Isaiah 28#Verse 16

{{Bible chapter|letname= Isaiah 28 |previouslink= Isaiah 27 |previousletter= chapter 27 |nextlink= Isaiah 29 |nextletter= chapter 29 |book=Book of Isaiah |biblepart=Old Testament | booknum= 23 |hbiblepart= Nevi'im | hbooknum = 5 |category= Latter Prophets | filename= Great Isaiah Scroll.jpg |size=242px | name=Great Isaiah Scroll |caption=

The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.

}}

Isaiah 28 is the twenty-eighth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah and is one of the Books of the Prophets. The Jerusalem Bible groups chapters 28-35 together as a collection of "poems on Israel and Judah".Jerusalem Bible (1966), Isaiah section E: Poems on Israel and Judah

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 29 verses.

=Textual witnesses=

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}

Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (3rd century BC or later):

1QIsa^a: complete
1QIsa^b: extant: verses 15‑19, 28‑29
4QIsa^f (4Q60): extant: verses 6‑9, 16‑18, 22, 28‑29
4QIsa^k (4Q64): extant: verses 26‑29

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; $\mathfrak{G}$ ^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: $\mathfrak{G}$ ^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; $\mathfrak{G}$ ^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; $\mathfrak{G}$ ^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.As reflected in the [http://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0.htm Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English]. Isaiah 28 is a part of the Prophecies about Judah and Israel (Isaiah 24 –35). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

: {P} 28:1-4 {S} 28:5-6 {S} 28:7-8 {P} 28:9-13 {P} 28:14-15 {P} 28:16-17 {S} 28:18-22 {P} 28:23-29 {P}

{{Anchor|Verses 1–13}}Captivity of Ephraim (28:1–13)

=Verse 1=

:Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine!{{bibleverse|Isaiah|28:1|KJV}} KJV

"Crown": refers to Samaria, the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel ("Ephraim"), where the priests and prophets are included among the drunkards (cf. {{bibleverse|Isaiah|28:7|9|verse 7}}).Note [a] on Isaiah 28:1 in NET Bible

{{Anchor|Verses 14–22}}A cornerstone in Zion (28:14–22)

=Verse 16=

: Therefore thus saith the Lord God,

:: Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone,

::: a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation:

::: he that believeth shall not make haste.{{bibleref2|Isaiah|28:16|KJV}} KJV

Cited in Romans 9:33, Ephesians 2:20, 1 Peter 2:6 ,8[https://www.esv.org/Romans+9:33;Ephesians+2:20;1+Peter+2:6;Isaiah+28:16/ Romans 9:33, 1 Peter 2:8, Isaiah 28:16] - ESV[https://www.esv.org/Isaiah+28:16;Romans+9:33;Romans+9:1;1+Peter+2:6;Psalm+118:22;Matthew+21:42;Acts+4:11/ Isaiah 28:16, Romans 9:33, 1 Peter 2:6, Psalm 118:22, Matthew 21:42, Acts4:11] - ESV

{{Anchor|23–29}}Parable of the farmer (28:23–29)

Verses 23–29 constitute a parable or mashal drawn from the "wisdom of the countryman".Jerusalem Bible (1966), sub-heading to Isaiah 28:23-29 He first of all claims the attention of his audience as a teacher of wisdom, next shares his illustration from the approach of the farmer, then "leaves his hearers to interpret and apply the parable themselves".

References

Bibliography

{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

External links

=Jewish=

[http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1028.htm Isaiah 28 Hebrew with Parallel English]

=Christian=

[http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=27&c=28 Isaiah 28 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate]