Jacob Bancks

Sir Jacob Bancks (also Banks, Bankes, Banckes) (1662–1724) was a Swedish naval officer in the British service. He settled in England and became a Tory Member of Parliament.

Early life

His parents were Lawrence Bengston Bancks of Stockholm, a customs commissioner, and his wife Christina.John Burke, A genealogical and heraldic history of the commoners of Great Britain and Ireland enjoying territorial possessions or high official rank: but uninvested with heritable honours, Volume 2 (1835), p. 405; [https://books.google.com/books?id=0I9AAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA405 Internet Archive]. He arrived in England in 1681 as a diplomat and served as secretary to his uncle, Johan Barckman (Hans Barikman) Leijonberg, the Swedish resident in London at that time.Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society volume 28 (1907), p. 230; [https://archive.org/stream/proceedings28dorsuoft#page/n389/mode/2up archive.org]. The resident's name is often Anglicized as James Barkman Leyenburg,[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1690-1715/survey/appendix-ix-members-foreign-extraction historyofparliamentonline.org, Members of Foreign Extraction].{{cite book |author=Wheatley, H.B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kMuDNwietYYC&pg=PA48 |title=Samuel Pepys and the World He Lived In |date=2010 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781108021524 |page=48 |accessdate=25 January 2017}} but it is also mentioned as John Birkman, Count of Lezenburgh.{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028091142|title=Bournemouth: 1810-1910, the history of a modern health and pleasure resort|first=Charles Henry|last=Mate|date=9 April 2018|publisher=Bournemouth, Eng., W. Mate|via=Internet Archive}}

Naval officer

Bancks joined the Royal Navy in 1681. In 1690, he participated in the Battle of Beachy Head, where he took over command from his wounded captain.{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1690-1715/member/banks-jacob-1662-1724|publisher=historyofparliamentonline.org|title=BANKS, Jacob (1662-1724), of Milton Abbas, Dorset and Somerford, Hants. | History of Parliament Online |accessdate=25 January 2017}} Shortly after the battle, Bancks received a commission as captain and assumed command of HMS Cambridge in September 1690.James Savage, History of the Hundred of Carhampton: in the county of Somerset, from the best authorities (1830), p. 638; [https://archive.org/details/historyhundredc01savagoog/page/n689]. During the same year, he purchased Hall Place in Berkshire.{{cite web|url=http://www.bca.ac.uk/about/history.htm |publisher=bca.ac.uk |title=Berkshire College of Agriculture page |accessdate=25 January 2017 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602204307/http://www.bca.ac.uk/About/history.htm |archivedate= 2 June 2008 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.berkshirehistory.com/castles/hall_place.html|publisher=berkshirehistory.com|title=Berkshire History: Hall Place (Hurley)|accessdate=25 January 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://3decks.pbworks.com/w/page/914314/HBMS%20Cambridge%20(1666)|publisher=3decks.pbworks.com|title=3decks - Naval Sailing Warfare History / HBMS Cambridge (1666) |accessdate=25 January 2017}}

In 1692, as captain of HMS Phoenix, Bancks was off the coast of Spain when his ship was forced ashore on 12 April by a more powerful French naval force. To prevent the ship from being captured, The Phoenix was set on fire.William Laird Clowes et al., The Royal Navy, a history from the earliest times to the present vol. 2 (1897), p. 468; [https://archive.org/stream/royalnavyhistory02clowuoft#page/508/mode/2up archive.org]. Bancks served as captain of HMS Carlisle in 1693.{{cite web|url=http://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_ship&id=14035|publisher=threedecks.org|title=British Fourth Rate ship of the line 'Carlisle' (1693)|accessdate=25 January 2017}} He was on half pay from 1696, or from the conclusion of the Treaty of Ryswick (end 1697). He was knighted in 1698, as captain of HMS Russell,{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/knightsofengland02shawuoft#page/270/mode/2up|title=The Knights of England. A complete record from the earliest time to the present day of the knights of all the orders of chivalry in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and of knights bachelors, incorporating a complete list of knights bachelors dubbed in Ireland|accessdate=25 January 2017}} which he had commanded since 1696.{{cite web|url=http://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_ship&id=150|publisher=threedecks.org|title=British Third Rate ship of the line 'Russell' (1692)|accessdate=25 January 2017}}

In politics

He married the widow Mary Luttrell (née Tregonwell) in 1696 and served as the Member of Parliament for Minehead from 1698. Initially, he shared the seat with Alexander Luttrell, the brother of Francis, his wife's first husband.[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1690-1715/constituencies/minehead historyofparliamentonline.org, Minehead Borough]. He was subsequently involved in the rougher side of the Whig-Tory factional strife.

Bancks had George Rooke as stepson for a short period, since Rooke's second wife was Mary Luttrell (died 1702), daughter of his wife by her first marriage.{{ODNBweb|id=24059|title=Rooke, George|first=John B.|last=Hattendorf}} Bancks, Rooke and some others belonged to a gentleman's club, for which commemorative medals were struck in 1703 by the visiting Swedish medallist, Bengt Richter; another member who was an M.P. was Tanfield Vachell.{{cite web|url=http://www.christophereimer.co.uk/medals/Tanfield+Vachell|publisher=christophereimer.co.uk|title=Christopher Eimer: Medals - Tanfield Vachell|accessdate=25 January 2017}} A legal case resulted from the connection. After a quarrel with Rooke, William Colepeper claimed that an attempt, on behalf of Rooke, was made upon his life.{{cite DNB|wstitle=Colepeper, William}} He had been assaulted at Windsor Castle in July 1703, by Bancks in particular, on the occasion of Colepeper's delivering a petition for Daniel Defoe who was imprisoned.Philip Nicholas Furbank, W. R. Owens, Defoe De-attributions: a critique of J. R. Moore's Checklist (1994), p. 19; [https://books.google.com/books?id=sUR6G2PjhP0C&pg=PA19 Google Books]. After a trial before Lord-justice Sir John Holt, 14 February 1704, some persons associated with Rooke were fined for attempts to do Colepeper injury: Nathaniel Denew, John Merriam and Robert Britton.[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1690-1715/member/rooke-sir-george-1650-1709 historyofparliamentonline.org, page on George Rooke].{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=URJAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT461|title=Cobbett's Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason: And Other Crimes and Misdemeanor from the Earliest Period to the Present Time ... from the Ninth Year of the Reign of King Henry, the Second, A.D.1163, to ... [George IV, A.D.1820]|first1=Thomas Bayly|last1=Howell|first2=Thomas Jones|last2=Howell|date=9 April 2018|publisher=R. Bagshaw}}{{cite book|title=A true state of the difference between Sir George Rook, Knt. and William Colepeper, Esq: together with an account of the tryal of Mr. Nathanael Denew, Mr. Robert Britton, and Mr. John Merriam, before the Right Honourable Sir John Holt ... on an indictment for the designs and attempts therein mentioned against the life of the said William Colepeper on behalf of the said Sir George Rook. Part I.|first1=William|last1=Colepeper|first2=Daniel|last2=Defoe|last3=England and Wales|last4=Court of King's Bench|date=9 April 2018|oclc = 008723295}} Later in 1704 Bancks was allowed the assistance of Sir Simon Harcourt the Solicitor-General to prepare against a case brought by Colepeper.C. S. Knighton, C. Dimmer (editors), Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reign of Anne, Preserved in the National Archives, 1704–1705 (2005), p. 47; [https://books.google.com/books?id=JZY_mAbhMxsC&pg=PA47 Google Books.]

In 1711 Bancks was attacked in an open letter, initially published anonymously, by the Whig publicist William Benson.{{ODNBweb|id=2147|title=Benson, William|first=James|last=Sambrook}} It was provoked by an address the year before by Bancks to the borough, commending the doctrine of passive obedience over Whig resistance theory. Benson aimed to associate the "Minehead doctrine" he attributed to Bancks with the absolutism of Charles XII of Sweden.Simon Varey (editor), The Case of Opposition Stated, between the Craftsman and the People by William Arnall (2003 edition), p. 75 note 45.4–5; [https://books.google.com/books?id=zO7yCNGb6pkC&pg=PA75 Google Books]. He followed it with another such letter. In 1713 Benson and James Milner of London stood against Bancks and Sir John Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet in Minehead. The Tory pair won the borough, but Bancks did not stand again.{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1715-1754/constituencies/minehead|publisher=historyofparliamentonline.org|title=Minehead | History of Parliament Online|accessdate=25 January 2017}}

Jacobite

Bancks was implicated in the "Gyllenberg Plot", a Jacobite conspiracy in 1716–7 set up by Carl Gyllenborg and Georg Heinrich von Görtz.{{cite book|title=The Parliamentary History of England from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803: From which Last-mentioned Epoch it is Continued Downwards in the Work Entitled "Hansard's Parliamentary Debates." V. 1-36; 1066/1625-1801/03|author1=Cobbett, W.|author2=Hansard, T.C.|author3=Great Britain. Parliament|date=1811|volume=7|publisher=T.C. Hansard|isbn=9780404016500|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qa4_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PT228|accessdate=25 January 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1690-1715/survey/politics-house|publisher=historyofparliamentonline.org|title=The Politics of the House | History of Parliament Online|accessdate=25 January 2017}} He was taken into custody, with Charles Caesar, on 29 January 1717, the day on which General George Wade implicated Gyllenborg in plotting by finding incriminating papers.John Joseph Murray, George I, the Baltic and the Whig split of 1717: a study in propaganda (1969), pp. 315–6; [https://books.google.com/books?id=Qpw9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA315 Google Books].{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofengland01stan#page/388/mode/2up|title=History of England from the peace of Utrecht to the peace of Versailles. 1713-1783|accessdate=25 January 2017}} Another arrest was Boyle Smith.{{cite book|title=Medulla Historiae Anglicanae: The Ancient and Present State of England : Being a Comprehensive History of All Its Monarchs from the Time of Julius Caesar|author=Howell, W.|date=1742|publisher=D. Midwinter, W. Innys, A. Ward, J. and P. Knapton, S. Birt, [and 5 others]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gz4PAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA554|page=554|accessdate=25 January 2017}} Bancks and Caesar had in fact raised and sent to Sweden £18,000 to support a putative Jacobite invasion; but there was little intention in Sweden of spending it for that purpose.Linda Colley,In Defiance of Oligarchy: The Tory party 1714–60 (1985), p. 190.

Legacy

File:Queen Anne statue Minehead.jpg.]]

Around 1715 he commissioned Francis Bird to sculpt a statue of Queen Anne for Minehead.http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/BLM/SO55.htm, [Public Monument and Sculpture Association National Recording Project]

Family

Jacob Bancks (1704–1738), also a Member of Parliament, was his son.[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1715-1754/member/banks-jacob-1704-38 historyofparliamentonline.org, Banks, Jacob (1704-38), of Milton Abbas, Dorset]. When the younger Jacob Bancks died intestate, a complex lawsuit arose, involving the Swedish side of the family.George Wilson, Reports of cases argued and adjudged in the King's courts at Westminster [1742–1774], Parts 1-2 (1779), p. 68; [https://books.google.com/books?id=3olRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA68 Google Books].

Notes

External links

[http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/37894.html 1703 medal commemorating Bancks, Royal Museums Greenwich]
[https://archive.org/details/historyhundredc01savagoog/page/n694 Family tree]

{{s-bef

| before = John Sanford

| before2 = Alexander Luttrell

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{{s-title

| title = Member of Parliament for Minehead

| years = 1698–1707

| with = Alexander Luttrell

}}

{{s-aft

| after = Parliament of Great Britain

}}