Isotopes of copper#Copper-68m

Copper (₂₉Cu) has two stable isotopes, ⁶³Cu and ⁶⁵Cu, along with 28 radioisotopes. The most stable radioisotope is ⁶⁷Cu with a half-life of 61.83 hours. Most of the others have half-lives under a minute. Unstable copper isotopes with atomic masses below 63 tend to undergo β⁺ decay, while isotopes with atomic masses above 65 tend to undergo β⁻ decay. ⁶⁴Cu decays by both β⁺ and β⁻.

There are at least 10 metastable isomers of copper, including two each for ⁷⁰Cu and ⁷⁵Cu. The most stable of these is ^68mCu with a half-life of 3.75 minutes. The least stable is ^75m2Cu with a half-life of 149 ns.

List of isotopes

{{Isotopes table

| symbol = Cu

| refs = NUBASE2020, AME2020 II

| notes = m, unc(), mass#, exen#, spin(), spin#, daughter-st, p, n, IT

}}

|-id=Copper-55

| rowspan=2|⁵⁵Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 26

| rowspan=2|54.96604(17)

| rowspan=2|55.9(15) ms

| β⁺

| ⁵⁵Ni

| rowspan=2|3/2−#

| rowspan=2|

| β⁺, p (?%)

| ⁵⁴Co

|-id=Copper-56

| rowspan=2|⁵⁶Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 27

| rowspan=2|55.9585293(69)

| rowspan=2|80.8(6) ms

| β⁺ (99.60%)

| ⁵⁶Ni

| rowspan=2|(4+)

| rowspan=2|

| β⁺, p (0.40%)

| ⁵⁵Co

|-id=Copper-57

| ⁵⁷Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 28

| 56.94921169(54)

| 196.4(7) ms

| β⁺

| ⁵⁷Ni

| 3/2−

|-id=Copper-58

| ⁵⁸Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| 57.94453228(60)

| 3.204(7) s

| β⁺

| ⁵⁸Ni

| 1+

|-id=Copper-59

| ⁵⁹Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 30

| 58.93949671(57)

| 81.5(5) s

| β⁺

| ⁵⁹Ni

| 3/2−

|-id=Copper-60

| ⁶⁰Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 31

| 59.9373638(17)

| 23.7(4) min

| β⁺

| ⁶⁰Ni

| 2+

|-id=Copper-61

| ⁶¹Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 32

| 60.9334574(10)

| 3.343(16) h

| β⁺

| ⁶¹Ni

| 3/2−

|-id=Copper-62

| ⁶²Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 33

| 61.9325948(07)

| 9.672(8) min

| β⁺

| ⁶²Ni

| 1+

|-id=Copper-63

| ⁶³Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 34

| 62.92959712(46)

| colspan=3 align=center|Stable

| 3/2−

| 0.6915(15)

| rowspan=2|⁶⁴Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 35

| rowspan=2|63.92976400(46)

| rowspan=2|12.7004(13) h

| β⁺ (61.52%)

| ⁶⁴Ni

| rowspan=2|1+

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻ (38.48%)

| ⁶⁴Zn

|-id=Copper-65

| ⁶⁵Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 36

| 64.92778948(69)

| colspan=3 align=center|Stable

| 3/2−

| 0.3085(15)

|-id=Copper-66

| ⁶⁶Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 37

| 65.92886880(70)

| 5.120(14) min

| β⁻

| ⁶⁶Zn

| 1+

|-id=Copper-66m

| style="text-indent:1em" | ^66mCu

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1154.2(14) keV

| 600(17) ns

| IT

| ⁶⁶Cu

| (6)−

|-id=Copper-67

| ⁶⁷Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 38

| 66.92772949(96)

| 61.83(12) h

| β⁻

| ⁶⁷Zn

| 3/2−

|-id=Copper-68

| ⁶⁸Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 39

| 67.9296109(17)

| 30.9(6) s

| β⁻

| ⁶⁸Zn

| 1+

|-id=Copper-68m

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^68mCu

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 721.26(8) keV

| rowspan=2|3.75(5) min

| IT (86%)

| ⁶⁸Cu

| rowspan=2|6−

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻ (14%)

| ⁶⁸Zn

|-id=Copper-69

| ⁶⁹Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 40

| 68.929429267(15)

| 2.85(15) min

| β⁻

| ⁶⁹Zn

| 3/2−

|-id=Copper-69m

| style="text-indent:1em" | ^69mCu

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2742.0(7) keV

| 357(2) ns

| IT

| ⁶⁹Cu

| (13/2+)

|-id=Copper-70

| ⁷⁰Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 41

| 69.9323921(12)

| 44.5(2) s

| β⁻

| ⁷⁰Zn

| 6−

|-id=Copper-70m1

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^70m1Cu

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 101.1(3) keV

| rowspan=2|33(2) s

| β⁻ (52%)

| ⁷⁰Zn

| rowspan=2|3−

| rowspan=2|

| IT (48%)

| ⁷⁰Cu

|-id=Copper-70m2

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^70m2Cu

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 242.6(5) keV

| rowspan=2|6.6(2) s

| β⁻ (93.2%)

| ⁷⁰Zn

| rowspan=2|1+

| rowspan=2|

| IT (6.8%)

| ⁷⁰Cu

|-id=Copper-71

| ⁷¹Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 42

| 70.9326768(16)

| 19.4(14) s

| β⁻

| ⁷¹Zn

| 3/2−

|-id=Copper-71m

| style="text-indent:1em" | ^71mCu

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2755.7(6) keV

| 271(13) ns

| IT

| ⁷¹Cu

| (19/2−)

|-id=Copper-72

| ⁷²Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 43

| 71.9358203(15)

| 6.63(3) s

| β⁻

| ⁷²Zn

| 2−

|-id=Copper-72m

| style="text-indent:1em" | ^72mCu

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 270(3) keV

| 1.76(3) μs

| IT

| ⁷²Cu

| (6−)

|-id=Copper-73

| rowspan=2|⁷³Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 44

| rowspan=2|72.9366744(21)

| rowspan=2|4.20(12) s

| β⁻ (99.71%)

| ⁷³Zn

| rowspan=2|3/2−

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻, n (0.29%)

| ⁷²Zn

|-id=Copper-74

| rowspan=2|⁷⁴Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45

| rowspan=2|73.9398749(66)

| rowspan=2|1.606(9) s

| β⁻ (99.93%)

| ⁷⁴Zn

| rowspan=2|2−

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻, n (0.075%)

| ⁷³Zn

|-id=Copper-75

| rowspan=2|⁷⁵Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 46

| rowspan=2|74.94152382(77)

| rowspan=2|1.224(3) s

| β⁻ (97.3%)

| ⁷⁵Zn

| rowspan=2|5/2−

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻, n (2.7%)

| ⁷⁴Zn

|-id=Copper-75m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | ^75m1Cu

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 61.7(4) keV

| 0.310(8) μs

| IT

| ⁷⁵Cu

| 1/2−

|-id=Copper-75m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | ^75m2Cu

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 66.2(4) keV

| 0.149(5) μs

| IT

| ⁷⁵Cu

| 3/2−

|-id=Copper-76

| rowspan=2|⁷⁶Cu{{cite journal |last1=Canete |first1=L. |last2=Giraud |first2=S. |last3=Kankainen |first3=A. |last4=Bastin |first4=B. |last5=Nowacki |first5=F. |last6=Ascher |first6=P. |last7=Eronen |first7=T. |last8=Girard Alcindor |first8=V. |last9=Jokinen |first9=A. |last10=Khanam |first10=A. |last11=Moore |first11=I.D. |last12=Nesterenko |first12=D. |last13=De Oliveira |first13=F. |last14=Penttilä |first14=H. |last15=Petrone |first15=C. |last16=Pohjalainen |first16=I. |last17=De Roubin |first17=A. |last18=Rubchenya |first18=V. |last19=Vilen |first19=M. |last20=Äystö |first20=J. |title=Long-sought isomer turns out to be the ground state of 76Cu |journal=Physics Letters B |date=June 2024 |volume=853 |pages=138663 |doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138663|arxiv=2401.14018 }}

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 47

| rowspan=2|75.9452370(21)

| rowspan=2|1.27(30) s

| β⁻ (?%)

| ⁷⁶Zn

| rowspan=2|(1,2)

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻, n (?%)

| ⁷⁵Zn

|-id=Copper-76m

| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | ^76mCu

| rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 64.8(25) keV

| rowspan=3|637.7(55) ms

| β⁻ (?%)

| ⁷⁶Zn

| rowspan=3|3−

| rowspan=3|

| β⁻, n (?%)

| ⁷⁵Zn

| IT (10–17%)

| ⁷⁶Cu

|-id=Copper-77

| rowspan=2|⁷⁷Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48

| rowspan=2|76.9475436(13)

| rowspan=2|470.3(17) ms

| β⁻ (69.9%)

| ⁷⁷Zn

| rowspan=2|5/2−

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻, n (30.1%)

| ⁷⁶Zn

|-id=Copper-78

| rowspan=2|⁷⁸Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 49

| rowspan=2|77.9519206(81){{cite journal |last1=Giraud |first1=S. |last2=Canete |first2=L. |last3=Bastin |first3=B. |last4=Kankainen |first4=A. |last5=Fantina |first5=A.F. |last6=Gulminelli |first6=F. |last7=Ascher |first7=P. |last8=Eronen |first8=T. |last9=Girard-Alcindor |first9=V. |last10=Jokinen |first10=A. |last11=Khanam |first11=A. |last12=Moore |first12=I.D. |last13=Nesterenko |first13=D.A. |last14=de Oliveira Santos |first14=F. |last15=Penttilä |first15=H. |last16=Petrone |first16=C. |last17=Pohjalainen |first17=I. |last18=De Roubin |first18=A. |last19=Rubchenya |first19=V.A. |last20=Vilen |first20=M. |last21=Äystö |first21=J. |title=Mass measurements towards doubly magic 78Ni: Hydrodynamics versus nuclear mass contribution in core-collapse supernovae |journal=Physics Letters B |date=October 2022 |volume=833 |pages=137309 |doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137309}}

| rowspan=2|330.7(20) ms

| β⁻, n (50.6%)

| ⁷⁷Zn

| rowspan=2|(6−)

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻ (49.4%)

| ⁷⁸Zn

|-id=Copper-79

| rowspan=2|⁷⁹Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 50

| rowspan=2|78.95447(11)

| rowspan=2|241.3(21) ms

| β⁻, n (66%)

| ⁷⁸Zn

| rowspan=2|(5/2−)

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻ (34%)

| ⁷⁹Zn

|-id=Copper-80

| rowspan=2|⁸⁰Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 51

| rowspan=2|79.96062(32)#

| rowspan=2|113.3(64) ms

| β⁻, n (59%)

| ⁷⁹Zn

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻ (41%)

| ⁸⁰Zn

|-id=Copper-81

| rowspan=2|⁸¹Cu

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52

| rowspan=2| 80.96574(32)#

| rowspan=2| 73.2(68) ms

| β⁻, n (81%)

| ⁸⁰Zn

| rowspan=2|5/2−#

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻ (19%)

| ⁸¹Zn

|-id=Copper-82

| ⁸²Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 53

| 81.97238(43)#

| 34(7) ms

| β⁻

| ⁸²Zn

|-id=Copper-83

| ⁸³Cu

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 54

| 82.97811(54)#

| 21# ms [>410 ns]

| 5/2−#

|-id=Copper-84

| ⁸⁴Cu{{cite journal |last1=Shimizu |first1=Y. |last2=Kubo |first2=T. |last3=Sumikama |first3=T. |last4=Fukuda |first4=N. |last5=Takeda |first5=H. |last6=Suzuki |first6=H. |last7=Ahn |first7=D. S. |last8=Inabe |first8=N. |last9=Kusaka |first9=K. |last10=Ohtake |first10=M. |last11=Yanagisawa |first11=Y. |last12=Yoshida |first12=K. |last13=Ichikawa |first13=Y. |last14=Isobe |first14=T. |last15=Otsu |first15=H. |last16=Sato |first16=H. |last17=Sonoda |first17=T. |last18=Murai |first18=D. |last19=Iwasa |first19=N. |last20=Imai |first20=N. |last21=Hirayama |first21=Y. |last22=Jeong |first22=S. C. |last23=Kimura |first23=S. |last24=Miyatake |first24=H. |last25=Mukai |first25=M. |last26=Kim |first26=D. G. |last27=Kim |first27=E. |last28=Yagi |first28=A. |title=Production of new neutron-rich isotopes near the N = 60 isotones Ge 92 and As 93 by in-flight fission of a 345 MeV/nucleon U 238 beam |journal=Physical Review C |date=8 April 2024 |volume=109 |issue=4 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.109.044313}}

| style="text-align:right" | 29

| style="text-align:right" | 55

| 83.98527(54)#

Copper nuclear magnetic resonance

Both stable isotopes of copper (⁶³Cu and ⁶⁵Cu) have nuclear spin of 3/2−, and thus produce nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, although the spectral lines are broad due to quadrupolar broadening. ⁶³Cu is the more sensitive nucleus while ⁶⁵Cu yields very slightly narrower signals. Usually though ⁶³Cu NMR is preferred.{{cite web | url=https://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/nmr/techniques/1d/row4/cu.html | title=(Cu) Copper NMR }}

Medical applications

Copper offers a relatively large number of radioisotopes that are potentially useful for nuclear medicine.

There is growing interest in the use of {{sup|64}}Cu, {{sup|62}}Cu, {{sup|61}}Cu, and {{sup|60}}Cu for diagnostic purposes and {{sup|67}}Cu and {{sup|64}}Cu for targeted radiotherapy. For example, {{sup|64}}Cu has a longer half-life than most positron-emitters (12.7 hours) and is thus ideal for diagnostic PET imaging of biological molecules.Harris, M. "Clarity uses a cutting-edge imaging technique to guide drug development". Nature Biotechnology September 2014: 34

References

Isotope masses from:
{{NUBASE 2003}}
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
{{CIAAW2003}}
{{CIAAW 2005}}
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
{{NUBASE 2003}}
{{NNDC}}
{{CRC85|chapter=11}}
Application of Copper radioisotopes in Medicine (Review Paper):
{{cite journal |author1=Pejman Rowshanfarzad |author2=Mahsheed Sabet |author3=AmirReza Jalilian |author4=Mohsen Kamalidehghan |year=2006 |title=An overview of copper radionuclides and production of ⁶¹Cu by proton irradiation of ^natZn at a medical cyclotron |journal=Applied Radiation and Isotopes |volume=64 |issue=12 |pages=1563–1573 |doi=10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.11.012 |pmid=16377202 }}

Category:Copper

Copper