Iris orchioides
{{Short description|Species of orchid}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Сүйсіншиқылдағы.jpg
| genus = Iris
| display_parents = 2
| parent = Iris sect. Scorpiris
| species = orchioides
| authority = Carrière
| synonyms = Juno orchioides (Carrière) Vved.
| synonyms_ref = {{cite web|title=Juno orchioides |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-322195| publisher=www.theplantlist.org |access-date=29 August 2014}}
}}
Iris orchioides, the 'orchid iris,'{{cite web|title=Iris orchioides Carrière|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/9323/Orchid-iris/Details|publisher=www.rhs.org.uk|access-date=13 August 2014}} is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from the mountains of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. It has dark green leaves, slender stems, up to three yellow flowers in spring. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.
Description
Iris orchioides grows up to {{convert|15|to|30|cm|in|round=0.5|abbr=on}} tall.{{cite book | first= Claire | last=Austin | title= Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia | publisher= Timber Press, Incorporated | isbn = 978-0881927306 | year = 2005 | ol = OL8176432M | page=}}
Its stem is hidden by channeled leaves until the flowers fade.
It has between 5-7, dark green,{{cite web|title=Iris orchioides |url=http://www.signa.org/index.pl?Iris-orchioides |publisher=www.signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America)|access-date=28 August 2014}} broad leaves that grow up to 6–8 inches tall.
It has up to 3 yellow flowers on its stem.{{cite web|title=North American Rock Garden Society Fall Newsletter|date=September 2006 |url=http://glcnargs.com/Newsletters/2006%20fall%20newsletter.pdf|access-date=29 August 2014}} The flowers vary in shading, from deep yellow to creamy-yellow to a translucent pale yellow, between March and May.
It has a big winged haft (the narrow constricted part of the standards (petals) and falls (sepals) near the center of the iris flower) which are about 2-cm (1") wide.
It also has hairs on the ridge of the falls (which are very similar in look to a beard (of a bearded iris). It has standards are 1/2 inches wide and linear.
It has cylindrical capsules and seeds without arils. These are similar to Iris bucharica and Iris warleyensis have cubiform seeds,{{cite book|first=W.R. |last=Dykes| title=A handbook of Garden Irises |year=1976 |page=89 |publisher=Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. |location=London| isbn=978-0913728086 |url=https://archive.org/stream/handbookofgarden00dyke/handbookofgarden00dyke_djvu.txt | access-date=26 September 2014}}
Taxonomy
It is commonly called the 'orchid iris'.
It is called 'Ukrop' in its native Kazakh.Anna Pavord{{Google books|wvP92qGbI08C|The Naming of Names: The Search for Order in the World of Plants}}
It was first published and described by (French botanist) Élie-Abel Carrière in 'Revue Horticole'(Paris) in 1880).{{cite web|title=Iris orchioides|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=438659-1 |publisher=apps.kew.org |access-date=29 August 2014}}
It was listed in 1995 in 'Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR)' by Czerepanov, S. K.{{Google books|52fdbx9XgC4C|Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR)|page=281}}
Iris orchioides is an accepted name by the RHS.
It is often mistakenly, to be a yellow form of Iris bucharica or Iris tienshanica (a synonym of Iris loczyi (Kanitz.)) also from Kazakhstan).
'Iris orchioides var. caerulea' (Baker) is a synonym of Iris vicaria (Vved.).
It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 2 October 2014.{{GRIN | accessdate=19 September 2015}}
It is listed in the Encyclopedia of Life.{{cite web |title=Iris orchioides |url=http://eol.org/pages/2879869/overview |publisher=eol.org |access-date=19 September 2015}}
Iris orchioides is an accepted name by the RHS.
Distribution and habitat
It is native to temperate Asia.
=Range=
It is found in the mountains of Central Asia.
It has been found in Tashkent in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.
=Habitat=
It likes the stoney soils of the foothills.British Iris Society (1997){{Google books|pL6uPLo7l2gC|A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation |page=255}}
Cultivation
It is hardy to USDA Zone 5.{{cite web|title=Iris cycloglossa|url=http://navigate.botanicgardens.org/weboi/oecgi2.exe/INET_ECM_DispPl?NAMENUM=6093&DETAIL=1&startpage=1|publisher=navigate.botanicgardens.org (Denver Botanic Gardens)|access-date=18 August 2014}}
It is best grown in an alpine house of bulb frame.{{cite web|title=IRIS FLEUR-DE-LYS Iridaceae (Iris family) |date=12 May 2008 |url=http://www.hillkeep.ca/bulbs%20iris.htm| publisher=www.hillkeep.ca|access-date=23 August 2014}}
Known cultivars
- Iris orchioides 'Sulphurea'
Found in 1990, has canary-yellow flowers.{{cite web|title=(Spec) 'Orchioides Sulphurea [sic]'|date=3 December 2013| url=http://wiki.irises.org/bin/view/Spec/SpecOrchioidesSulphurea|publisher=wiki.irises.org|access-date=29 August 2014}}
Toxicity
Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.David G Spoerke and Susan C. Smolinske{{Google books|a7-f66fRfzQC|Toxicity of Houseplants|page=236}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Other sources
- Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). [= Juno orchioides (Carrière) Vved.].
- Khassanov, F. O. & N. Rakhimova. 2012. Taxonomic revision of the genus Iris L. (Iridaceae Juss.) for the flora of Central Asia. Stapfia 97:177.
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
- Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 157–158.
External links
- [http://dhalanghall.blogspot.co.uk/2013/12/the-little-beauties-iris.html Various small irises]
- [https://picasaweb.google.com/104093660717292700553/Junonas 3 Images of cultivars; 'Kirghizian Gold' and Iris orchioides 'Kuramin']
- {{Wikispecies-inline|Iris orchioides}}
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