Irish Examiner
{{Short description|Irish national daily newspaper}}
{{use Irish English|date=March 2020}}
{{use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox newspaper
|name = Irish Examiner
|logo = Irish Examiner (2019-08-02).svg
|logo_size = 250px
|type = Daily newspaper
|format = Broadsheet
|foundation = {{Start date and age|1841}}
|owners = The Irish Times
|political = Centrist
|circulation = No longer ABC audited{{cite web|url = https://www.ilevel.ie/print/abc-registrations/ | website = ilevel.ie | title = ABC Registrations | date = 12 June 2020 | accessdate = 13 April 2021 }}
|headquarters = Linn Dubh, Blackpool, Cork
80 Oliver Plunkett Street, Cork
|editor =
|website = {{URL|irishexaminer.com}}
|issn = 1393-9564
}}
The Irish Examiner, formerly The Cork Examiner and then The Examiner, is an Irish national daily newspaper which primarily circulates in the Munster region surrounding its base in Cork, though it is available throughout the country.{{cite web |title=eurotopics |url=https://www.eurotopics.net/en/148636/irish-examiner |website=European Press Roundup |access-date=12 April 2021}}
History
=19th and early 20th centuries=
File:Stop the presses (6429773679).jpg before Free State forces arrived in Cork, 9–10 August 1922]]
The paper was founded by John Francis Maguire under the title The Cork Examiner in 1841 in support of the Catholic Emancipation and tenant rights work of Daniel O'Connell.Ireland in the Nineteenth Century by Leon Litvack, Glenn Hooper.Four Courts Press, 2000.(pg.38) Historical copies of The Cork Examiner, dating back to 1841, are available to search and view in digitised form at the Irish Newspaper Archives website and British Newspaper Archive.{{cite web|url = http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/search/results?newspaperTitle=Cork%20Examiner | via = British Newspaper Archive | title = Digitised copies of The Cork Examiner}}
During the Irish War of Independence and Irish Civil War, the Cork Examiner (along with other nationalist newspapers) was subject to censorship and suppression.{{cite web|url = https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/cork-newspapers-under-fire-during-revolutionary-period-1.2423377 | title = Cork newspapers under fire during revolutionary period | publisher = Irish Times | website = irishtimes.com | date = 9 November 2015 | accessdate = 12 April 2021 }}
At the time of the Spanish Civil War, the Cork Examiner reportedly took a strongly pro-Franco tone in its coverage of the conflict.{{cite journal|quote = After the war, Bishop Fogarty of Killaloe complained that only the Irish Independent and the Cork Examiner had given Franco "unflinching and unequivocal support" | author = Fearghal McGarry| title = Irish Newspapers and the Spanish Civil War| journal = Irish Historical Studies | volume = 33 | issue = 129 | date = May 2002| page = 83 | jstor = 30006956}} As of the early to mid-20th century, the newspaper reportedly catered to a "socially-conservative reader base" and reflected a "conservative nationalist agenda".{{cite web|url = https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/its-the-paper-for-you-boy-36409446.html | publisher = Independent News & Media | website = independent.ie | title = 'It's The Paper for you, boy' | date = 17 December 2017 | accessdate = 13 April 2021 | quote = As the Free State grew into a republic, the newspaper unapologetically and steadfastly reflected the mood and mores of its socially-conservative reader base }}{{cite web|url = https://www.irishnewsarchive.com/irish-examiner-newspaper-archive | website = irishnewsarchive.com | title = The Irish Examiner / Cork Examiner 1841 - Current | accessdate = 13 April 2021 | quote = The Cork Examiner had a conservative nationalist agenda which supported the Fine Geal political party }}{{cite book | title = Irish Media: A Critical History Since 1922 | first = John | last = Horgan | publisher = Routledge | date = 2001 | isbn = 9781134606160 | page = 44 | quote = The Cork Examiner['s ..] conservative management operated a type of self-censorship, under the censor's benign but distant supervision }}
=Renaming and ownership=
Published as The Cork Examiner from 1841 until 1996, the newspaper was renamed The Examiner in 1996. Since 2000 it has been published as The Irish Examiner, to appeal to a wider national readership.{{cite web|url=http://www.askaboutireland.ie/reading-room/history-heritage/architecture/architecture-in-cork-city-1/st.-patricks-street/the-evening-echo-and-the-/|title=The Evening Echo and The Irish Examiner|website=www.askaboutireland.ie|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171121183015/http://www.askaboutireland.ie/reading-room/history-heritage/architecture/architecture-in-cork-city-1/st.-patricks-street/the-evening-echo-and-the-/ | archive-date = 21 November 2017 }}
The newspaper, along with 'sister paper' the Evening Echo,{{cite book|title=Irish Media: A Critical History since 1922|author=John Horgan|publisher=Routledge|year=2001|pages=6,190| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RX3lXMWRkx8C&q=echo | isbn = 9781134606160}} was part of the Thomas Crosbie Holdings group. Thomas Crosbie Holdings went into receivership in March 2013.{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/business/2013/0306/374490-thomas-crosbie-holdings/ |title=Receiver appointed to publisher of Irish Examiner - RTÉ News |publisher=RTÉ.ie |date=6 March 2013 |access-date=30 March 2014}} The newspaper was acquired by Landmark Media Investments.
File:Irish Examiner office.jpg]]
{{As of|2004}}, its chief executive was Thomas J. Murphy, and its editor was Tim Vaughan.Europa World Year Book 2004.Taylor & Francis Group,2004. (See section "Ireland-The Press",pg. 2223) Vaughan left the group in August 2016.{{cite web|url=http://www.breakingnews.ie/business/irish-examiner-editor-announces-he-is-to-step-down-in-october-747799.html|title=Irish Examiner editor announces he is to step down in October|date=2 August 2016|publisher=BreakingNews.ie}}
The newspaper was based at Academy Street, Cork for over a century, before moving to new offices at Lapp's Quay, Cork in early November 2006, and subsequently to editorial offices at Blackpool, Cork, with a sales office in Oliver Plunkett Street.
=Sale to ''The Irish Times''=
In February 2017, it was reported that Landmark Media Investments had appointed KPMG to advise on a range of options, including an Independent News and Media link with the Irish Examiner.{{cite web|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/ireland-world/article/independent-news-amp-media-holds-exploratory-talks-over-irish-examiner-f89gsr8nt|title=Independent News & Media holds exploratory talks over Irish Examiner|date=26 February 2017|publisher=The Times}}
In March 2017, it was reported that The Irish Times might bid for the Irish Examiner,{{cite web|url=https://www.businesspost.ie/news/irish-times-may-bid-examiner-383202|title=Irish Times may bid for Examiner |publisher = BusinessPost.ie|date= 26 March 2017 }} and by April 2017 both The Irish Times and INM had entered a sales process and signed non-disclosure agreements.{{cite web|url=https://www.businesspost.ie/news/irish-times-inm-enter-sales-process-examiner-385148|title=Irish Times and INM enter sales process for Examiner |publisher=BusinessPost.ie | date= 16 April 2017 }}
In May 2017, it was reported that Sunrise Media and The Irish Times were exploring an acquisition, and a sale was agreed to The Irish Times in December 2017, pending regulatory approval.{{cite web|url=http://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/ireland/the-irish-times-to-acquire-landmark-media-business-817451.html|title=The Irish Times to acquire Landmark Media business|date=6 December 2017|publisher=Irish Examiner}}{{cite web|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/ireland/newspaper-proprietor-ted-crosbie-enters-cork-person-of-the-year-hall-of-fame-466044.html|title=Newspaper proprietor Ted Crosbie enters Cork Person of the Year Hall of Fame|date=20 January 2018|publisher=Irish Examiner}} The sale to The Irish Times was completed in July 2018.{{cite web|url = https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2018/0710/977737-irish-times-completes-purchase-of-irish-examiner/ | publisher = RTÉ News | website = rte.ie | title = Irish Times completes purchase of Irish Examiner | date = 10 July 2018 }}
As of 2021, its editorial policy has been described as centrist or conservative;{{cite web|url = https://www.dia.mil/FOIA/FOIA-Electronic-Reading-Room/FOIA-Reading-Room-Detainee-Abuse/FileId/39826/ | publisher = Defense Intelligence Agency | website = dia.mil | title = Freedom of Information Request – Irish Suspicion of a Link Between Shannon Flights and Alleged Detainee Torture Flights | quote = 'Irish Examiner', Cork, Ireland ... in English, centrist daily newspaper. | date = December 2004 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20210413082046/https://www.dia.mil/FOIA/FOIA-Electronic-Reading-Room/FOIA-Reading-Room-Detainee-Abuse/FileId/39826/ | archivedate = 13 April 2021 }}{{cite magazine|url = https://time.com/5504205/europe-media-brexit-deal-parliament-defeat/ | publisher = Time Magazine | magazine = Time | title = How European Media Responded to the Brexit Deal Defeat | date = 16 January 2019 | access-date = 13 April 2021 | quote = Conservative daily the Irish Examiner }} the Eurotopics website described the political orientation of the Irish Examiner as liberal.
Circulation
Average print circulation was approximately 57,000 copies per issue in 1990, had risen to 62,000 by 1999, had decreased to 50,000 by 2009, and was approximately 28,000 by 2017. Reflecting a changing trend in newspaper sales, the Examiner markets to advertisers on the basis of its print and online audience, stating in 2017 that "236,000 people read the Irish Examiner in print or online every day".{{cite web|url = https://media.irishexaminer.com/web/rates_examiner_2017.pdf | publisher = Irish Examiner | title = Rates - Examiner - 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180211112406/https://media.irishexaminer.com/web/rates_examiner_2017.pdf | archive-date = 11 February 2018 }}
{{Bar chart
| title =
| table_width = 40
| label_type = Year (period)
| data_type = Average circulation per issue
| data1 = 57,601 | label1 = 1990
| data2 = 56,764 | label2 = 1991
| data3 = 55,565 | label3 = 1992
| data4 = 53,188 | label4 = 1993
| data5 = 52,062 | label5 = 1994
| data6 = 52,932 | label6 = 1995
| data7 = 55,196 | label7 = 1996
| data8 = 56,628 | label8 = 1997
| data9 = 58,536 | label9 = 1998
| data10 = 62,413 | label10 = 1999 (July to September)
| data11 = 57,217 | label11 = 2006 (January to June){{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/business/2006/0831/79847-abc/|title=Big drop for the Evening Herald|website=RTÉ.ie |date=31 August 2006}}
| data12 = 50,346 | label12 = 2009 (January to June){{cite web|url=http://newsbrandsireland.ie/data-centre/circulation/|title=Circulation - News Brands Ireland|website=Newsbrandsireland.ie|access-date=11 February 2018|archive-date=17 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217033257/http://newsbrandsireland.ie/data-centre/circulation/|url-status=dead}}
| data13 = 46,687 | label13 = 2010 (January to June)
| data14 = 43,390 | label14 = 2011 (January to June)
| data16 = 37,009 | label16 = 2013 (July to December){{cite web|publisher = Audit Bureau of Circulations | website = abc.org.uk | title = Paid Newspapers - Republic of Ireland - Irish Examiner - Jul to Dec 2013 | url = http://abc.org.uk/Certificates/18949139.pdf}}
| data17 = 35,028 | label17 = 2014 (January to June){{cite web|url=http://www.ilevel.ie/media-blog/print/morning-newspaper-circulation-jan-june-2015 |title=Morning Newspaper Circulation Jan June 2014 - SEO Ireland, Search Engine Optimisation, Media and Marketing Consulting |author=Conor Doyle |work=ilevel.ie |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826160959/http://www.ilevel.ie/media-blog/print/morning-newspaper-circulation-jan-june-2015 |archive-date=26 August 2014 }}
| data18 = 33,198 | label18 = 2015 (January to June){{cite web|url=http://www.ilevel.ie/media-blog/print/abc-circulation-jan-june-2015 |title=ABC Circulation Jan June 2015 |access-date=20 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906174223/http://www.ilevel.ie/media-blog/print/abc-circulation-jan-june-2015 |archive-date=6 September 2015 | website = ilevel.ie }}
| data19 = 30,964 | label19 = 2016 (January to June){{cite web|publisher = Audit Bureau of Circulations | website = abc.org.uk | title = Paid Newspapers - Republic of Ireland - Irish Examiner - Jan to Jun 2016 | url = http://abc.org.uk/Certificates/47920369.pdf }}
| data20 = 28,338 | label20 = 2017 (January to June){{cite web|publisher = Audit Bureau of Circulations | website = abc.org.uk | title = Paid Newspapers - Republic of Ireland - Irish Examiner - Jan to Jun 2017 | url = https://www.abc.org.uk/Certificates/48554620.pdf }}
| data22 = 26,085 | label22 = 2018 (January to June){{cite web|publisher = Audit Bureau of Circulations | website = abc.org.uk | title = Paid Newspapers - Republic of Ireland - Irish Examiner - Jan to Jun 2018 | url = https://www.abc.org.uk/Certificates/49061000.pdf }}
| data23 = 25,419 | label23 = 2018 (July to December){{cite web|publisher = Audit Bureau of Circulations | website = abc.org.uk | title = Paid Newspapers - Republic of Ireland - Irish Examiner - Jul to Dec 2018 | url = https://www.abc.org.uk/Certificates/49256464.pdf}}
| data24 = 24,574 | label24 = 2019 (January to June){{cite web|url = http://www.ilevel.ie/print/irish-newspaper-circulation-jan-june-2019-island-of-ireland-report/ |website = ilevel.ie | title = Irish Newspaper Circulation Jan-June 2019 Island of Ireland Report |date = 22 August 2019 }}
| data25 = 23,387 | label25 = 2019 (July to December){{cite web|publisher = Audit Bureau of Circulations | website = abc.org.uk | title = Paid Newspapers - Republic of Ireland - Irish Examiner - Jul to Dec 2019 | url = https://www.abc.org.uk/Certificates/49620029.pdf}}}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commons category}}
- {{Official website|https://www.irishexaminer.com/}}
{{Cork City}}
{{Media in County Cork}}
{{Newspapers in the Republic of Ireland}}
{{Ireland newspapers}}
Category:1841 establishments in Ireland
Category:Mass media in County Cork
Category:Newspapers established in 1841
Category:Newspapers published in the Republic of Ireland
Category:Organisations based in Cork (city)