del-pais-195456|access-date=2020-09-04|website=paraguay.com|language=es}}
• On 2 September, the Paraguayan Army launched an assault on a large EPP camp near Yby Yaú, 70 km northeast of Concepción, killing a number of militants, among them two female teenagers, both of them Argentine residents. A dozen EPP members fled to the jungle. The Paraguayan soldiers confiscated a number of weapons and equipment. A Paraguayan officer was wounded.{{Cite news|date=2020-09-03|title=Paraguay desmantela uno de los principales bastiones de la guerrilla del EPP|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/el-mundo/paraguay-desmantela-uno-principales-bastiones-guerrilla-del-nid2439762|access-date=2020-09-04|newspaper=La Nación|language=es}}{{Cite web|date=2020-09-03|title=Two women who make up the EPP were killed in the confrontation in Yby Yaú|url=https://www.explica.co/two-women-who-make-up-the-epp-were-killed-in-the-confrontation-in-yby-yau/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200907073045/https://www.explica.co/two-women-who-make-up-the-epp-were-killed-in-the-confrontation-in-yby-yau/|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 7, 2020|access-date=2020-09-04|website=Latest News, Breaking News, Top News Headlines|language=en-US}} It was later revealed that the two teenagers killed were actually 11-year-old cousins who had traveled from Argentina to Paraguay to spend time with their parents, who were members of the EPP.{{Cite news|title=Argentina demands Paraguay investigates deaths of two girls|date=September 3, 2021|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/9/3/argentina-demands-paraguay-investigate-deaths-of-two-girls|website=Al Jazeera|accessdate=September 4, 2021}}
• On 9 September, the Paraguayan government confirmed that former Vice President Óscar Denis and one of his employees were kidnapped by members of the EPP not far from the site of the guerrilla camp assaulted by the army the week before. The pickup vehicle operated by the two men was found abandoned with propaganda leaflets scattered around.{{Cite web|title=Paraguay: el gobierno confirmó que el grupo EPP está detrás del secuestro del ex vicepresidente Denis|url=https://www.cronista.com/internacionales/Paraguay-el-gobierno-confirmo-que-el-grupo-EPP-esta-detras-del-secuestro-del-ex-vicepresidente-Denis-20200911-0043.html|access-date=2020-09-12|website=El Cronista|date=11 September 2020 |language=es-ES}} Authorities believed that the kidnapping was a retaliatory strike from the EPP due to the deaths of the 11-year-old Argentine girls the week before.

• On 2 April, the ACA killed a disabled man trying to kidnap him.{{Cite web|title=Pericia confirma que policías y guardia de San Alfredo fueron asesinados por terroristas de ACA-EP|url=https://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/2021/08/05/pericia-confirma-que-policias-y-guardia-de-san-alfredo-fueron-asesinados-por-terroristas-de-aca-ep/|access-date=2022-08-15|website=www.abc.com.py}}
• On 12 June, the ACA killed a brazilian worker trying to kidnap him.{{Cite web|title=ACA-EP en tres meses asesinados tres civiles|url=https://www.abc.com.py/nacionales/2021/07/06/en-tres-meses-aca-ep-recorrio-284-kilometros-cometio-ocho-golpes-y-mato-a-tres-civiles/|access-date=2022-08-15|website=www.abc.com.py}}
• In late June, four heavily armed members of the ACA kidnapped Jorge Ríos Barreto, the 24-year-old son of a farm owner in the Concepción department, leaving behind a $200,000 ransom note. On 3 July, Ríos' body was found on the bank of a nearby river with a bullet hole in his neck.{{Cite news|last=Booth|first=Amy|title=Tiny Guerrilla Group Behind Wave of Kidnappings and Killings in Paraguay|date=August 4, 2021|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/tiny-guerrilla-group-behind-wave-of-kidnappings-and-killings-in-paraguay/|website=Vice|access-date=September 4, 2021}}
• On 29 July, EPP militants attacked an FTC convoy in the San Pedro department with a bomb, killing three soldiers.{{Cite news|title=Three military personnel confirmed dead in bomb attack in Paraguay|date=July 30, 2021|url=https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/three-military-personnel-confirmed-dead-in-a-bomb-attack-in-paraguay/|website=The Rio Times|accessdate=September 4, 2021}}
• On 1 August, two militants of the EML were killed in a clash with the soldiers.{{Cite web|title=Dos abatidos integraban la guerrilla paraguaya Ejército del Mariscal López|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/paraguay-guerrilla_dos-abatidos-integraban-la-guerrilla-paraguaya-ej%C3%A9rcito-del-mariscal-l%C3%B3pez/46836010|access-date=2022-07-13|website=www.swissinfo.ch|date=2 August 2021 }} The same day, Los Justicieros de la Frontera kill two young brothers, next to the bodies was a letter of threats to the EPP.{{Cite web|title=Otros dos jovenes son acribillados por el grupo Justicieros de la Frontera|url=https://www.ultimahora.com/otros-dos-jovenes-son-acribillados-el-grupo-justicieros-la-frontera-n2953981.html|access-date=2022-08-15|website=www.ultimahora.com|date=2 August 2021 }}
• On 3 August, the ACA attacked police in San Alfredo, killing two policemen and a private guard.{{Cite web|title=Ataque en San Alfredo fue perpetrado por ACA-EP|url=https://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/ataque-en-san-alfredo-fue-perpetrado-por-aca-ep|access-date=2022-08-15|website=www.hoy.com.py}}
• On 2 October, one militant of the EPP was killed in a clash with the soldiers.{{Cite web|title=Un muerto en enfrentamiento con militares en zona de guerrilla paraguaya|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/paraguay-guerrilla_un-muerto-en-enfrentamiento-con-militares-en-zona-de-guerrilla-paraguaya/46997302|access-date=2022-07-13|website=www.swissinfo.ch|date=2 October 2021 }}
• On 19 November, four militants of the ACA were killed in a clash with the FTC.{{Cite web|title=Nuevo ataque en el Norte deja abatidos a cuatro integrantes del ACA|url=https://www.lanacion.com.py/politica/2021/11/19/nuevo-ataque-en-el-norte-deja-abatidos-a-tres-integrantes-del-aca/|access-date=2022-07-13|website=www.lanacion.com.py}}
• On 16 December, one militant of the ACA was killed in a clash with the FTC, also one soldier was injured.{{Cite web|title=¿ACA-EP anulado?, miembro abatido hoy era el último de la agrupación criminal|url=https://www.lanacion.com.py/pais/2021/12/16/aca-ep-anulado-miembro-abatido-hoy-era-el-ultimo-de-la-agrupacion-criminal/|access-date=2022-07-13|website=www.lanacion.com.py}}

• On 5 March, three peoples were kidnapped by the EPP, one was released on 14 March, the other two were found dead on 2 April.{{Cite web|title=Paraguay: Mario Abdo Benítez promete "acabar" con el EPP|url=https://www.dw.com/es/paraguay-mario-abdo-ben%C3%ADtez-promete-acabar-con-el-epp/a-61702893|access-date=2022-08-15|website=www.dw.com}}
• On 27 April, in the northeast part the EPP attacked a military vehicle with an improvised explosive device wounding three soldiers.{{Cite web|title=Al menos tres militares heridos en ataque con explosivos en Paraguay

|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/paraguay-militares_al-menos-tres-militares-heridos-en-ataque-con-explosivos-en-paraguay/47550424|access-date=2022-06-21|website=www.swissinfo.ch|date=27 April 2022 }}

• On 23 October, in a clash between militaries and the EPP, five peoples (two of them suspected EPP leaders, one was a militant of the guerrilla group and the other two were civilians) were killed and one, a civilian, injured.{{Cite web|title=Paraguay: Abate a 2 líderes del EPP en frentamiento|url=https://www-sandiegouniontribune-com.translate.goog/en-espanol/noticias/story/2022-10-23/paraguay-abaten-a-2-lideres-del-epp-en-enfrentamiento?_x_tr_sl=es&_x_tr_tl=it&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=sc|access-date=2022-10-28|website=www-sandiegouniontribune-com.translate.goog| date=24 October 2022 }}
• On 15 November, a militant of the ACA was killed by the brother of an EPP militant.{{Cite web|title=Asesinan a supuesto miembro del grupo armado ACA|url=https://www.abc.com.py/policiales/2022/11/15/asesinan-a-supuesto-miembro-del-grupo-armado-aca-en-concepcion/|access-date=2022-11-23|website=www.abc.com.py}}
• On 21 November, the EPP attacked police 17km from the place of the 23 October operation in which one of the leaders, Osvaldo Villalba, was killed. Three police officers were injured in the attack.{{Cite web|title=Ataque del EPP contra policias|url=https://www.abc.com.py/policiales/2022/11/22/epp-ataco-puesto-policial-a-17-km-de-donde-murio-su-lider-osvaldo-villalba/|access-date=2022-11-23|website=www.abc.com.py}}

From 2008 until the summer of 2014, the EPP campaign resulted in around 50 deaths in total, the majority of them being local ranchers, private security guards and police officers, along with several insurgents. During that same period the group perpetrated 28 kidnappings for ransom and a total of 85 "violent acts". In 2015, the conflict escalated to become the deadliest year of the conflict, with 18 fatalities reported. 10 were reported in 2016 and 4 in 2017.

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{{Ongoing military conflicts}}

{{Post-Cold War conflicts in the Americas}}

Category:Conflicts in 2005

Category:2000s in Paraguay

Category:2010s in Paraguay

Category:2020s in Paraguay

Category:2000s rebellions

Category:2010s rebellions

Category:2020s rebellions

Category:Communism in Paraguay

Category:Communist rebellions

Category:Insurgencies in South America