Italian Concerto (Bach)
{{Short description|1735 harpsichord work by J. S. Bach}}
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The Italian Concerto, BWV 971, originally titled Concerto nach Italiænischen Gusto (Concerto in the Italian taste), is a three-movement concerto for two-manual harpsichord solo composed by Johann Sebastian Bach and published in 1735 as the first half of Clavier-Übung II (the second half being the French Overture). The Italian Concerto has become popular among Bach's keyboard works, and has been widely recorded both on the harpsichord and piano.
Context
An Italian concerto relies upon the contrasting roles of different groups of instruments in an ensemble; Bach imitates this effect by creating contrasts using the forte and piano manuals of a two-manual harpsichord throughout the piece.
=Related works=
Along with the French Overture and some of the Goldberg Variations, this is one of the few works by Bach which specifically require a 2-manual harpsichord. However, it is not unusual in being a solo keyboard work based on Italian concertos. Long before the publication of the Italian Concerto, Bach produced a number of concerto transcriptions while working at Weimar. These are of music by Vivaldi and others, reflecting the court's interest in Italian music. They are for harpsichord (BWV 972–987), and for organ or pedal harpsichord (BWV 592–596).
Movements
{{listen
| filename = Johann Sebastian Bach - Italian Concerto - F Major - 1st movement.ogg
| title = Italian Concerto, 1st movement
| description = Performed by Martha Goldstein (harpsichord)
| format = ogg
| filename2 = Johann Sebastian Bach - Italian Concerto - F Major - Andante.ogg
| title2 = Italian Concerto, 2nd movement
| description2 = Performed by Martha Goldstein (harpsichord)
| format2 = ogg
| filename3 = Johann Sebastian Bach - Italian Concerto - F Major - Presto.ogg
| title3 = Italian Concerto, 3rd movement
| description3 = Performed by Martha Goldstein (harpsichord)
| format3 = ogg
}}
{{listen
| filename = J. S. Bach - Italian Concerto, BWV. 971 - 1. Without tempo indication.ogg
| title = Italian Concerto, 1st movement
| description = Performed by Radek Materka (piano)
| format = ogg
| filename2 = J. S. Bach - Italian Concerto, BWV. 971 - 2. Andante.ogg
| title2 = Italian Concerto, 2nd movement
| description2 = Performed by Radek Materka (piano)
| format2 = ogg
| filename3 = J. S. Bach - Italian Concerto, BWV. 971 - 3. Presto.ogg
| title3 = Italian Concerto, 3rd movement
| description3 = Performed by Radek Materka (piano)
| format3 = ogg
}}
The Italian Concerto consists of three movements:
The two lively F major outer movements, in ritornello style, frame a florid arioso-style movement in D minor, the relative minor.
Discography
=Harpsichord=
- Wanda Landowska recorded the first movement in 1908.
- George Malcolm recorded the work twice in the 1950s.{{Cite web |title=George Malcolm: Bach's instrumental works |url=https://bach-cantatas.com/NVP/Malcolm.htm |access-date=2021-05-04 |website=Bach Cantatas Website}}
=Piano=
- Alfred Brendel included the work in a Bach album he recorded for Decca.{{Cite web |title=100 classical music recordings you must own|url=https://www.classicfm.com/music-news/pictures/artist/100-classical-music-recordings-you-must-own/js-bach-italian-concerto-alfred-brendel/ |access-date=2021-05-05 |website=classicfm}}
- Andras Schiff has also recorded the work for Decca.{{Cite web |title=Andras Schiff |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/release/js-bach-italian-concerto-mr0003385695?1620401649999}}
References
External links
- [https://www.bachvereniging.nl/en/bwv/bwv-971/ Italian Concerto, BWV 971]: performance by the Netherlands Bach Society (video and background information)
- {{IMSLP2|work=Italian_Concerto,_BWV_971_%28Bach%2C_Johann_Sebastian%29|cname=Italian Concerto, BWV 971}}
{{Compositions for Organ, Keyboard and Lute by Johann Sebastian Bach}}
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Category:Compositions in F major