Login
Login

Isotopes of tungsten

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox tungsten isotopes}}

Naturally occurring tungsten (74W) consists of five isotopes. Four are considered stable (182W, 183W, 184W, and 186W) and one is slightly radioactive, 180W, with an extremely long half-life of {{val|1.59|0.05|e=18|u=years}}. On average, two alpha decays of 180W occur per gram of natural tungsten per year, so for most practical purposes, 180W can be considered stable. Theoretically, all five naturally occurring isotopes of tungsten can decay into isotopes of hafnium (element 72) by alpha emission, but only 180W has been observed to do so. The other naturally occurring isotopes have not been observed to decay (they are observationally stable), and lower bounds for their half-lives have been established:

:182W, t1/2 > 7.7×1021 years

:183W, t1/2 > 4.1×1021 years

:184W, t1/2 > 8.9×1021 years

:186W, t1/2 > 8.2×1021 years

Thirty-four artificial radioisotopes of tungsten have been characterized with mass numbers ranging from 156 to 194, the most stable of which are 181W with a half-life of 121.2 days, 185W with a half-life of 75.1 days, 188W with a half-life of 69.4 days and 178W with a half-life of 21.6 days. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives of less than 24 hours, and most of these have half-lives that are less than 8 minutes. Tungsten also has twelve known meta states, the most stable being 179m1W (t1/2 6.4 minutes).

List of isotopes

{{Anchor|Tungsten-167m|Tungsten-174m3|Tungsten-174m4}}

{{Isotopes table

|symbol=W

|refs=NUBASE2020, AME2020 II

|notes=m, unc(), mass#, hl#, hl-nst, spin(), spin#, daughter-st, daughter-nst, A, B+, B-, EC, IT

}}

|-id=Tungsten-156

| 156W{{cite journal |first1=A. D. |last1=Briscoe |first2=R. D. |last2=Page |first3=J. |last3=Uusitalo |display-authors=et al. |title=Decay spectroscopy at the two-proton drip line: Radioactivity of the new nuclides 160Os and 156W |journal=Physics Letters B |volume=47 |date=2023 |number=138310 |doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2023.138310|doi-access=free |hdl=10272/23933 |hdl-access=free }}

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 82

|

| {{val|157|57|34|u=ms}}

| β+

| 156Ta

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-157

| 157W{{cite journal |last1=Bianco |first1=L. |last2=Page |first2=R. D. |last3=Darby |first3=I. G. |last4=Joss |first4=D. T. |last5=Simpson |first5=J. |last6=Al-Khalili |first6=J. S. |last7=Cannon |first7=A. J. |last8=Cederwall |first8=B. |last9=Eeckhaudt |first9=S. |last10=Ertürk |first10=S. |last11=Gall |first11=B. |last12=Hornillos |first12=M. B. Gómez |last13=Grahn |first13=T. |last14=Greenlees |first14=P. T. |last15=Hadinia |first15=B. |last16=Heyde |first16=K. |last17=Jakobsson |first17=U. |last18=Jones |first18=P. M. |last19=Julin |first19=R. |last20=Juutinen |first20=S. |last21=Ketelhut |first21=S. |last22=Labiche |first22=M. |last23=Leino |first23=M. |last24=Leppänen |first24=A. -P. |last25=Nyman |first25=M. |last26=O'Donnell |first26=D. |last27=Paul |first27=E. S. |last28=Petri |first28=M. |last29=Peura |first29=P. |last30=Puurunen |first30=A. |last31=Rahkila |first31=P. |last32=Ruotsalainen |first32=P. |last33=Sandzelius |first33=M. |last34=Sapple |first34=P. J. |last35=Sarén |first35=J. |last36=Scholey |first36=C. |last37=Smirnova |first37=N. A. |last38=Steer |first38=A. N. |last39=Stevenson |first39=P. D. |last40=Suckling |first40=E. B. |last41=Thomson |first41=J. |last42=Uusitalo |first42=J. |last43=Venhart |first43=M. |display-authors=3 |title=Discovery of 157W and 161Os |journal=Physics Letters B |date=7 June 2010 |volume=690 |issue=1 |pages=15–18 |doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2010.04.056 |bibcode=2010PhLB..690...15B |s2cid=117121162 |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/1111640/file/1112065.pdf |access-date=11 June 2023 |language=en |issn=0370-2693}}

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 83

| 156.97886(43)#

| 275(40) ms

| β+

| 157Ta

| (7/2−)

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-158

| 158W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 84

| 157.97457(32)#

| 1.43(18) ms

| α

| 154Hf

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-158m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 158mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1889(8) keV

| 143(19) μs

| α

| 154Hf

| (8+)

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-159

| 159W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 85

| 158.97270(32)#

| 8.2(7) ms

| α (82%)

| 155Hf

| 7/2−#

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-160

| rowspan=2|160W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 86

| rowspan=2|159.96851(16)

| rowspan=2|90(5) ms

| α (87%)

| 156Hf

| rowspan=2|0+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+ (13%)

| 160Ta

|-id=Tungsten-161

| rowspan=2|161W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 87

| rowspan=2|160.96725(22)#

| rowspan=2|409(16) ms

| α (73%)

| 157Hf

| rowspan=2|7/2−#

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+ (27%)

| 161Ta

|-id=Tungsten-162

| rowspan=2|162W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 88

| rowspan=2|161.963500(19)

| rowspan=2|1.19(12) s

| β+ (54.8%)

| 162Ta

| rowspan=2|0+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| α (45.2%)

| 158Hf

|-id=Tungsten-163

| rowspan=2|163W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 89

| rowspan=2|162.962524(63)

| rowspan=2|2.63(9) s

| β+ (86%)

| 163Ta

| rowspan=2|7/2−

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| α (14%)

| 159Hf

|-id=Tungsten-163m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 163mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 480.3(7) keV

| 154(3) ns

| IT

| 163W

| 13/2+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-164

| rowspan=2|164W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 90

| rowspan=2|163.958952(10)

| rowspan=2|6.3(2) s

| β+ (96.2%)

| 164Ta

| rowspan=2|0+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| α (3.8%)

| 160Hf

|-id=Tungsten-165

| 165W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 91

| 164.958281(28)

| 5.1(5) s

| β+

| 165Ta

| (5/2−)

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-166

| rowspan=2|166W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 92

| rowspan=2|165.955032(10)

| rowspan=2|19.2(6) s

| β+ (99.97%)

| 166Ta

| rowspan=2|0+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| α (0.035%)

| 162Hf

|-id=Tungsten-167

| rowspan=2|167W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 93

| rowspan=2|166.954811(20)

| rowspan=2|19.9(5) s

| β+ (99.96%)

| 167Ta

| rowspan=2|(5/2−)

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| α (0.04%)

| 163Hf

|-id=Tungsten-168

| rowspan=2|168W

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 74

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 94

| rowspan=2|167.951805(14)

| rowspan=2|50.9(19) s

| β+ (99.97%)

| 168Ta

| rowspan=2|0+

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| α (0.032%)

| 164Hf

|-id=Tungsten-169

| 169W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 95

| 168.951779(17)

| 74(6) s

| β+

| 169Ta

| 5/2−#

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-170

| 170W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 96

| 169.949231(14)

| 2.42(4) min

| β+(99%)

| 170Ta

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-171

| 171W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 97

| 170.949451(30)

| 2.38(4) min

| β+

| 171Ta

| (5/2−)

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-172

| 172W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 98

| 171.947292(30)

| 6.6(9) min

| β+

| 172Ta

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-173

| 173W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 99

| 172.947689(30)

| 7.6(2) min

| β+

| 173Ta

| 5/2−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-174

| 174W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 100

| 173.946079(30)

| 33.2(21) min

| β+

| 174Ta

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-174m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | 174m1W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2267.8(4) keV

| 158(3) ns

| IT

| 174W

| 8−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-174m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 174m2W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3515.6(4) keV

| 128(8) ns

| IT

| 174W

| 12+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-175

| 175W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 101

| 174.946717(30)

| 35.2(6) min

| β+

| 175Ta

| (1/2−)

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-175m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 175mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 234.96(15) keV

| 216(6) ns

| IT

| 175W

| (7/2+)

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-176

| 176W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 102

| 175.945634(30)

| 2.5(1) h

| EC

| 176Ta

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-177

| 177W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 103

| 176.946643(30)

| 132.4(20) min

| β+

| 177Ta

| 1/2−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-178

| 178W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 104

| 177.945886(16)

| 21.6(3) d

| EC

| 178Ta

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-178m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 178mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 6572.7(3) keV

| 220(10) ns

| IT

| 178W

| 25+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-179

| 179W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 105

| 178.947079(16)

| 37.05(16) min

| β+

| 179Ta

| 7/2−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-179m1

| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 179m1W

| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 221.91(3) keV

| rowspan=2|6.40(7) min

| IT (99.71%)

| 179W

| rowspan=2|1/2−

| rowspan=2|

| rowspan=2|

|-

| β+ (0.29%)

| 179Ta

|-id=Tungsten-179m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 179m2W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1631.90(8) keV

| 390(30) ns

| IT

| 179W

| 21/2+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-179m3

| style="text-indent:1em" | 179m3W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3348.41(14) keV

| 750(80) ns

| IT

| 179W

| 35/2−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-180

| 180WPrimordial radionuclide

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 106

| 179.9467133(15)

| 1.59(5)×1018 y

| α

| 176Hf

| 0+

| 0.0012(1)

|

|-id=Tungsten-180m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | 180m1W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1529.05(4) keV

| 5.47(9) ms

| IT

| 180W

| 8−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-180m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 180m2W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3264.7(3) keV

| 2.33(19) μs

| IT

| 180W

| 14−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-181

| 181W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 107

| 180.9482187(16)

| 120.956(19) d

| EC

| 181Ta

| 9/2+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-181m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | 181m1W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 365.55(13) keV

| 14.59(15) μs

| IT

| 181W

| 5/2−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-181m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 181m2W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1653.0(3) keV

| 200(13) ns

| IT

| 181W

| 21/2+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-182

| 182W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 108

| 181.94820564(80)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally StableBelieved to undergo α decay to 178Hf with a half-life over 7.7×1021 y

| 0+

| 0.2650(16)

|

|-id=Tungsten-182m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 182mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2230.65(14) keV

| 1.3(1) μs

| IT

| 182W

| 10+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-183

| 183W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 109

| 182.95022442(80)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally StableBelieved to undergo α decay to 179Hf with a half-life over 6.70×1020 y

| 1/2−

| 0.1431(4)

|

|-id=Tungsten-183m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 183mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 309.492(4) keV

| 5.30(8) s

| IT

| 183W

| 11/2+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-184

| 184W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 110

| 183.95093318(79)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally StableBelieved to undergo α decay to 180Hf with a half-life over 8.9×1021 y

| 0+

| 0.3064(2)

|

|-id=Tungsten-184m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | 184m1W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1284.997(8) keV

| 8.33(18) μs

| IT

| 184W

| 5−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-184m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 184m2W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 4127.7(5) keV

| 188(38) ns

| IT

| 184W

| (14+)

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-185

| 185W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 111

| 184.95342121(79)

| 75.1(3) d

| β−

| 185Re

| 3/2−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-185m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 185mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 197.383(23) keV

| 1.597(4) min

| IT

| 185W

| 11/2+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-186

| 186W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 112

| 185.9543651(13)

| colspan=3 align=center|Observationally StableBelieved to undergo α decay to 182Hf or β−β− decay to 186Os with a half-life over 4.1×1018 y

| 0+

| 0.2843(19)

|

|-id=Tungsten-186m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | 186m1W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1517.2(6) keV

| 18(1) μs

| IT

| 186W

| 7−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-186m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 186m2W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3542.8(21) keV

| 2.0(2) s

| IT

| 186W

| 16+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-187

| 187W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 113

| 186.9571612(13)

| 23.809(25) h

| β−

| 187Re

| 3/2−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-187m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 187mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 410.06(4) keV

| {{val|1.54|(13)|u=us}}{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=J. L. |last2=Watanabe |first2=H. |last3=Walker |first3=P. M. |display-authors=et al. |title=Direct observation of β and γ decay from a high-spin long-lived isomer in 187Ta |date=2025 |journal=Physical Review C |volume=111 |number=014304 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.111.014304 |arxiv=2501.02848}}

| IT

| 187W

| 11/2+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-188

| 188W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 114

| 187.9584883(33)

| 69.77(5) d

| β−

| 188Re

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-188m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 188mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1926.7(8) keV

| 109.5(35) ns

| IT

| 188W

| 8−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-189

| 189W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 115

| 188.96156(22)#

| 11.6(2) min

| β−

| 189Re

| 9/2−#

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-190

| 190W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 116

| 189.963104(38)

| 30.0(15) min

| β−

| 190Re

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-190m1

| style="text-indent:1em" | 190m1W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1743.6(10) keV

| 111(17) ns

| IT

| 190W

| 8+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-190m2

| style="text-indent:1em" | 190m2W

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1840.6(14) keV

| 166(6) μs

| IT

| 190W

| 10−

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-191

| 191W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 117

| 190.966531(45)

| 14# s
[>300 ns]

|

|

| 3/2−#

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-191m

| style="text-indent:1em" | 191mW

| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 235(10)# keV

| 340(14) ns

| IT

| 191W

| 9/2−#

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-192

| 192W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 118

| 191.96820(22)#

| 40# s
[>300 ns]

|

|

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-193

| 193W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 119

| 192.97188(22)#

| 30# s
[>300 ns]

|

|

| 1/2−#

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-194

| 194W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 120

| 193.97380(32)#

| 20# s
[>300 ns]

|

|

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-195

| 195W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 121

| 194.97774(32)#

| 30# s
[>160 ns]

|

|

| 3/2−#

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-196

| 196W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 122

| 195.97988(43)#

| 25# s
[>300 ns]

|

|

| 0+

|

|

|-id=Tungsten-197

| 197W

| style="text-align:right" | 74

| style="text-align:right" | 123

| 196.98404(43)#

| 1# s
[>300 ns]

|

|

| 5/2−#

|

|

{{Isotopes table/footer}}

References

{{reflist}}

  • Isotope masses from:
  • {{NUBASE 2003}}
  • Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
  • {{CIAAW2003}}
  • {{CIAAW 2005}}
  • Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
  • {{NUBASE 2003}}
  • {{NNDC}}
  • {{CRC85|chapter=11}}

{{Navbox element isotopes}}

Category:Tungsten

Tungsten