Irish exonyms
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
This is a list of Irish language exonyms for places outside of Ireland. The tables contain both endonyms and exonyms of places around the world, with the exonyms written in Irish and the endonyms in their regional language(s).
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Algeria
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Algeria}} an Ailgéir |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| rowspan="2" |Algiers
| rowspan="2" |Cathair na hAilgéire |Al Jāza'ir (الجزائر) | |
| Dzayer
| |
Belgium
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Belgium}} an Bheilg |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Antwerp
|Antuairp |Antwerpen | |
| rowspan="2" |Brussels
| rowspan="2" |an Bhruiséil |Brussel | |
| Bruxelles
| |
| Flanders
|Flóndras |Vlaanderen | |
| Leuven
|Lováin |Leuven |Site of St Anthony's College, Leuven, a centre of Irish learning and culture on the Continent |
| Ostend
|Ostainn |Oostende | |
| rowspan="2" |Wallonia
| rowspan="2" |an Vallúin |Wallonie | |
| Walonreye
| |
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Canada
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Canada}} Ceanada |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| rowspan="2" |Labrador
| rowspan="2" |(Leithinis) Labradar |Labrador | |
| Nunatsuak
| |
| rowspan="3" |Newfoundland
| rowspan="3" |Talamh an Éisc |Ikkarumikluak |rowspan="3"|Irish name means "fishing grounds"; Newfoundland was settled by large numbers of Irish emigrants |
| Newfoundland |
| Terre-Neuve |
| rowspan="3" |Nova Scotia
| rowspan="3" |Albain Nua |Alba Nuadh | |
| Nouvelle-Écosse
| |
| Nova Scotia
| |
China
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |{{Flag|Denmark}} an Danmhairg |
| English name
!Irish name !Endonym !Notes |
|---|
| Copenhagen
|Cóbanhávan |København | |
| Jutland
|an Iútlainn |Jylland | |
| Zealand
|an tSéalainn |Sjælland | |
Egypt
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Egypt}} an Éigipt |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Cairo
|Caireo | | | |
France
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|France}} an Fhrainc |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |French place ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| rowspan="2" |Bordeaux
| rowspan="2" |Bordghal |Bordeaux |French | |
| Bordèu
|Gascon |From Latin Burdigula{{cite book|author=Molloy, Cian|title=The Story of the Irish Pub|publisher=The Liffey Press|year=2002|pages=14}} |
| rowspan="2" |Brittany
| rowspan="2" |an Bhríotáin |Breizh |Breton | |
| Bretagne
|French | |
| Burgundy
|an Bhurgúin |Bourgogne |French | |
| rowspan="2" |Corsica
| rowspan="2" |an Chorsaic |Corse |French | |
| Corsica
|Italian | |
| rowspan="3" |Lorraine
| rowspan="3" |an Lorráin |Lorraine |French | |
| Lottringe
|West Franconian | |
| Louréne
|Lorrain | |
| rowspan="2" |Normandy
| rowspan="2" |an Normainn |Normandie |French | |
| Normaundie
|Norman | |
| Paris
|Páras |Paris |French | |
Germany
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Germany}} an Ghearmáin |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Bavaria
|an Bhaváir |Bayern |German | |
| Berlin
|Beirlín |Berlin |German |
| rowspan="3" |Saxony
| rowspan="3" |an tSacsain |Sachsen |German | rowspan="3" | |
| Saggsn
|Upper Saxon |
| Sakska
|Upper Sorbian |
Great Britain
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Great Britain}} and Crown dependencies: an Bhreatain Mhór |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Aberdeen
|Obar Dheathain |Obar Dheathain |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bristol
|Briostó |Bristol |English | |
| Cardiff
|Caedydd |Caerdydd |Welsh | |
| Carlisle
|Cathair Luail |Carlisle |English | |
| Coatbridge
|Drochaid an Chóta |Drochaid a' Chòta |Scottish Gaelic | |
| rowspan="2" |Cornwall
|an Chorn | rowspan="2" |Kernow | rowspan="2" |Cornish | |
| Corn na Breataine
| |
| Douglas
|Dúlais |Doolish |Manx | |
| Glasgow
|Glaschú |Glaschu |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Dundee
|Dún Déagh |Dùn Dèagh |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Edinburgh
|Dún Éideann |Dùn Èideann |Scottish Gaelic | |
| England
|Sasana |England |English |From Old Irish Saxain (“Saxons, England”).{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w1k-AQAAMAAJ&q=From+Old+Irish+Saxain+(%E2%80%9CSaxons,+England%E2%80%9D)|title=Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores, Or, Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland During the Middle Ages|date=September 18, 1887|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans and Roberts|via=Google Books}}{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SJNnAAAAMAAJ&q=Old+Irish+Saxain&pg=PA554|title=Lectures on the Manuscript Materials of Ancient Irish History: Delivered at the Catholic University of Ireland, During the Sessions of 1855 and 1856|first=Eugene|last=O'Curry|date=July 20, 1878|publisher=William A. Hinch|via=Google Books}} |
| Guernsey
|Geansaí | | | |
| Hebrides
|Inse Ghall |na h-Innse Gall |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Inverness
|Inbhear Nis |Inbhir Nis |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Isle of Man
|Manainn |Mannin |Manx |Translation Oileán Mhanann (from {{Langx|gv|Ellan Vannin}}) also used |
| Isle of Wight
|Inis Iocht |Isle of Wight |English | |
| Jersey
|Geirsí | | | |
| Liverpool
|Learpoll, Learpholl |Liverpool |English | |
| London
|Londain |London |English | |
| Manchester
|Manchain |Manchester |English |From Latin Mancunia |
| Orkney
|Inse Orc |Arcaibh |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Oxford
|Áth na nDamh |Oxford |English |
| Perth
|Peairt |Peairt |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Scotland
|Albain |Alba |Scottish Gaelic |See Alba |
| rowspan="2" |Severn
| rowspan="2" |an tSabhrainn |Severn |English | |
| Hafren
|Welsh | |
| Stirling
|Sruighle |Sruighlea |Scottish Gaelic |English name also used in Irish |
| Strathclyde
|Srath Chluaidh |Srath Chluaidh |Scottish Gaelic | |
| Thames
|an Tamais |Thames |English | |
| Wales
|an Bhreatain Bheag |Cymru |Welsh |Literally "Little Britain."{{Cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/in-a-word-wales-1.3821916|title=In a Word . . . Wales|first=Patsy|last=McGarry|newspaper=The Irish Times}} |
| York
|Eabhrac |York |English |
Greece
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Greece}} an Ghréig |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Language
!Notes |
| Athens
|an Aithin | | | |
| Crete
|an Chréit | | | |
| Rhodes
|Ródas | | | |
| Thessaloniki
|Teasaloinicé | | | |
Iceland
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |{{Flag|Iceland}} an Íoslainn |
| English name
!Irish name !Endonym !Notes |
|---|
| Reykjavík
|Réicivíc |Reykjavík | |
India
Indonesia
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Indonesia}} an Indinéis |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Jakarta
|Iacárta |Jakarta |Indonesian | |
Israel
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Israel}} an Iosrael |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| rowspan="2" |Jerusalem
| rowspan="2" |Iarúsailéim |Al-Quds |Arabic |rowspan="2"|From Latin Ierusalem. The earliest Irish form is Old Irish Hierosalem, from the 8th-century poems of Blathmac mac Con Brettan. |
| Yerushalayim (ירושלים)
|Hebrew |
Italy
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Italy}} an Iodáil |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Florence
|Flórans | | | |
| Lombardy
|an Lombaird | | | |
| Milan
| | | |
| Piedmont
|Píodmant | | | |
| Rome
|an Róimh | | | |
| Sardinia
|an tSairdín | | | |
| Sicily
|an tSicil | | | |
| Tuscany
|an Tuscáin | | | |
| Venice
|an Veinéis | | | |
Libya
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Libya}} an Libia |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Tripoli
|Tripilí | | | |
Lithuania
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Lithuania}} an Liotuáin |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Vilnius
|Vilnias |Vilnius |Lithuanian | |
Moldova
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Moldova}} an Mholdóiv |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Chişinău
|Císineá | | | |
Myanmar
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Myanmar}} Maenmar |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Yangon
|Rangún | | | |
Palestine
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Palestine}} an Phalaistín |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| rowspan="2" |Bethlehem
| rowspan="2" |Beithil |بيت لحم (Beit Lahm) |Arabic | rowspan="2" | |
| בֵּית לֶחֶם (Bet Leḥem)
|Hebrew |
| rowspan="2" |Jerusalem
| rowspan="2" |Iarúsailéim |القُدس (Al-Quds) |Arabic | rowspan="2" |From Latin Ierusalem. The earliest Irish form is Old Irish Hierosalem, from the 8th-century poems of Blathmac mac Con Brettan. |
| יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yershuláyim)
|Hebrew |
| rowspan="3" |Nazareth
| rowspan="3" |Nazarat |النَّاصِرَة (an-Nāṣira) |Arabic | rowspan="3" | |
| נָצְרַת (Natsrat)
|Hebrew |
| ܢܨܪܬ, (Naṣrath) |
Poland
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Poland}} an Pholainn |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Warsaw
|Vársá |Warzawa |Polish | |
Portugal
Romania
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Romania}} an Rómáin |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Bucharest
|Búcairist |Bucureşti |Romanian | |
Russia
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Russia}} an Rúis |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Moscow
|Moscó |Moskva |Russian | |
| Saint Petersburg
|Cathair Pheadair |Sankt Peterburg |Russian | |
| Siberia
|an tSibéir | | | |
| Ural
|an Úrail | | | |
Serbia
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |{{Flag|Serbia}} an tSeirbia |
| English name
!Irish name !Endonym !Notes |
|---|
| Belgrade
|Béalgrád |Beograd | |
South Korea
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |{{Flag|South Korea}} an Chóiré Theas |
| English name
!Irish name !Endonym !Notes |
|---|
| Seoul
|Súl | | |
Spain
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Spain}} an Spáinn |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| rowspan="2" |A Coruña
|an Choróin | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" | |Obsolete |
| Cathair na Cruinne
| |
| Aragon
|an Aragóin | | | |
| Galicia
|an Ghailís | | | |
| Mallorca
|Mallarca | | | |
| Menorca
|Mionarca | | | |
| Seville
|Seville | | | |
Sudan
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Sudan}} an tSúdáin |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Khartoum
|Cartúm | | | |
Sweden
Switzerland
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Switzerland}} an Eilvéis |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| rowspan="2" |Geneva
| rowspan="2" |an Ghinéiv |Genf |German | |
| Genève
|French | |
Syria
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Syria}} an tSiria |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Damascus
|an Damaisc |Dimašq |Standard Arabic | |
Tunisia
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Tunisia}} an Túnéis |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Tunisian place ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Tunis
|Túinis | | | |
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|United Arab Emirates}} Aontas na nÉimíríochtaí Arabacha |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Abu Dhabi
|Abú Daibí | | | |
United States
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|United States}} Stáit Aontaithe |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Boston
|Bostún |Boston |English | |
| Ellis Island
|Oileán an Choraintín |Ellis Island |English |Meaning ‘Quarantine Island,’ reflecting the fact that Irish arrivals in New York were seen as carriers of infections and obliged to spend periods of quarantine there. |
| Hawai'i
|Haváí |Hawai'i |English, Hawaiian | |
| New York City
|Nua-Eabhrac |New York City |English |
Vietnam
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="5" |{{Flag|Vietnam}} Vítneam |
| rowspan="2" |English name
! rowspan="2" |Irish name ! colspan="2" |Endonym ! rowspan="2" |Notes |
|---|
| Name
!Language |
| Hanoi
|Hanáí |Hà Nội |Vietnamese | |
References
- [http://www.tearma.ie/Home.aspx téarma.ie] – Téarma – the National Terminology Database for Irish, developed by Fiontar (Dublin City University) in collaboration with An Coiste Téarmaíochta (Foras na Gaeilge)
{{reflist}}
See also
{{Exonyms per language}}{{Place name etymologies}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Irish Exonyms}}