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Isotopes of neodymium#Neodymium-128

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox neodymium isotopes}}

Naturally occurring neodymium (60Nd) is composed of five stable isotopes, 142Nd, 143Nd, 145Nd, 146Nd and 148Nd, with 142Nd being the most abundant (27.2% natural abundance), and two long-lived radioisotopes, 144Nd and 150Nd. In all, 35 radioisotopes of neodymium have been characterized up to now, with the most stable being naturally occurring isotopes 144Nd (alpha decay, a half-life (t1/2) of {{val|2.29|e=15}} years) and 150Nd (double beta decay, t1/2 of {{val|9.3|e=18}} years), and for practical purposes they can be considered to be stable as well. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 11 days, and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 70 seconds; the most stable artificial isotope is 147Nd with a half-life of 10.98 days. This element also has 15 known meta states with the most stable being 139mNd (t1/2 5.5 hours), 135mNd (t1/2 5.5 minutes) and 133m1Nd (t1/2 ~70 seconds).

The primary decay modes for isotopes lighter than the most abundant stable isotope (also the only theoretically stable isotope), 142Nd, are electron capture and positron decay, and the primary mode for heavier radioisotopes is beta decay. The primary decay products for lighter radioisotopes are praseodymium isotopes and the primary products for heavier ones are promethium isotopes.

Neodymium isotopes as fission products

Neodymium is one of the more common fission products that results from the splitting of uranium-233, uranium-235, plutonium-239 and plutonium-241. The distribution of resulting neodymium isotopes is distinctly different than those found in crustal rock formation on Earth. One of the methods used to verify that the Oklo Fossil Reactors in Gabon had produced a natural nuclear fission reactor some two billion years before present was to compare the relative abundances of neodymium isotopes found at the reactor site with those found elsewhere on Earth.{{cite journal | url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1557/PROC-257-489 | doi=10.1557/PROC-257-489 | title=U and Nd Isotopes from the New Oklo Reactor 10 (GABON): Evidence for Radioelements Migration | year=1991 | last1=Hemond | first1=C. | last2=Menet | first2=C. | last3=Menager | first3=M.T. | journal=MRS Proceedings | volume=257 }}{{cite web | url=https://medium.com/predict/oklos-natural-nuclear-reactors-eb2cc3141b48 | title=Oklo's Natural Nuclear Reactors | date=24 October 2020 }}{{cite web | url=https://grisda.org/origins-17086 | title=The Implications of the Oklo Phenomenon on the Constancy of Radiometric Decay Rates }}

List of isotopes

{{Anchor|Neodymium-124|Neodymium-129m|Neodymium-142m}}

{{Isotopes table

|symbol=Nd

|refs=NUBASE2020, AME2020 II

|notes=m, unc(), mass#, exen#, hl#, hl-nst, spin(), spin#, daughter-st, p, EC, IT

}}

|-id=Neodymium-125

| rowspan=2|125Nd

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 60

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65

| rowspan=2|124.94840(43)#

| rowspan=2|0.65(15) s

| β+

| 125Pr

| rowspan=2|(5/2)(+#)

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+, p (?%)

| 124Ce

|-id=Neodymium-126

| 126Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 66

| 125.94269(32)#

| 1# s
[>200 ns]

|

|

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-127

| rowspan=2|127Nd

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 60

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 67

| rowspan=2|126.93998(32)#

| rowspan=2|1.8(4) s

| β+

| 127Pr

| rowspan=2|5/2+#

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+, p (?%)

| 126Ce

|-id=Neodymium-128

| 128Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 68

| 127.93502(22)#

| 5# s

|

|

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-129

| rowspan=2|129Nd

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 60

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 69

| rowspan=2|128.93304(22)#

| rowspan=2|6.8(6) s

| β+

| 129Pr

| rowspan=2|7/2−{{cite journal |last1=Petrache |first1=C. M. |last2=Uusitalo |first2=J. |last3=Briscoe |first3=A. D. |last4=Sullivan |first4=C. M. |last5=Joss |first5=D. T. |last6=Tann |first6=H. |last7=Aktas |first7=ö. |last8=Alayed |first8=B. |last9=Al-Aqeel |first9=M. A. M. |last10=Astier |first10=A. |last11=Badran |first11=H. |last12=Cederwall |first12=B. |last13=Delafosse |first13=C. |last14=Ertoprak |first14=A. |last15=Favier |first15=Z. |last16=Forsberg |first16=U. |last17=Gins |first17=W. |last18=Grahn |first18=T. |last19=Greenlees |first19=P. T. |last20=He |first20=X. T. |last21=Heery |first21=J. |last22=Hilton |first22=J. |last23=Kalantan |first23=S. |last24=Li |first24=R. |last25=Jodidar |first25=P. M. |last26=Julin |first26=R. |last27=Juutinen |first27=S. |last28=Leino |first28=M. |last29=Lewis |first29=M. C. |last30=Li |first30=J. G. |last31=Li |first31=Z. P. |last32=Luoma |first32=M. |last33=Lv |first33=B. F. |last34=McCarter |first34=A. |last35=Nathaniel |first35=S. |last36=Ojala |first36=J. |last37=Page |first37=R. D. |last38=Pakarinen |first38=J. |last39=Papadakis |first39=P. |last40=Parr |first40=E. |last41=Partanen |first41=J. |last42=Paul |first42=E. S. |last43=Rahkila |first43=P. |last44=Ruotsalainen |first44=P. |last45=Sandzelius |first45=M. |last46=Sarén |first46=J. |last47=Smallcombe |first47=J. |last48=Sorri |first48=J. |last49=Szwec |first49=S. |last50=Wang |first50=L. J. |last51=Wang |first51=Y. |last52=Waring |first52=L. |last53=Xu |first53=F. R. |last54=Zhang |first54=J. |last55=Zhang |first55=Z. H. |last56=Zheng |first56=K. K. |last57=Zimba |first57=G. |title=High- K three-quasiparticle isomers in the proton-rich nucleus Nd 129 |journal=Physical Review C |date=19 July 2023 |volume=108 |issue=1 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.108.014317 |url=https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3172207/1/129nd-PRC-accepted_30June2023.pdf}}

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+, p (?%)

| 128Ce

|-id=Neodymium-129m1

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 129m1Nd

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 17 keV

| rowspan=2|2.6(4) s

| β+

| 129Pr

| rowspan=2|1/2+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+, p (?%)

| 128Ce

|-id=Neodymium-129m2

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 129m2Nd

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 39 keV

| rowspan=2|2.6(4) s

| β+

| 129Pr

| rowspan=2|3/2+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+, p (?%)

| 128Ce

|-id=Neodymium-129m3

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 129m3Nd

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 108 keV

| rowspan=2|

| IT (?%)

| 129m2Nd

| rowspan=2|5/2+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| IT (?%)

| 129Nd

|-id=Neodymium-129m4

| style="text-indent:1em" | 129m4Nd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1893 keV

|

| IT

| 129Nd

| (17/2+)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-129m5

| style="text-indent:1em" | 129m5Nd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2109 keV

|

| IT

| 129Nd

| (19/2+)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-129m6

| style="text-indent:1em" | 129m6Nd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2284 keV

| 0.48(4) μs

| IT

| 129Nd

| (21/2+)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-130

| 130Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 70

| 129.928506(30)

| 21(3) s

| β+

| 130Pr

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-131

| rowspan=2|131Nd

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 60

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 71

| rowspan=2|130.927248(30)

| rowspan=2|25.4(9) s

| β+

| 131Pr

| rowspan=2|(5/2+)

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+, p (?%)

| 130Ce

|-id=Neodymium-132

| 132Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 72

| 131.923321(26)

| 1.56(10) min

| β+

| 132Pr

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-133

| 133Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 73

| 132.922348(50)

| 70(10) s

| β+

| 133Pr

| (7/2+)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-133m1

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 133m1Nd

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 127.97(12) keV

| rowspan=2|~70 s

| β+ (?%)

| 133Pr

| rowspan=2|(1/2)+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| IT (?%)

| 133Nd

|-id=Neodymium-133m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 133m2Nd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 176.10(10) keV

| 301(18) ns

| IT

| 133Nd

| (9/2–)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-134

| 134Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| 133.918790(13)

| 8.5(15) min

| β+

| 134Pr

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-134m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 134mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2293.0(4) keV

| 389(17) μs

| IT

| 134Nd

| 8–

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-135

| 135Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 75

| 134.918181(21)

| 12.4(6) min

| β+

| 135Pr

| 9/2–

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-135m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 135mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 64.95(24) keV

| 5.5(5) min

| β+

| 135Pr

| (1/2+)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-136

| 136Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 76

| 135.914976(13)

| 50.65(33) min

| β+

| 136Pr

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-137

| 137Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 77

| 136.914563(13)

| 38.5(15) min

| β+

| 137Pr

| 1/2+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-137m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 137mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 519.43(20) keV

| 1.60(15) s

| IT

| 137Nd

| 11/2–

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-138

| 138Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 78

| 137.911951(12)

| 5.04(9) h

| β+

| 138Pr

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-138m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 138mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3174.5(4) keV

| 370(5) ns

| IT

| 138Nd

| 10+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-139

| 139Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 79

| 138.911951(30)

| 29.7(5) min

| β+

| 139Pr

| 3/2+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-139m1

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 139m1Nd

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 231.16(5) keV

| rowspan=2|5.50(20) h

| β+ (87.0%)

| 139Pr

| rowspan=2|11/2–

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| IT (13.0%)

| 139Nd

|-id=Neodymium-139m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 139m2Nd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2616.9(6) keV

| 276.8(18) ns

| IT

| 139Nd

| 23/2

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-140

| 140Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 80

| 139.9095461(35)

| 3.37(2) d

| EC

| 140Pr

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-140m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | 140m1Nd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2221.65(9) keV

| 600(50) μs

| IT

| 140Nd

| 7–

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-140m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 140m2Nd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 7435.1(4) keV

| 1.22(6) μs

| IT

| 140Nd

| 20+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-141

| rowspan=2|141Nd

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 60

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 81

| rowspan=2|140.9096167(34)

| rowspan=2|2.49(3) h

| EC (97.28%)

| rowspan=2|141Pr

| rowspan=2|3/2+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+ (2.72%)

|-id=Neodymium-141m

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 141mNd

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 756.51(5) keV

| rowspan=2|62.0(8) s

| IT (99.97%)

| 141Nd

| rowspan=2|11/2–

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+ (0.032%)

| 141Pr

|-id=Neodymium-142

| 142Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 82

| 141.9077288(13)

| colspan=3 align=center|Stable

| 0+

| 0.27153(40)

|

|-id=Neodymium-143

| 143NdFission product

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 83

| 142.9098198(13)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally Stable{{#tag:ref|Believed to undergo α decay to 139Ce with a half-life over {{val|1.1|e=20|u=years}}{{cite journal |first1=P. |last1=Belli |first2=R. |last2=Bernabei |first3=R. S. |last3=Boiko |first4=F. |last4=Cappella |first5=V. |last5=Caracciolo |first6=R. |last6=Cerulli |first7=F. A. |last7=Danevich |first8=A. |last8=Incicchitti |first9=D. V. |last9=Kasperovych |first10=V. V. |last10=Kobychev |first11=M. |last11=Laubenstein |first12=A. |last12=Leoncini |first13=V. |last13=Merlo |first14=D. V. |last14=Poda |first15=O. G. |last15=Polischuk |first16=N. V. |last16=Sokur |first17=V. I. |last17=Tretyak |title=Search for alpha and double alpha decays of natural Nd isotopes accompanied by gamma quanta |journal=European Physical Journal A |date=1 March 2024 |volume=60 |issue=46 |doi=10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01260-3 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01260-3}}{{cite journal |last1=Belli |first1=P. |last2=Bernabei |first2=R. |last3=Danevich |first3=F. A. |last4=Incicchitti |first4=A. |last5=Tretyak |first5=V. I. |title=Experimental searches for rare alpha and beta decays |date=2019 |journal=European Physical Journal A |volume=55 |number=140 |pages=4–6 |doi=10.1140/epja/i2019-12823-2|arxiv=1908.11458 |bibcode=2019EPJA...55..140B |s2cid=201664098}}|group=n}}

| 7/2−

| 0.12173(26)

|

|-id=Neodymium-144

| 144NdPrimordial radionuclide

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 84

| 143.9100928(13)

| 2.29(16)×1015 y

| α

| 140Ce

| 0+

| 0.23798(19)

|

|-id=Neodymium-145

| 145Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 85

| 144.9125792(14)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally Stable{{#tag:ref|Believed to undergo α decay to 141Ce with a half-life of over {{val|6.1|e=19|u=years}}{{cite conference|url=https://indico.cern.ch/event/1199102/contributions/5477288/|title=Alpha decay of naturally occurring neodymium isotopes|last1=Sokur|first1=N.V.|last2=Belli|first2=P.|last3=Bernabei|first3=R.|last4=Boiko|first4=R.S.|last5=Cappella|first5=F.|last6=Caracciolo|first6=V.|last7=Cerulli|first7=R.|last8=Danevich|first8=F.A.|last9=Incicchitti|first9=A.|last10=Kasperovych|first10=D.V.|last11=Kobychev|first11=V.V.|last12=Laubenstein|first12=M.|last13=Leoncini|first13=A.|last14=Merlo|first14=V.|last15=Polischuk|first15=O.G.|last16=Tretyak|first16=V.I.|date=11 July 2023|conference=XII International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics}}|group=n}}

| 7/2−

| 0.08293(12)

|

|-id=Neodymium-146

| 146Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 86

| 145.9131225(14)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally Stable{{#tag:ref|Believed to undergo β−β− decay to 146Sm, or α decay to 142Ce with a half-life of over {{val|3.3|e=21|u=years}}|group=n}}

| 0+

| 0.17189(32)

|

|-id=Neodymium-147

| 147Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 87

| 146.9161060(14)

| 10.98(1) d

| β−

| 147Pm

| 5/2−

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-148

| 148Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 88

| 147.9168990(22)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally Stable{{#tag:ref|Believed to undergo β−β− decay to 148Sm with a half-life over {{val|3|e=18|u=years}}, or α decay to 144Ce with a half-life of over {{val|1.2|e=19|u=years}}|group=n}}

| 0+

| 0.05756(21)

|

|-id=Neodymium-149

| 149Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 89

| 148.9201546(22)

| 1.728(1) h

| β−

| 149Pm

| 5/2−

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-150

| 150Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 90

| 149.9209013(12)

| 9.3(7)×1018 y

| β−β−

| 150Sm

| 0+

| 0.05638(28)

|

|-id=Neodymium-151

| 151Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 91

| 150.9238394(12)

| 12.44(7) min

| β−

| 151Pm

| 3/2+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-152

| 152Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 92

| 151.924691(26)

| 11.4(2) min

| β−

| 152Pm

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-153

| 153Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 93

| 152.9277179(29)

| 31.6(10) s

| β−

| 153Pm

| (3/2)−

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-153m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 153mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 191.71(16) keV

| 1.10(4) μs

| IT

| 153Nd

| (5/2)+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-154

| 154Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 94

| 153.9295974(11)

| 25.9(2) s

| β−

| 154Pm

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-154m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 154mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1297.9(4) keV

| 3.2(3) μs

| IT

| 154Nd

| (4−)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-155

| 155Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 95

| 154.9331356(98)

| 8.9(2) s

| β−

| 155Pm

| (3/2−)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-156

| 156Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 96

| 155.9353704(14)

| 5.06(13) s

| β−

| 156Pm

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-156m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 156mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1431.3(4) keV

| 365(145) ns

| IT

| 156Nd

| 5−

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-157

| 157Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 97

| 156.9393511(23)

| 1.17(4) s{{cite journal | last1=Hartley | first1=D. J. | last2=Kondev | first2=F. G. | last3=Carpenter | first3=M. P. | last4=Clark | first4=J. A. | last5=Copp | first5=P. | last6=Kay | first6=B. | last7=Lauritsen | first7=T. | last8=Savard | first8=G. | last9=Seweryniak | first9=D. | last10=Wilson | first10=G. L. | last11=Wu | first11=J. | title=First β−-decay spectroscopy study of 157Nd | journal=Physical Review C | publisher=American Physical Society (APS) | volume=108 | issue=2 | date=2023-08-14 | page=024307 | issn=2469-9985 | doi=10.1103/physrevc.108.024307| bibcode=2023PhRvC.108b4307H | s2cid=260913513 }}

| β−

| 157Pm

| 5/2−#

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-158

| 158Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 98

| 157.9422056(14)

| 810(30) ms

| β−

| 158Pm

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-158m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 158mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1648.1(14) keV

| 339(20) ns

| IT

| 158Nd

| (6−)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-159

| 159Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 99

| 158.946619(32)

| 500(30) ms

| β−

| 159Pm

| 7/2+#

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-160

| 160Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 100

| 159.949839(50)

| 439(37) ms

| β−

| 160Pm

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-160m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 160mNd

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1107.9(9) keV

| 1.63(21) μs

| IT

| 160Nd

| (4−)

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-161

| 161Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 101

| 160.95466(43)#

| 215(76) ms

| β−

| 161Pm

| 1/2−#

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-162

| 162Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 102

| 161.95812(43)#

| 310(200) ms

| β−

| 162Pm

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Neodymium-163

| 163Nd

| style="text-align:right" | 60

| style="text-align:right" | 103

| 162.96341(54)#

| 80# ms
[>550 ns]

|

|

| 5/2−#

|

|

{{Isotopes table/footer}}

References

{{Reflist}}

  • Isotope masses from:
  • {{NUBASE 2003}}
  • Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
  • {{CIAAW2003}}
  • {{CIAAW 2005}}
  • Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
  • {{NUBASE 2003}}
  • {{NNDC}}
  • {{CRC85|chapter=11}}

{{Navbox element isotopes}}

Category:Neodymium

Neodymium