Isaiah 45

{{Short description|45th chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible}}

{{Bible chapter|letname= Isaiah 45 |previouslink= Isaiah 44 |previousletter= chapter 44 |nextlink= Isaiah 46 |nextletter= chapter 46 |book=Book of Isaiah |biblepart=Old Testament | booknum= 23 |hbiblepart= Nevi'im | hbooknum = 5 |category= Latter Prophets | filename= Great Isaiah Scroll.jpg |size=242px | name=Great Isaiah Scroll |caption=

The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.

}}

Isaiah 45 is the forty-fifth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets.

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew belong to the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}

Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (3rd century BC or later):

1QIsa^a: complete
1QIsa^b: extant: verses 1‑13
4QIsa^b (4Q56): extant: verses 20‑25
4QIsa^c (4Q57): extant: verses 1‑4, 6‑13

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; $\mathfrak{G}$ ^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: $\mathfrak{G}$ ^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; $\mathfrak{G}$ ^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; $\mathfrak{G}$ ^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}

This chapter is divided into 25 verses.

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.As reflected in the [http://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0.htm Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English]. Isaiah 45 is a part of the Consolations (Isaiah 40 –66). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

: {P} 45:1-7 {P} 45:8 {S} 45:9 {S} 45:10 {S} 45:11-13 {S} 45:14-17 {P} 45:18-25 [46:1-2 {P}]

Verse 1

{{quote|Thus saith the LORD to His anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him, and to loose the loins of kings; to open the doors before him, and that the gates may not be shut:|{{bibleverse|Isaiah|45:1|HE}}}}

The Septuagint refers to Cyrus the Great as "my anointed".Brenton, [https://biblehub.com/sep/isaiah/45.htm Brenton's Septuagint Translation] of Isaiah 45

Verse 4

{{quote|For the sake of Jacob my servant, of Israel my chosen, I summon you by name and bestow on you a title of honor, though you do not acknowledge me.|{{bibleverse|Isaiah|45:4|NIV}}: New International Version}}

Some older translations state "I have surnamed you".Online Parallel Bible Project, versions quoted by Bible Hub at [https://biblehub.com/isaiah/45-4.htm Isaiah 45:4], accessed 22 October 2023

Verse 13

{{quote|I have roused him up in victory, and I make level all his ways; he shall build My city, and he shall let Mine exiles go free, not for price nor reward, saith the LORD of hosts.|{{bibleverse|Isaiah|45:13|HE}}}}

Verse 14

{{quote|Thus saith the LORD: The labour of Egypt, and the merchandise of Ethiopia, and of the Sabeans, men of stature, shall come over unto thee, and they shall be thine; they shall go after thee, in chains they shall come over; and they shall fall down unto thee, they shall make supplication unto thee: Surely God is in thee, and there is none else, there is no other God.|{{bibleverse|Isaiah|45:14|HE}}}}

The Egyptian, Ethiopian and Sabaean peoples "are apparently represented here as already conquered by Cyrus". The text may be interpreted as foretelling "spontaneous homage rendered to Israel by distant nations of the earth", or in terms of a prospective conquest; for John Skinner, in the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges, "the whole scene strongly suggests a submission that has been preceded by humiliation and defeat. The meaning probably is that the treasures of the nations are made over to Israel by Cyrus".Skinner, J., [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/isaiah/45.htm Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges] on Isaiah 45, accessed 16 August 2018

Verse 25

{{quote|In the Lord shall all the seed of Israel be justified, and shall glory.|{{bibleverse|Isaiah|45:25|HE}}}}

Uses

=Music=

"Isaiah 45:23" is a song title in the album "The Life of the World to Come" inspired by this verse that was released by the American band The Mountain Goats in 2009.{{cite magazine|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/the-mountain-goats-the-life-of-the-world-to-come/1863 |title=The Mountain Goats: The Life of the World to Come | Music Review |magazine=Slant Magazine |date=2009-10-05 |accessdate=2012-03-15}}

References

Bibliography

{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

External links

=Jewish=

[http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1045.htm Isaiah 45 Original Hebrew with Parallel English]

=Christian=

[http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=27&c=45 Isaiah 45 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate]