Intersex Human Rights Australia

{{Infobox organization

|name = Intersex Human Rights Australia

|image = OII-Australia-logo.jpg

|image_border =

|size =

|caption =

|abbreviation = IHRA

|motto =

|formation = 2009

|type = NGO

|status =

|purpose = Intersex human rights, education and peer support

|headquarters =

|location =

|region_served = Australia

|membership =

|language =

|leader_title = Co-executive directors

|leader_name = Tony Briffa and Morgan Carpenter

|main_organ =

|affiliations =

|num_staff =

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|website = [http://ihra.org.au/ ihra.org.au]

|remarks =

}}

Intersex Human Rights Australia (IHRA) is a voluntary organisation for intersex people that promotes the human rights and bodily autonomy of intersex people in Australia, and provides education and information services. Established in 2009 and incorporated as a charitable company in 2010,[http://oii.org.au/information/about/ About OII Australia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213152538/http://oii.org.au/information/about/ |date=13 December 2013 }}, Organisation Intersex International Australia, 24 July 2013 it was formerly known as Organisation Intersex International Australia, or OII Australia.{{Cite web| last = Carpenter| first = Morgan| title = We are now "Intersex Human Rights Australia"| work = Intersex Human Rights Australia| access-date = March 31, 2018| date = March 4, 2018| url = https://ihra.org.au/31878/new-ihra/}} It is recognised as a Public Benevolent Institution.

History

The institution was founded in 2009 and established as a company in 2010. Founding president Gina Wilson stepped down on 1 September 2013.[http://www.starobserver.com.au/news/changes-at-oii-as-trailblazer-gina-wilson-retires/109176 Changes At OII As Trailblazer Gina Wilson Retires ], Star Observer, 13 September 2013[http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/news/board-changes-at-oii-australia-gina-wilson-steps-down-11841.html Board changes at OII Australia: Gina Wilson steps down] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110044930/http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/news/board-changes-at-oii-australia-gina-wilson-steps-down-11841.html |date=10 November 2013 }}, Gay News Network, 2 September 2013

The current co-executive directors of IHRA are Morgan Carpenter, previously president,[http://oii.org.au/information/board/ The OII Australia Board] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213152543/http://oii.org.au/information/board/ |date=13 December 2013 }}, Organisation Intersex International Australia, 12 October 2013. and Tony Briffa, known as the first publicly intersex mayor and previously vice-president.[http://www.starobserver.com.au/news/briffa-to-march-in-mayoral-robes/67497 Briffa to march in mayoral robes], Star Observer, 8 December 2011[http://www.advocate.com/news/daily-news/2011/12/09/intersex-mayor-elected-australia "Intersex Mayor Elected in Australia"], Advocate.com, 9 December 2011[http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/worlds-first-intersex-mayor-cr-tony-briffa-does-not-want-to-be-called-he-or-she/story-e6frf7jo-1226621092313 "World's first intersex mayor, Cr Tony Briffa does not want to be called he or she"], Herald Sun, 15 April 2013[http://www.samesame.com.au/news/7737/Melbourne-elects-Australias-first-intersex-Mayor.htm "Melbourne elects Australia's first intersex Mayor"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190242/http://www.samesame.com.au/news/7737/Melbourne-elects-Australias-first-intersex-Mayor.htm |date=4 March 2016 }}, SameSame.com.au, 9 December 2011 Tony Briffa is also the Vice-President of the Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Support Group Australia.

Activities

= Physical integrity and bodily autonomy =

Intersex Human Rights Australia campaigns in favour of personal autonomy in medical interventions affecting intersex people, including an end to cosmetic or "normalising" surgeries on intersex infants.{{cite web | url = http://oii.org.au/24058/statement-senate-report-involuntary-or-coerced-sterilisation-intersex-people/ | title = Statement on the Senate report 'Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of intersex people in Australia' | last = OII Australia | date = 29 October 2013}}{{cite web | url = http://www.theage.com.au/national/call-to-end-intersex-genital-operations-20130619-2ojdr.html | title = Call to end intersex genital operations | first = Andrew | last = Bock | work = The Age | date = 20 June 2013}}[http://www.lgbtihealth.org.au/sites/default/files/LGBTIHealthUpdate-MAY2013.pdf LGBTI Health Update, Vol. 3, No. 4, May 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418102223/https://www.lgbtihealth.org.au/sites/default/files/LGBTIHealthUpdate-MAY2013.pdf |date=18 April 2018 }}, National LGBTI Health Alliance, May 2013[http://oii.org.au/22160/intersex-health-hid2013-plenary/ Intersex health – Morgan Carpenter’s presentation to Health in Difference conference], OII Australia, 22 April 2013[http://oii.org.au/22995/its-time-to-stop-cosmetic-genital-surgery-on-intersex-infants/ It’s time to stop cosmetic genital surgery on intersex infants], OII Australia, 18 July 2013[http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/news/senate-inquiry-reveals-forced-surgery-on-intersex-children-11467.html Senate Inquiry reveals forced surgery on intersex children] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110073726/http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/news/senate-inquiry-reveals-forced-surgery-on-intersex-children-11467.html |date=10 November 2013 }}, Gay News Network, 25 September 2013 In late 2012, the Senate's Community Affairs References Committee established an inquiry into the involuntary or coerced sterilisation of people with disabilities. In February 2013, intersex was added as an additional term of reference.[http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Community_Affairs/Involuntary_Sterilisation/Sec_Report/c01 Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of intersex people in Australia, Chapter 1], Senate Community Affairs References Committee, 25 October 2013 The Committee published a joint, cross-party report on 25 October 2013, making 15 recommendations. The conclusions of the inquiry supported much of the case and recommendations made by IHRA:[http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Community_Affairs/Involuntary_Sterilisation/Sec_Report/c03 Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of intersex people in Australia, Chapter 3], Senate Community Affairs References Committee, 25 October 2013[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-15/carpenter-its-time-to-defend-intersex-rights/5093966 It's time to defend intersex rights], Morgan Carpenter at Australian Broadcasting Corporation, The Drum, 15 November 2013

{{Quote|3.109 ... As OII commented, normalisation surgery is more than physical reconstruction. The surgery is intended to deconstruct an intersex physiology and, in turn, construct an identity that conforms with stereotypical male and female gender categories...

3.129 ... The proposals put forward by Organisation Intersex International have merit, and are consistent with the committee's conclusions. The committee believes that a protocol covering 'normalising' surgery should be developed, and then adhered to in all cases of intersex children. Such a guideline should be consistent with Organisational Intersex International's recommendations}}

In May 2019, IHRA published a multilingual joint statement signed by more than 50 intersex-led organizations condemning the introduction of "disorders of sex development" language into the International Classification of Diseases, stating that this causes "harm" and facilitates human rights violations, calling on the World Health Organization to publish clear policy to ensure that intersex medical interventions are "fully compatible with human rights norms".{{Citation| last = Intersex Human Rights Australia| author-link = Intersex Human Rights Australia | title = Joint statement on the International Classification of Diseases 11 | date = 2019-05-23| url = https://ihra.org.au/35299/joint-statement-icd-11/}}{{Cite news| last = Crittenton| first = Anya| title = World Health Organization condemned for classifying intersex as 'disorder'| work = Gay Star News| access-date = 2019-06-02| date = 2019-05-24| url = https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/world-health-organization-condemned-classifying-intersex-disorder/| archive-date = 20 February 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200220103216/https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/world-health-organization-condemned-classifying-intersex-disorder/| url-status = dead}}{{Cite news| last = Leighton-Dore| first = Samuel| title = World Health Organisation drops transgender from list of mental health disorders| work = SBS| access-date = 2019-06-02| date = 2019-05-28| url = https://www.sbs.com.au/topics/sexuality/agenda/article/2019/05/28/world-health-organisation-drops-transgender-list-mental-health-0}}{{Cite news| last = Barr| first = Sabrina| title = Transgender no longer classified as 'mental disorder' by WHO| work = The Independent| access-date = 2019-06-02| date = 2019-05-28| url = https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/transgender-world-health-organisation-mental-disorder-who-gender-icd11-update-a8932786.html}}{{Cite news| last = Wills| first = Ella| title = Campaigners hail changes to WHO classification of trans health issues| work = Evening Standard| access-date = 2019-06-02| date = 2019-05-29| url = https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/human-rights-campaigners-hail-major-change-by-who-as-transgender-no-longer-recognised-as-mental-a4154421.html}}

The institution also engages directly with clinicians and biologists. While opposing use of terminology that it describes as pathologising, such as "Disorders of Sex Development",[http://oii.org.au/23387/august-submission-senate-inquiry-sterilisation/ Concluding submission to the Senate Inquiry on involuntary or coerced sterilisation], OII Australia, 12 September 2013. Carpenter is nevertheless named as a reviewer for a "DSD Genetics" website funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council Australia.[http://dsdgenetics.org/index.php?id=20 DSD Genetics], Disorders of Sex Development Research Website, 9 October 2013

In a submission to the UN Committee Against Torture in 2016, the organisation submitted that Australian governments recognise the dignity and rights of LGBTI people, but at the same time, "harmful practices" on intersex children continue.{{cite web | title = Submission: list of issues for Australia's Convention Against Torture review | url = https://oii.org.au/30546/loi-cat-review/ | work = Organisation Intersex International Australia | date = 28 June 2016 | access-date = 4 September 2016 | archive-date = 9 September 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170909233430/https://oii.org.au/30546/loi-cat-review/ | url-status = dead }}

In March 2017, representatives of IHRA participated in an Australian and Aotearoa/New Zealand consensus "Darlington Statement" by intersex community organisations and others. The statement calls for legal reform, including the criminalization of deferrable intersex medical interventions on children, an end to legal classification of sex, and improved access to peer support.{{Citation| last1 = Androgen Insensitivity Support Syndrome Support Group Australia| author1-link = Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Support Group Australia | last2 = Intersex Trust Aotearoa New Zealand| author2-link = Intersex Trust Aotearoa New Zealand| last3 = Organisation Intersex International Australia| author3-link = Organisation Intersex International Australia | last4 = Black| first4 = Eve| last5 = Bond| first5 = Kylie| last6 = Briffa| first6 = Tony| author6-link = Tony Briffa (politician) | last7 = Carpenter| first7 = Morgan| author7-link = Morgan Carpenter | last8 = Cody| first8 = Candice| last9 = David| first9 = Alex| last10 = Driver| first10 = Betsy| last11 = Hannaford| first11 = Carolyn| last12 = Harlow| first12 = Eileen| last13 = Hart| first13 = Bonnie| author13-link = Bonnie Hart | last14 = Hart| first14 = Phoebe| author14-link = Phoebe Hart | last15 = Leckey| first15 = Delia| last16 = Lum| first16 = Steph| last17 = Mitchell| first17 = Mani Bruce| author17-link = Mani Mitchell | last18 = Nyhuis| first18 = Elise| last19 = O'Callaghan| first19 = Bronwyn| last20 = Perrin| first20 = Sandra| last21 = Smith| first21 = Cody| last22 = Williams| first22 = Trace| last23 = Yang| first23 = Imogen| last24 = Yovanovic| first24 = Georgie| title = Darlington Statement| date = March 2017 | url = https://oii.org.au/darlington-statement/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170321000000/https://oii.org.au/darlington-statement/ | archive-date = 2017-03-21 | access-date = March 21, 2017}} [https://eprints.qut.edu.au/104412/ Alt URL]{{Cite web| last = Copland| first = Simon| title = Intersex people have called for action. It's time to listen.| work = Special Broadcasting Service| access-date = 2017-03-21| date = March 20, 2017| url = http://www.sbs.com.au/topics/sexuality/agenda/article/2017/03/20/intersex-people-have-called-action-its-time-listen}}{{Cite web| last = Jones| first = Jess| title = Intersex activists in Australia and New Zealand publish statement of priorities| work = Star Observer| access-date = 2017-03-21| date = March 10, 2017| url = http://www.starobserver.com.au/news/national-news/intersex-activists-publish-statement-priorities/156425}}{{Cite web| last = Power| first = Shannon| title = Intersex advocates pull no punches in historic statement| work = Gay Star News| access-date = 2017-03-21| date = March 13, 2017| url = http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/intersex-advocates-darlington-statement/| archive-date = 22 March 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170322203838/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/intersex-advocates-darlington-statement/| url-status = dead}}{{Cite web| last = Sainty| first = Lane| title = These Groups Want Unnecessary Surgery On Intersex Infants To Be Made A Crime| work = BuzzFeed Australia| access-date = 2017-03-21| date = March 13, 2017| url = https://www.buzzfeed.com/lanesainty/landmark-intersex-position-statement}}

= Access to healthcare =

In July 2013, the Commonwealth announced that it was removing sex or gender terms from item codes for Medicare procedures,[http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/gender-discrimination-to-be-removed-from-medicare-20130724-2qi4m.html Gender discrimination to be removed from Medicare], Sydney Morning Herald, 24 July 2013 following input from IHRA.[https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20130901235400/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/141595/20130902-0954/www.health.gov.au/internet/ministers/publishing.nsf/Content/mr-yr13-tp-tp086.htm All Gender Discrimination to be Removed from Medicare]{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, The Hon Tanya Plibersek MP – Minister for Health and Minister for Medical Research, 24 July 2013 IHRA noted that the changes do not ensure full access to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS).[http://oii.org.au/23049/medicare-sex-gender-neutral/ Medicare is now sex and gender neutral], OII Australia, 24 July 2013

= Protection from discrimination =

In late 2012, the Australian Governments' proposed Human Rights and Anti-Discrimination Bill included intersex as a "gender identity". This was criticised by IHRA on the basis that intersex people needed protection, but biological differences should not come within the definition.[http://www.smh.com.au/national/proposed-law-leaves-intersex-vulnerable-20130120-2d18b.html Proposed law leaves intersex 'vulnerable'], Judith Ireland, Sydney Morning Herald, 21 January 2013. Writing in the Equal Rights Trust journal Equal Rights Review, Gina Wilson wrote, "Legislators initially did not have a clear understanding of what intersex was, but having given evidence to Senate Committees and spoken with legislators individually we are hopeful that intersex will be a protected attribute under the Bill."[http://www.equalrightstrust.org/view-subdocument/index.htm?id=922 The Equal Rights Review, Volume Ten (2013)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611222815/http://www.equalrightstrust.org/view-subdocument/index.htm?id=922 |date=11 June 2013 }}, Equal Rights Trust, 27 March 2013[http://www.equalrightstrust.org/equalrightsreviewintro/index.htm The Equal Rights Review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102210750/http://www.equalrightstrust.org/equalrightsreviewintro/index.htm |date=2 January 2014 }}, Equal Rights Trust[http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Legal_and_Constitutional_Affairs/Completed%20inquiries/2010-13/antidiscrimination2012/report/footnotes#c03f28 Senate Committee Report on the Exposure Draft of Human Rights and Anti-Discrimination Bill 2012, Chapter 3], Senate Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs, 21 February 2013[http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Legal_and_Constitutional_Affairs/Completed%20inquiries/2010-13/antidiscrimination2012/report/c07 Senate Committee Report on the Exposure Draft of Human Rights and Anti-Discrimination Bill 2012, Chapter 7], Senate Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs, 21 February 2013

On 25 June 2013, the Sex Discrimination Amendment (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Intersex Status) Act passed with cross-party support,[http://oii.org.au/22713/sex-discrimination-amendment-intersex-status-act/ On the historic passing of the Sex Discrimination Amendment (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Intersex Status) Act 2013], OII Australia, 25 June 2013 and became law on 1 August 2013. This was the first time "intersex status" had been a protected attribute under Australian discrimination legislation.[http://oii.org.au/22728/joint-press-release-sex-discrimination-amendment/ LGBTI groups welcome the passage of "historic" national discrimination laws], OII Australia, NSW Gay and Lesbian Rights Lobby, Transgender Victoria, A Gender Agenda, Victorian Gay and Lesbian Rights Lobby, 26 June 2013[http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/C2013A00098 Sex Discrimination Amendment (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Intersex Status) Act 2013, No. 98, 2013. C2013A00098], ComLaw, 2013

= Identification documents =

The organisation has stated that "while sex or gender markers are still required", it supports binary, non-binary and multiple gender classifications for adults, but only binary classifications for infants and children, fearing stigmatisation and the potential impact on sex assignment processes for infants.[http://www.dw.de/third-sex-option-on-birth-certificates/a-17193869 Third sex option on birth certificates ], Deutsche Welle, 1 November 2013[http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/third-gender-option-in-germany-a-small-step-for-intersex-recognition-a-917650.html Third Gender: A Step Toward Ending Intersex Discrimination ], Der Spiegel, 22 August 2013.[http://oii.org.au/24175/revised-policy-on-identification-documents/ Revised policy on identification documents], OII Australia, 12 November 2013[https://web.archive.org/web/20140227205240/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gSxTyQ8lWMy9por7A-KorL8oJheA?docId=CNG.6aedec13aac3d301f17ad4715b7f43f1.171 Australia embraces new gender guidelines], Madeleine Coorey, Agence France-Presse, 14 June 2013 The organisation cautiously acknowledged an Australian Capital Territory Bill to modify the Territory's birth registrations process to create a third sex category for infants and children, stating, "neither of the two national intersex organisations had been engaged in talks before the bill was presented in the Assembly."[http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/act-government-bill-will-introduce-wider-gender-identification-20131128-2yejc.html ACT government bill will introduce wider gender identification], Lisa Cox, The Canberra Times, 29 November 2013[http://www.starobserver.com.au/news/sport/news-sport/act-govt-proposes-third-option-for-birth-certificates/112755 ACT Govt proposes third option for birth certificates], Star Observer, 19 November 2013 In 2017, the organisation reported that no children had been assigned to such a category, viewing this as a vindication of the argument that such classifications exacerbate parental fears.{{Cite conference| last1 = Carpenter| first1 = Morgan| last2 = Organisation Intersex International Australia| title = Shadow Report submission to the Human Rights Committee on the situation of intersex people in Australia| date = 28 August 2017| url = https://oii.org.au/31568/shadow-report-iccpr-2017/| access-date = 24 November 2017| archive-date = 1 December 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040741/https://oii.org.au/31568/shadow-report-iccpr-2017/| url-status = dead}}

In March 2017, an Australian and Aotearoa/New Zealand community statement called for an end to legal classification of sex, stating that legal third classifications, like binary classifications, were based on structural violence and failed to respect diversity and a "right to self-determination".

= Marriage =

Citing cases where marriages have been annulled,{{Cite book| publisher = Preddon Lee Limited | last = Richardson| first = Ian D.| title = God's Triangle| date = May 2012 | isbn = 9780957140103 }}{{cite court |litigants= In the marriage of C and D (falsely called C) |vol= |reporter= FLC |opinion= 90-636 |pinpoint= |court= |date= 1979 }} and where marriage prospects are stated as a rationale for early medical interventions, IHRA campaigned for marriage rights regardless of sex characteristics. The institution expressed concern at the marriage implications of constructions of intersex as a third sex.{{Citation| last1 = Carpenter| first1 = Morgan| last2 = Organisation Intersex International Australia| title = Submission on the Exposure Draft of the Marriage Amendment (Same-Sex Marriage) Bill| date = January 2017| url = https://oii.org.au/31139/submission-marriage-amendment-2017/| access-date = 2 April 2017| archive-date = 5 February 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170205095726/https://oii.org.au/31139/submission-marriage-amendment-2017/| url-status = dead}} In 2017 the Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Bill 2017{{cite web|url=http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/legislation/bills/s1099_first-senate/toc_pdf/1725720.pdf;fileType=application%2Fpdf |title=Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Bill 2017 |author=Senator Smith|work=The Senate: Parliament House Canberra|date=15 November 2017|access-date=27 November 2017}} specifically refers to '2 people' rather than 'same-sex' with respect to the definition of marriage.{{cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/lanesainty/transgender-marriage-or-same-sex-marriage |title=WTF Is Up With "Transgender Marriage" And The Same-Sex Marriage Debate? |author=Sainty, Lane|date=29 August 2017|work=BuzzFeed|access-date=27 November 2017}}

= International work =

Intersex Human Rights Australia is represented at numerous international events, including the "first United Nations Human Rights Council side event on intersex issues" in March 2014, alongside Mauro Cabral and representatives of Intersex UK and Zwischengeschlecht.{{cite web|url=http://oii.org.au/25644/intersex-side-event-un-human-rights-council/ |title=Intersex side event at the UN Human Rights Council |work=Organisation Intersex International Australia |date=28 May 2014 |access-date=2014-12-29 }}

= Intersex Flag =

File:Intersex Pride Flag.svg

The Intersex flag was created in July 2013 by Morgan Carpenter of Intersex Human Rights Australia (then known as Organisation Intersex International Australia) to be a flag "that is not derivative, but is yet firmly grounded in meaning". The circle is described as "unbroken and unornamented, symbolising wholeness and completeness, and our potentialities. We are still fighting for bodily autonomy and genital integrity, and this symbolises the right to be who and how we want to be."[http://ihra.org.au/22773/an-intersex-flag/ An intersex flag], Intersex Human Rights Australia, 5 July 2013

Awards and recognition

The organisation was nominated for a 2013 Community Organisation "Honour" Award{{cite web|url=http://www.honourawards.com.au/nominations/|title=Honour Awards 2013 – Nominations|access-date=7 December 2013|archive-date=12 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212110358/http://www.honourawards.com.au/nominations/|url-status=dead}}[http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/news/new-south-wales/the-2013-honour-awards-finalists-11829.html The 2013 Honour Awards finalists], Gay News Network, 2 September 2013 for its work on anti-discrimination legislation. Founding former president Gina Wilson was a finalist for the Australian Human Rights Commission Community Individual Award in 2013, following her retirement, for her work on discrimination protections.[https://www.humanrights.gov.au/news/stories/commission-announces-shortlist-community-human-rights-awards Commission announces shortlist for community Human Rights awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211093636/https://www.humanrights.gov.au/news/stories/commission-announces-shortlist-community-human-rights-awards |date=11 December 2013 }}. Australian Human Rights Commission, 15 November 2013.[http://www.starobserver.com.au/news/intersex-pioneer-nsw-gay-lobby-get-nods-for-human-rights-awards/112801 Intersex pioneer & NSW gay lobby get nods for Human Rights Awards], Star Observer, 18 November 2013[http://hrawards.humanrights.gov.au/community-individual-award-tony-fitzgerald-memorial-award-sponsored-ihr-australia Community Individual Award – Tony Fitzgerald Memorial Award (sponsored by iHR Australia)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206071309/http://hrawards.humanrights.gov.au/community-individual-award-tony-fitzgerald-memorial-award-sponsored-ihr-australia |date=6 December 2013 }}, Australian Human Rights Commission, Human Rights Awards 2013