Isotopes of fluorine#Fluorine-19

Fluorine (₉F) has 19 known isotopes ranging from {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|13}} to {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|31}} and two isomers ({{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|18m}} and {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|26m}}). Only fluorine-19 is stable and naturally occurring in more than trace quantities; therefore, fluorine is a monoisotopic and mononuclidic element.

The longest-lived radioisotope is fluorine-18; it has a half-life of {{val|109.734|(8)|u=minutes}}. All other fluorine isotopes have half-lives of less than a minute, and most of those less than a second. The least stable known isotope is {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|14}}, whose half-life is {{val|500|(60)|u=yoctoseconds}},{{NUBASE2020|name}} corresponding to a resonance width of {{val|910|(100)|u=keV}}.

List of isotopes

{{Isotopes table

|symbol=F

|refs=NUBASE2020, AME2020 II

|notes=m, unc(), hl#, mass#, spin(), spin#, daughter-st, IT, EC, p, n

}}

|-id=Fluorine-13

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|13}}{{cite journal |last1=Charity |first1=R. J. |title=Observation of the Exotic Isotope 13 F Located Four Neutrons beyond the Proton Drip Line |journal=Physical Review Letters |date=2 April 2021 |volume=126 |issue=13 |page=2501 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.132501 |pmid=33861136 |bibcode=2021PhRvL.126m2501C |osti=1773500 |s2cid=233259561 |url=https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.132501 |access-date=5 April 2021 |ref=PhysRevLett}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 4

| {{val|13.045120|(540)}}#

| p ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Oxygen|12}} ?

| 1/2+#

|-id=Fluorine-14

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|14}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 5

| {{val|14.034320|(40)}}

| {{val|500|(60)|u=ys}}
[{{val|910|(100)|u=keV}}]

| p ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Oxygen|13}} ?

| 2−

|-id=Fluorine-15

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|15}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 6

| {{val|15.017785|(15)}}

| {{val|1.1|(3)|u=zs}}
[{{val|376|u=keV}}]

| p

| {{SimpleNuclide|Oxygen|14}}

| 1/2+

|-id=Fluorine-16

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|16}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 7

| {{val|16.011460|(6)}}

| {{val|21|(5)|u=zs}}
[{{val|21.3|(5.1)|u=keV}}]

| p

| {{SimpleNuclide|Oxygen|15}}

| 0−

|-id=Fluorine-17

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|17}}Intermediate product of various CNO cycles in stellar nucleosynthesis as part of the process producing helium from hydrogen

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 8

| {{val|17.00209524|(27)}}

| {{val|64.370|(27)|u=s}}

| β⁺

| {{SimpleNuclide|Oxygen|17}}

| 5/2+

| Fluorine-18Has medicinal uses

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| {{val|18.0009373|(5)}}

| {{val|109.734|(8)|u=min}}

| β⁺

| {{SimpleNuclide|Oxygen|18}}

| 1+

| Trace

|-id=Fluorine-18m

| style="text-indent:1em" | {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|18m}}

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | {{val|1121.36|(15)|u=keV}}

| {{val|162|(7)|u=ns}}

| IT

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|18}}

| 5+

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|19}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 10

| {{val|18.998403162067|(883)}}

| colspan=3 align=center|Stable

| 1/2+

| 1

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|20}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 11

| {{val|19.99998125|(3)}}

| {{val|11.0062|(80)|u=s}}

| β⁻

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|20}}

| 2+

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|21}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 12

| {{val|20.9999489|(19)}}

| {{val|4.158|(20)|u=s}}

| β⁻

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|21}}

| 5/2+

|-id=Fluorine-22

| rowspan=2|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|22}}

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13

| rowspan=2|{{val|22.002999|(13)}}

| rowspan=2|{{val|4.23|(4)|u=s}}

| β⁻ (> {{val|89|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|22}}

| rowspan=2|(4+)

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻n (< {{val|11|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|21}}

|-id=Fluorine-23

| rowspan=2|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|23}}

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14

| rowspan=2|{{val|23.003530|(40)}}

| rowspan=2|{{val|2.23|(14)|u=s}}

| β⁻ (> {{val|86|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|23}}

| rowspan=2|5/2+

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻n (< {{val|14|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|22}}

|-id=Fluorine-24

| rowspan=2|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|24}}

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 15

| rowspan=2|{{val|24.008100|(100)}}

| rowspan=2|{{val|384|(16)|u=ms}}

| β⁻ (> {{val|94.1|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|24}}

| rowspan=2|3+

| rowspan=2|

| β⁻n (< {{val|5.9|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|23}}

|-id=Fluorine-25

| rowspan=3|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|25}}

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 16

| rowspan=3|{{val|25.012170|(100)}}

| rowspan=3|{{val|80|(9)|u=ms}}

| β⁻ ({{val|76.9|(4.5)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|25}}

| rowspan=3|(5/2+)

| rowspan=3|

| β⁻n ({{val|23.1|(4.5)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|24}}

| β⁻2n ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|23}} ?

|-id=Fluorine-26

| rowspan=3|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|26}}

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 17

| rowspan=3|{{val|26.020050|(110)}}

| rowspan=3|{{val|8.2|(9)|u=ms}}

| β⁻ ({{val|86.5|(4.0)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|26}}

| rowspan=3|1+

| rowspan=3|

| β⁻n ({{val|13.5|(4.0)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|25}}

| β⁻2n ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|24}} ?

|-id=Fluorine-26m

| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|26m}}

| rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | {{val|643.4|(1)|u=keV}}

| rowspan=3 | {{val|2.2|(1)|u=ms}}

| IT ({{val|82|(11)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|26}}

| rowspan=3|(4+)

| rowspan=3|

| β⁻n ({{val|12|(8)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|25}}

| β⁻ ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|26}} ?

|-id=Fluorine-27

| rowspan=3|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|27}}

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 18

| rowspan=3|{{val|27.026980|(130)}}

| rowspan=3|{{val|5.0|(2)|u=ms}}

| β⁻n ({{val|77|(21)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|26}}

| rowspan=3|5/2+#

| rowspan=3|

| β⁻ ({{val|23|(21)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|27}}

| β⁻2n ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|25}} ?

|-id=Fluorine-28

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|28}}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 19

| {{val|28.035860|(130)}}

| {{val|46|u=zs}}

| n

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|27}}

| (4−)

|-id=Fluorine-29

| rowspan=3|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|29}}

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 20

| rowspan=3|{{val|29.043100|(560)}}

| rowspan=3|{{val|2.5|(3)|u=ms}}

| β⁻n ({{val|60|(40)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|28}}

| rowspan=3|(5/2+)

| rowspan=3|

| β⁻ ({{val|40|(40)|u=%}})

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|29}}

| β⁻2n ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|27}} ?

|-id=Fluorine-30

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|30}}{{cite journal | last=Kahlbow | first=J. | display-authors=etal | collaboration=SAMURAI21-NeuLAND Collaboration | title=Magicity versus Superfluidity around ²⁸O viewed from the Study of ³⁰F | journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=133 | issue=8 | date=2024-08-23 | issn=0031-9007 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.082501| doi-access=free | arxiv=2407.19303 }}

| style="text-align:right" | 9

| style="text-align:right" | 21

| {{val|30.05256|(54)}}#

| {{val|0.96|0.56|0.41|u=zs}}

| n

| {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|29}}

|-id=Fluorine-31

| rowspan=3|{{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|31}}

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 9

| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 22

| rowspan=3|{{val|31.06020|(570)}}#

| rowspan=3|{{val|2|u=ms}}# [> {{val|260|u=ns}}]

| β⁻ ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|31}} ?

| rowspan=3|5/2+#

| rowspan=3|

| β⁻n ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|30}} ?

| β⁻2n ?Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.

| {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|29}} ?

Fluorine-18

Of the unstable nuclides of fluorine, {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|18}} has the longest half-life, {{val|109.734|(8)|u=minutes}}. It decays to {{SimpleNuclide|Oxygen|18}} via β⁺ decay. For this reason {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|18}} is a commercially important source of positrons. Its major value is in the production of the radiopharmaceutical fludeoxyglucose, used in positron emission tomography in medicine.

Fluorine-18 is the lightest unstable nuclide with equal odd numbers of protons and neutrons, having 9 of each. (See also the "magic numbers" discussion of nuclide stability.){{NNDC}}

Fluorine-19

Fluorine-19 is the only stable isotope of fluorine. Its abundance is {{val|100|u=%}}; no other isotopes of fluorine exist in significant quantities. Its binding energy is {{val|147801.3648|(38)|u=keV}}. Fluorine-19 is NMR-active with a spin of 1/2+, so it is used in fluorine-19 NMR spectroscopy.

Fluorine-20

Fluorine-20 is an unstable isotope of fluorine. It has a half-life of {{val|11.0062|(80)|u=seconds}} and decays via beta decay to the stable nuclide {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|20}}. Its specific radioactivity is {{val|1.8693|(14)|e=21|u=Bq/g}} and has a mean lifetime of {{val|15.879|(12)|u=seconds}}.

Fluorine-21

Fluorine-21, as with fluorine-20, is also an unstable isotope of fluorine. It has a half-life of {{val|4.158|(20)|u=seconds}}. It undergoes beta decay as well, decaying to {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|21}}, which is a stable nuclide. Its specific activity is {{val|4.781|(23)|e=21|u=Bq/g}}.

Isomers

Only two nuclear isomers (long-lived excited nuclear states), fluorine-18m and fluorine-26m, have been characterized.{{NUBASE2020|name}} The half-life of {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|18m}} before it undergoes isomeric transition is {{val|162|(7)|ul=nanoseconds}}.{{NUBASE2020|ref}} This is less than the decay half-life of any of the fluorine radioisotope nuclear ground states except for mass numbers 14–16, 28, and 31. {{NUBASE2016|ref}} The half-life of {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|26m}} is {{val|2.2|(1)|u=milliseconds}}; it decays mainly to its ground state of {{SimpleNuclide|Fluorine|26}} or (rarely, via beta-minus decay) to one of high excited states of {{SimpleNuclide|Neon|26}} with delayed neutron emission.{{NUBASE2020|name}}

References

Sources

{{cite report|last1=Chisté|first1=V.|last2=Bé|first2=M. M.|chapter=F-18|chapter-url=http://www.nucleide.org/DDEP_WG/Nuclides/F-18_tables.pdf|title=Table de radionucléides|publisher=CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), LIST, LNE-LNHB (Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique)|access-date=15 June 2011|display-editors=4|editor=Bé, M. M.|editor2=Coursol, N.|editor3=Duchemin, B.|editor4=Lagoutine, F.|editor5=Legrand, J.|editor6=Debertin, K.|editor7=Schönfeld, E.|date=2011|archive-date=11 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811110156/http://www.nucleide.org/DDEP_WG/Nuclides/F-18_tables.pdf|url-status=dead}}

Category:Fluorine

Fluorine