James A. Byrne United States Courthouse

{{Short description|American federal court house}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2025}}

{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}

{{Infobox building

| name = James A. Byrne
United States Courthouse

| image = James A. Byrne United States Courthouse (53590173061).jpg

| image_size = 237px

| caption = (2024)

| location = 601 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.

| coordinates = {{coord|39.950765|-75.15039|region:US-PA|format=dms|display=inline,title}}

| map_type = Philadelphia#Pennsylvania#USA

| building_type = Federal courthouse, office

| roof = {{convert|303|ft|m|abbr=on}}

| floor_count = 26

| opening = 1975

| engineer = Lev Zetlin & Associates

| architect = Bellante & Clauss; Carroll, Grisdale & Van Alen; Stewart, Noble, Class & Partners

| developer =

| owner = General Services Administration

}}

The James A. Byrne United States Courthouse is a Federal courthouse in the Center City region of Philadelphia. The court houses the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit{{cite web|title=Third Judicial Circuit|url=http://www.ca3.uscourts.gov/|accessdate=2 June 2012}} and the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.{{cite web|title=U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania|url=http://www.paed.uscourts.gov/|accessdate=2 June 2012}} It is located at 601 Market Street between N. 6th and N. 7th Streets, next to Independence Mall. The building is named after James A. Byrne, a former Democrat in the U.S. House of Representatives.

Construction on the building, which overlooks Independence National Park, began in 1970. The building and the adjacent federal building were both designed by Bellante & Clauss, Carroll, Grisdale & Van Alen and Stewart, Noble, Class & Partners, all of Philadelphia."Tortured Tower" in Progressive Architecture 46, no. 9 (September, 1965): 48–49. It opened in late 1975, to coincide with the celebration of the Bicentennial of the Declaration of Independence. It houses a Louise Nevelson sculpture titled Bicentennial Dawn.[http://www.philart.net/artist.php?id=172 Philadelphia Public Art: Louise Nevelson]. Philart.net. Retrieved on 2014-02-28.{{cite book|last=Thalacker|first=Donald W.|title=The Place of Art In the World of Architecture|date=1980|publisher=Chelsea House|location=New York|isbn=0877540985|pages=120–125}} Thalacker was Director of the Art-In-Architecture Program of the U.S. General Services Administration. Under the leadership of former Chief Third Circuit Judge Edward R. Becker, the main entrance and ground floor lobby were redesigned in 2004 to be more inviting and educational to the general public. After his death in 2006, the lobby, which features quotations on the importance of the right to jury trial, was dedicated to and named for Judge Becker.{{cite web|last=Third Circuit Bar Ass'n|title=Third Circuit remembers Judge Becker|url=http://thirdcircuitbar.org/newsletters/ThirdCircuitBarAssociationNewsletter_1-1_July_2007.pdf|work=Newsletter, Vol. 1, No. 1|accessdate=4 March 2014|archive-date=4 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304050638/http://thirdcircuitbar.org/newsletters/ThirdCircuitBarAssociationNewsletter_1-1_July_2007.pdf|url-status=dead}}, p.3

Along with the adjacent William J. Green, Jr. Federal Building, the Courthouse is part of the largest Federal complex in Philadelphia, with 1.7 million gross square feet. It shares mechanical systems and an underground garage with the Green Building.