Ja'far ibn Ali al-Hadi

{{Infobox religious biography

| name = Ja'far ibn Ali al-Hadi
{{Nobold|{{lang|ar|جعفر بن علي الهادي}}}}

| birth_date = {{circa|226}} AH

({{Circa|840}} CE)

| birth_place = Medina, Arabia, Abbasid Caliphate

| death_date = {{circa|885}} (271 AH) (aged 45)

| death_place = Samarra, Abbasid Empire

| resting_place = Samarra

| religion = Shia Islam

| parents =

| relatives = Hasan al-Askari (brother){{break}}Muhammad (brother)

| image_size =

| background = #CEF2CE

| father = Ali al-Hadi

| mother = Hudayth (or Susan or Salil)

}}

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Jaʿfar ibn ʿAlī al-Hādī ({{Langx|ar|أبو عبد الله جعفر بن علي الهادي}}; 226-271 A.H., {{circa|840}} CE – {{circa|885}} CE), also derisively known as al-Kadhdhāb ({{langx|ar|الکَذّاب|lit=the Liar|links=no}}) in Twelver Shi'ism, was the third son of the tenth Twelver Shi'a Imam, Ali al-Hadi. He claimed to be an imam and established his own sect of followers, to whom he was known as al-Zakī ({{langx|ar|الزكي|lit=the pure one|links=no}}).

Family

Jafar b. Ali b. Muḥammad was the son of the tenth Imam, Ali al-Hadi and the brother of eleventh Imam Hasan al-Askari. Also, he had one older brother, Muhammad who died before his father's death.{{cite book |last1=Reza |first1=Saiyed Jafar |title=The Essence of Islam |year=2012 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company, 2012 |isbn=9788180698323 |page=254 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bqwrA5KlYxwC}}

Challenge

=After the death of Ali al-Hadi =

After the death of Ali al-Hadi, Jafar b. Ali claimed Imamate. Twelvers believed that he was immoral.{{cite book |last1=Modarressi |first1=Hossein |title=Crisis and Consolidation in the Formative Period of Shi'Ite Islam: Abu Ja'Far Ibn Qiba Al-Razi and His Contribution to Imamite Shi'Ite Thought |year=1993 |publisher=Darwin Press, Incorporated (June 1, 1993) |isbn=978-0878500956 |url=https://ebookshia.com/upload/bookFiles/2752/Crisis_and_Consolidation_in_the_Formative_Period_of_Shi%27ite_Islam_Abu_Ja%27far_ibn_Qiba_al-Razi_and_His_Contribution_to_Imamite_Shi%27ite_Thought_-_Hossein_Modarres.pdf |edition=English and Arabic |access-date=October 16, 2018 |archive-date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616053002/https://ebookshia.com/upload/bookFiles/2752/Crisis_and_Consolidation_in_the_Formative_Period_of_Shi%27ite_Islam_Abu_Ja%27far_ibn_Qiba_al-Razi_and_His_Contribution_to_Imamite_Shi%27ite_Thought_-_Hossein_Modarres.pdf |url-status=dead }} Baháʼís believe that he was a truthful person.{{Cite web|date=2015-05-30|title="Regarding the one who related the existence of the Qáʼim…"|url=https://adibmasumian.com/translations/existence-of-qaim/|access-date=2020-10-16|website=Adib Masumian|language=en}}

In his defense, his followers claimed that his personality had changed from his youth. Jafar b. Ali's followers came to be known as the Ja’fariyya and al-Askari's followers were known as the Twelvers.

=After the death of Hasan al-Askari =

After the death of Hasan al-Askari, even though, al-Askari's mother was still alive, Jafar requested his property.{{cite book |last1=Momen |first1=Moojan |title=An Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism |year=1985 |publisher=Yale University Press; New edition (September 10, 1987) |isbn=978-0300035315 |pages=161–163 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B0OL5Z8S-V0C}} He claimed that his brother never had a son.{{cite web|last1=Imam|first1=Sayyid Imdad|title=Misbah-uz-Zulam, Roots of the Karbala' Tragedy|date=11 December 2014 |url=https://www.al-islam.org/misbah-uz-zulam-roots-karbala-tragedy-sayyid-imdad-imam|publisher=Ansariyan Publications - Qum}}