Integralismo Lusitano
{{Italic title}}
{{Expand Portuguese|topic=gov|Integralismo_Lusitano|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = Lusitanian Integralism
| native_name = Integralismo Lusitano
| native_name_lang =
| colorcode = #000040
| abbreviation = IL
| founders = *José Hipólito Vaz Raposo
| founded = {{start date and age|1914}}
| dissolved = {{end date and age|1932}} (as a political organization)
| predecessor =
| successor = National Syndicalist Movement
| ideology = *Monarchism
- Integralism
- Antiliberalism
- Corporatism
- Traditionalist conservatism
- Anti-parliamentarism
- Anti-Masonry
| religion = Roman Catholicism
| position = Far-Right
| country = Portugal
}}
{{Christian democracy sidebar}}
{{Integralism}}
Integralismo Lusitano (English: "Lusitanian Integralism") was a Portuguese integralist political movement founded in Coimbra in 1914 that advocated traditionalism but not conservatism. It was against parliamentarism but favoured decentralization, national syndicalism, the Catholic Church and the monarchy. Its members included an amalgam of rightists, monarchists, Catholics and nationalists.{{Cite book|last=Wheeler|first=Douglas L.|title=Republican Portugal: A Political History, 1910-1926|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0-299-07454-8|location=Madison|pages=268}}
Origin
Lusitanian Integralism is a variant of integralism that evolved in Portugal, the term "Lusitania" being derived from the Latin term for the southern region of what is now Portugal. The movement was created to address the threats of anticlerical liberalism, socialism, populist and revolution.{{Cite book|last=Griffin|first=Roger|title=The Nature of Fascism|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=978-0-415-09661-4|location=London|pages=118}} The movement drew inspiration from the French royalist movement Action française and it considered an authoritarian, nationalist and corporatist monarchy to be ideal.{{Cite book|last=Payne|first=Stanley G.|title=Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977|publisher=University of Wisconsin Pres|year=1999|isbn=0-299-16560-4|location=Madison|pages=18}} The movement was particularly active during the Portuguese First Republic, which it criticised.{{Cite book|last1=Galimi|first1=Valeria|title=Intellectuals in the Latin Space during the Era of Fascism: Crossing Borders|last2=Gori|first2=Annarita|date=2020-02-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-05712-7|location=|pages=|language=en}}
Activities
It initially supported the last king of Portugal, Manuel II but refused to back him after 1920 after the attempts to restore the monarchy that were initiated in Monsanto Forest Park, Lisbon, and during the Monarchy of the North, but it supported Manuel's cousin, Miguel of Braganza.
Integralismo Lusitano's notable members included António Sardinha, Alberto de Monsaraz, José Adriano Pequito Rebelo, José Hipólito Vaz Raposo, João Ameal, Leão Ramos Ascensão, Luís de Almeida Braga, and Francisco Rolão Preto.
The leadership remained active in 1917–1918, when it supported the leadership of Sidónio Pais, but it also backed the Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship), established after the 28 May 1926 coup d'état. It adopted part of the Integralismo Lusitano's ideology.
When Manuel II died without heirs in 1932, the movement rallied all monarchists behind the descendants of Miguel, who had been exiled after the Liberal Wars.
Integralismo Lusitano published a journal called Nação Portuguesa, which collaborated with other figures for its counter-revolutionary publications.{{Cite book|last=Marchi|first=Riccardo|title=The Portuguese Far Right: Between Late Authoritarianism and Democracy (1945-2015)|date=2018-11-08|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-40991-7|location=|pages=|language=en}} It was founded by Raposo.Antonio Costa Pinto, '[http://analisesocial.ics.ul.pt/documentos/1223461249Q5oNF3qf0Ky91XX0.pdf A formaçãodo integralismo lusitano (1907-17)]'
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
- Ramos Ascensão, Leão, O Integralismo Lusitano, Edições Gama, 1943. (https://web.archive.org/web/20140531114649/http://www.causanacional.net/INTEGRALISMO.pdf)
- {{citation |first=Diamantino P. |last=Machado |title=The Structure of Portuguese Society: The Failure of Fascism |publisher=Praeger Publishers |location=Westport, Connecticut |year=1991}}
External links
- [https://www.academia.edu/20896081/Integralismo_lusitano_made_in_France_ Integralismo lusitano: "made in France"?, Stewart Lloyd-Jones]
Category:Political parties established in 1914
Category:20th century in Portugal
Category:Political history of Portugal
Category:Monarchist parties in Portugal
Category:Defunct political parties in Portugal
Category:1914 establishments in Portugal
{{Conservatism navbox}}
{{Portugal-party-stub}}