Ischnura
{{Short description|Genus of damselflies}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image =Ischnura_heterosticta02.jpg
| image_caption = Ischnura heterosticta
| taxon = Ischnura
| authority = Charpentier, 1840{{Cite book|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433011575317?urlappend=%3Bseq=28|title=Libellulinae Europaeae Descriptae et Depictae|last=Charpentier|first=T.|publisher=Leopold Voss|year=1840|location=Leipzig|pages=180 [20]|language=la|hdl=2027/nyp.33433011575317}}
| synonyms = Boninagrion {{small|Asahina, 1952}}
}}
Ischnura is a genus of damselflies known as forktails (or sometimes bluetails) in the family Coenagrionidae.{{Cite web|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Ischnura|title=Genus Ischnura Charpentier, 1840|date=2012|website=Australian Faunal Directory|publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study|access-date=3 April 2017}}
Forktails are distributed worldwide, including various oceanic islands. The males have a forked projection at the tip of the abdomen which gives the group their common name.
Characteristics
Forktails are small or very small damselflies. The compound eyes of mature individuals have a dark upper region and contrasting lower part. The thorax is often green and may have lateral stripes and the abdomen in males is black with a blue tip. Females of some species are polymorphic, some being orangish and darkening with age, while others resemble the male.{{cite book|author=Paulson, Dennis |title=Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wnX1nJSmFfAC&pg=PA107 |year=2009 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-3294-1 |page=107}}
Species
The genus Ischnura includes the following species:{{World Odonata List}}{{cite web|title=Odonata species list|url=http://www2.nrm.se/en/odonata.html|publisher=Swedish Museum of Natural History|access-date=11 August 2010|archive-date=17 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110117044205/http://www2.nrm.se/en/odonata.html|url-status=dead}}
{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
- Ischnura abyssinica {{small|Martin, 1908}}
- Ischnura acuticauda {{small|Lieftinck, 1959}}
- Ischnura albistigma {{small|Fraser, 1927}}
- Ischnura aralensis {{small|Haritonov, 1979}}
- Ischnura ariel {{small|Lieftinck, 1949}}
- Ischnura asiatica {{small|(Brauer, 1865)}} – Redtail{{cite book|title=The complete field guide to dragonflies of Australia|year=2006|publisher=CSIRO Publishing|isbn=0-643-09073-8|author1=Günther Theischinger |author2=John Hawking }}
- Ischnura aurora {{small|Brauer, 1865}} – Aurora bluetail
- Ischnura barberi {{small|Currie, 1903}} – Desert forktail
- Ischnura buxtoni {{small|Fraser, 1927}}
- Ischnura capreolus {{small|(Hagen, 1861)}}
- Ischnura cardinalis {{small|Kimmins, 1929}}
- Ischnura cervula {{small|Selys, 1876}} – Pacific forktail
- Ischnura chingaza {{small|Realpe, 2010}}
- Ischnura chromostigma {{small|Fraser, 1927}}
- Ischnura cruzi {{small|De Marmels, 1987}}
- Ischnura cyane {{small|Realpe, 2010}}
- Ischnura damula {{small|Calvert, 1902}} – Plains forktail{{cite web|title=Species List: Damselflies|url=http://www.azdragonfly.net/list/damselflies|work=azdragonfly.net|access-date=2010-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721143948/http://www.azdragonfly.net/list/damselflies|archive-date=2011-07-21|url-status=dead}}
- Ischnura demorsa {{small|(Hagen, 1861)}} – Mexican forktail
- Ischnura denticollis {{small|(Burmeister, 1839)}} – Black-fronted forktail
- Ischnura dorothea {{small|Fraser, 1924}}
- Ischnura elegans {{small|(vanderLinden, 1823)}} – Blue-tailed damselfly{{cite web|title=Checklist of UK Species|url=http://www.british-dragonflies.org.uk/content/uk-species|publisher=British Dragonfly Society|access-date=5 August 2010}}
- Ischnura erratica {{small|Calvert, 1895}} – Swift forktail{{cite web|title=California Damselflies|url=http://southwestdragonflies.net/damsels/2_Zygoptera.html|work=Dragonflies (Odonata) of the Southwest|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090923023823/http://southwestdragonflies.net/damsels/2_Zygoptera.html|archive-date=2009-09-23}}
- Ischnura evansi {{small|Morton, 1919}} – Blue-banded damsel{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}}
- Ischnura ezoin {{small|(Asahina, 1952)}}
- Ischnura filosa {{small|Schmidt, 1951}}
- Ischnura fluviatilis {{small|Selys, 1876}}
- Ischnura forcipata {{small|Morton, 1907}}
- Ischnura fountaineae {{small|Morton, 1905}} – Oasis bluetail
- Ischnura gemina {{small|(Kennedy, 1917)}} – San Francisco forktail
- Ischnura genei {{small|(Rambur, 1842)}} – Island bluetail{{cite web|title=Checklist, English common names |url=http://www.dragonflypix.com/checklist.html |publisher=DragonflyPix.com |access-date=5 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204160258/http://www.dragonflypix.com/checklist.html |archive-date= 4 December 2012 }}
- Ischnura graellsii {{small|(Rambur, 1842)}} – Iberian bluetail
- Ischnura haemastigma {{small|Fraser, 1927}}
- Ischnura hastata {{small|(Say, 1839)}} – Citrine forktail
- Ischnura heterosticta {{small|(Burmeister, 1839)}} – Common bluetail
- Ischnura inarmata {{small|Calvert, 1898}}
- Ischnura indivisa {{small|(Ris, 1918)}}
- Ischnura intermedia {{small|Dumont 1974}}
- Ischnura isoetes {{small|Lieftinck, 1949}}
- Ischnura karafutonis {{small|Matsumura, 1931}}{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}}
- Ischnura kellicotti {{small|Williamson, 1898}} – Lilypad forktail{{cite web|title=North American Odonata|url=http://www.pugetsound.edu/academics/academic-resources/slater-museum/biodiversity-resources/dragonflies/north-american-odonata/|publisher=University of Puget Sound|access-date=5 August 2010|year=2009}}
- Ischnura luta {{small|Polhemus, Asquith & Miller, 2000}}
- Ischnura ordosi {{small|Bartenev, 1912}}
- Ischnura pamelae {{small|Vick & Davies, 1988}}
- Ischnura perparva {{small|Selys, 1876}} – Western forktail
- Ischnura posita {{small|(Hagen, 1861)}} – Fragile forktail{{cite book|last=Abbott|first=John|title=Dragonflies and Damselflies (Odonata) of Texas, Vol 3|year=2008|publisher=Odonata Survey of Texas|isbn=978-0-615-19494-3}}
- Ischnura prognata {{small|(Hagen, 1861)}} – Furtive forktail
- Ischnura pruinescens {{small|(Tillyard, 1906)}} – Colourful bluetail
- Ischnura pumilio {{small| (Charpentier, 1825)}} – Small bluetail or scarce blue-tailed damselfly
- Ischnura ramburii {{small|(Selys, 1850)}} – Rambur's forktail
- Ischnura rhodosoma {{small|Lieftinck, 1959}}
- Ischnura rubella {{small|Navás, 1934}}
- Ischnura rufostigma {{small|Selys, 1876}}
- Ischnura rufovittata {{small|(Blanchard, 1843)}}
- Ischnura saharensis {{small|Aguesse, 1958}} – Sahara bluetail{{Cite iucn | author = Samraoui, B. | author2 = Dijkstra, K.-D.B. | name-list-style = amp | title = Ischnura saharensis | volume = 2010 | page = e.T165477A6031236 | date = 2010 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T165477A6031236.en | access-date = 24 December 2017}}
- Ischnura sanguinostigma {{small|Fraser, 1953}}
- Ischnura senegalensis {{small|(Rambur, 1842)}} – Marsh bluetail{{cite iucn |author=Sharma, G. |author2=Clausnitzer, V. |date=2016 |title=Ischnura senegalensis |volume=2016 |page=e.T59897A75436136 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59897A75436136.en |access-date=15 November 2021}}
- Ischnura spinicauda {{small|Brauer, 1865}}
- Ischnura stueberi {{small|Lieftinck, 1932}}
- Ischnura taitensis {{small|Selys, 1876}}
- Ischnura thelmae {{small|Lieftinck, 1966}}
- Ischnura ultima {{small|Ris, 1908}}
- †Ischnura velteni {{small|Bechly, 2000}} {{cite journal |last1=Toussaint |first1=E. F. A. |last2=Bybee |first2=S. M. |last3=Erickson |first3=R. J. |last4=Condamine |first4=F. L. |date=8 February 2019 |title=Forest giants on different evolutionary branches: Ecomorphological convergence in helicopter damselflies |journal=Evolution |volume=73 |issue=5 |pages=1045–1054 |doi=10.1111/evo.13695|pmid=30734925 |s2cid=73426853 }}
- Ischnura verticalis {{small|(Say, 1839)}} – Eastern forktail
- Ischnura vinsoni {{small|Fraser, 1949}}
}}
References
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{{Wikispecies|position=left}}
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Category:Odonata of New Zealand
Category:Odonata of North America
Category:Odonata of South America