Ivan Kostov

{{see also|Kostov Government}}

Kostov was elected chairman of the UDF in 1994. During the winter of 1996/1997, mass protests took place against Bulgarian Socialist Party's government. The causes for the complete crisis were hyperinflation, unemployment and food shortages. The protests ultimately led to the fall of the socialist government. The UDF won the May 1997 elections, and Kostov became Bulgaria's Prime Minister, his cabinet eventually became the country's first post-communist government to serve its full 4-year term.

Kostov is credited with turning around his country's fortunes, implementing the currency board in Bulgaria, removing price controls and creating a modern market economy, which put it on the path of sustainable economic growth. Under his government, long-delayed economic reforms were carried out, including privatization of state-owned enterprises was carried on a large scale and the country started long-sought accession talks with the European Union (which Bulgaria joined on 1 January 2007).

In foreign affairs, Ivan Kostov followed a strongly pro-EU and pro-NATO course, putting the country on a firm path of integration with the EU and NATO. As a part of the pro-NATO stance of his government, during the war in Kosovo he showed leadership by allowing NATO but not Russia to use Bulgaria's airspace despite overwhelming opposition in Bulgaria to the NATO air campaign against Yugoslavia and daily protest marches led by the Bulgarian Socialist Party (the former Bulgarian Communist Party). This single act prevented Russia from resupplying its forces occupying Pristina airport, thus denying the Russians a foothold in Kosovo. This decision ensured the success of the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia and the Kosovo War and ultimately led to a visit to Sofia by US President Bill Clinton in 1999. Against the insistence of the United States, Kostov didn't allow refugees from Kosovo to enter Bulgaria, but arranged for them to be temporarily settled in the Republic of Macedonia instead.

Kostov's rule was characterized by media claims for massive mismanagement and corruption, none of which have been proven. A number of major Soviet era enterprises that were already bankrupt and in the process of liquidation were sold to the highest bidder below the price of their assets because of the tremendous debts these enterprises had. This was done to allow the new investor to save the jobs of the employees, who would otherwise have to immediately lose their job because these enterprises were in a procedure of liquidation to pay off their creditors. This sale under the book value of assets has been misused by critics of Kostov's government since in unfounded accusations of corruption.{{citation needed|date=February 2014}} While successful in stabilizing the country, Bulgaria's current account balance started growing negative.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}}

Some of Kostov's privatization policies were criticized by his opponents from the Bulgarian Socialist Party. Ultimately the UDF lost in the June 2001 election to the newly formed National Movement Simeon II. Kostov resigned as chair of the UDF and eventually left the party to establish, in 2004, a new political party, Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria (DSB). He chaired DSB until June 2013.{{cite web |url=http://bnt.bg/bg/news/view/103350/radan_kynev_e_novijat_lider_na_dsb |title=Българска национална телевизия - Новини - Политика - Радан Кънев е новият лидер на ДСБ |access-date=2013-11-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730031942/http://bnt.bg/bg/news/view/103350/radan_kynev_e_novijat_lider_na_dsb |archive-date=2013-07-30 }}

In 2010, the GERB government of Prime Minister Boyko Borisov proposed instituting a tight fiscal rule in the Bulgarian Constitution, namely that the budget deficit could not exceed 2% of GDP in any one year. The proposal was supported by Ivan Kostov and his party Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria and Parliament adopted it in November 2010. Kostov's DSB supported several other initiatives by GERB's government, including the ban on smoking in public places, and the pension reform proposed by Finance Minister Simeon Dyankov.

He is married to Elena Kostova. Kostov's hobby is tennis and he is also an avid follower of chess.{{sfn|Lilov|2013|p=149}}

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• {{Cite book

|last1=Lilov|first1=Grigor|year=2013

|title=Най-богатите българи |edition=1st

|location=Sofia |publisher=„Кайлас” ЕООД |isbn=978-954-92098-9-1

|url=http://knigabg.com/index.php?page=book&id=34089}}

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• [https://archive.today/20110706142903/http://sun450.government.bg/old/eng/prime_minister/ Speeches, Interviews and Photos]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090704081146/http://otgovori.eu/ Otgovori.eu: Ivan Kostov's answers to a large variety of questions]

{{BulgarianPrimeMinisters}}

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Category:1949 births

Category:Living people

Category:Politicians from Sofia

Category:Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria) politicians

Category:Bulgarian conservatives

Category:Finance ministers of Bulgaria

Category:Prime ministers of Bulgaria

Category:20th-century Bulgarian economists

Category:Sofia University alumni

Category:University of National and World Economy alumni