Ips cembrae
{{Short description|Species of beetle}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Lärchenborkenkäfer Draufsicht.png
| genus = Ips
| species = cembrae
| authority = Heer 1836
}}
File:Ips cemrae distribution map.png
Ips cembrae, known generally as larch bark beetle or eight-toothed larch bark beetle, is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. Its habitat is Euro-Siberian, ranging from sea level to sub-alpine.Grodski, Wojciech. "Ips cembrae Heer (Col.: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in young larch stands–a new problem in Poland." Forstschutz Aktuell 44 (2008): 8-9. It was first recorded in Great Britain in 1955.{{cite journal|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.forestry.a063092|title=Note on the First British Occurrence of Ips Cembrae Heer (Col. Scolytidae) |year=1957 |last1=Crooke |first1=Myles |last2=Bevan |first2=D. |journal=Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research |volume=30 |pages=21–28 }} Populations were said to be found in Japan and China, but further research determined that those were actually Ips subelongatus.{{cite journal|title=Pest categorisation of Ips cembrae|year= 2017|doi= 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5039|doi-access=free|last1= Jeger|first1= Michael|last2= Bragard|first2= Claude|last3= Caffier|first3= David|last4= Candresse|first4= Thierry|last5= Chatzivassiliou|first5= Elisavet|last6= Dehnen-Schmutz|first6= Katharina|last7= Gilioli|first7= Gianni|last8= Jaques Miret|first8= Josep Anton|last9= MacLeod|first9= Alan|last10= Navajas Navarro|first10= Maria|last11= Niere|first11= Björn|last12= Parnell|first12= Stephen|last13= Potting|first13= Roel|last14= Rafoss|first14= Trond|last15= Rossi|first15= Vittorio|last16= Urek|first16= Gregor|last17= Van Bruggen|first17= Ariena|last18= Van Der Werf|first18= Wopke|last19= West|first19= Jonathan|last20= Winter|first20= Stephan|last21= Kertész|first21= Virág|last22= Aukhojee|first22= Mitesha|last23= Grégoire|first23= Jean-Claude|last24= Grégoire|first24= J. C.|journal= EFSA Journal|volume= 15|issue= 11|pages= e05039|pmid= 32625339|pmc= 7009832}}
The insect measures around 5 mm and has a dark brown to black colour. The species is considered hard to distinguish visually from Ips typographus.
As a pest
Ips cembrae is native to most of its habitat and is considered less of a pest risk than Ips typographus.EPPO/CABI 1997. Ips typographus. In: Quarantine pests for Europe, 2nd edn. Ed. by Smith IM, McNamara DG, Scott PR, Holderness M, CAB International, Wallingford. The beetle mainly affect the European larix, larix decidua, especially during periods of drought.Hougardy, Evelyne, and J-C. Grégoire. "Biological differences reflect host preference in two parasitoids attacking the bark beetle Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Belgium." Bulletin of entomological research 94.4 (2004): 341-347. Besides damage from digging tunnels, the beetle also spreads fungi between trees.
Parasites
The species can be infected by several nematode parasites: Contortylenchus, Parasitylenchus, Cryptaphelenchus and Parasitorhabditis endoparasites, Micoletzkya under the wings as phoretic parasites. Laimaphelenchus and Bursaphelenchus are found in the frass.Grucmanová, Š., Holuša, J., Čermák, V., & Nermuť, J. (2015). Nematodes associated withIps cembrae(Coleoptera: Curculionidae): comparison of generations, sexes and sampling methods. Journal of Applied Entomology, 140(5), 395–403. doi:10.1111/jen.12269
References
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Further reading
- Crooke, Myles, and D. Bevan. "Note on the first British occurrence of Ips cembrae Heer (Col. Scolytidae)." Forestry 30.1 (1957): 21–28.
- {{cite journal|title=Ips cembrae and Ips subelongatus|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2338.2005.00880.x|journal=EPPO Bulletin|volume=35|issue=3|year=2005|pages=445–449 |doi-access=free}}
External links
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- {{Commons category-inline|Ips cembrae}}
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{{Authority control}}