James Brydges, 3rd Duke of Chandos

Chandos was the only son of Henry Brydges, 2nd Duke of Chandos, and Lady Mary Bruce, daughter of Charles Bruce, 3rd Earl of Ailesbury. He was educated at Westminster School from 1742 to 1749, and then at Göttingen University in 1750/1751.Johanna Oehler: "Abroad at Göttingen" Britische Studenten als Akteure des Kultur- und Wissenschaftstranfers 1735-1806, Wallstein, Göttingen 2016, pp. 98-124 (in German)

Chandos was Member of Parliament for Winchester from 1754 to 1761 and for Radnorshire between 1761 and 1768.G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., volume III, page 45 He succeeded in the dukedom upon the death of his father on 28 November 1771.

He was a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to George, Prince of Wales from 1760 to 1764, the Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire in 1763–64 and 1771–80, sworn to the Privy Council on 12 May 1775 and appointed Lord Steward of the Household from December 1783 to his death in 1789.{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1754-1790/member/brydges-james-1731-89|title=BRYDGES, James, Mq. of Carnarvon (1731-89).|publisher= History of Parliament Online|access-date= 27 February 2018}}

File:Chandos House.jpg

Chandos's first marriage was to Margaret Nicol (1736–1768), daughter of John Nicol of Colney Hatch and Minchenden House, and his wife Winifred Keck, on 22 March 1753. They set up a London home at 39 Upper Grosvenor Street, Mayfair.{{cite web |title=Upper Grosvenor Street: South Side Pages 231-238 Survey of London: Volume 40, the Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 2 (The Buildings). Originally published by London County Council, London, 1980. |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol40/pt2/pp231-238 |website=British History Online |access-date=13 July 2020}} Margaret inherited much of the great fortune acquired by her grandfather Sir Anthony Keck, and was the owner of a famous portrait of Shakespeare, which came to be known as the Chandos portrait following the marriage.

A decade after the death of his first wife, and having become Duke of Chandos in 1771, he married Anne Eliza Gamon, daughter of Richard Gamon of Datchworth Bury, Datchworth, on 21 June 1777. This second marriage produced the only child to survive to adulthood, Lady Anne Elizabeth Brydges (Lady Kinloss, died 1836) who married Richard Temple-Grenville, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. They were the parents of Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos.

Chandos died in September 1789, aged 57, when the Dukedom became extinct. He was buried in St Lawrence Whitchurch in Canons Park, London.{{Cite web |url=http://www.dukesofbuckingham.org.uk/places/Whitchurch/whitchurch.htm |title=Dukes of Buckingham and Chandos: St Lawrence Whitchurch, Little Stanmore |access-date=20 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923033031/http://www.dukesofbuckingham.org.uk/places/Whitchurch/whitchurch.htm |archive-date=23 September 2010 |url-status=dead }} His widow was declared a lunatic and confined to their London home, Chandos House; after her death in 1813, the unexpired lease was sold.

She was also made a ward of court.

There was a lengthy lawsuit in the Irish Courts over the management of her property. In 1794 judge Richard Power, accountant-general and usher of the Court of Chancery, was accused of misappropriating some of the duchess's income and died in a presumed suicide.

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Category:1731 births

Category:1789 deaths

Category:People educated at Westminster School, London

James

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James

Category:Lord-lieutenants of Hampshire

Carnarvon, James Brydges, Marquess of

Carnarvon, James Brydges, Marquess of

Category:British MPs 1754–1761

Category:British MPs 1761–1768

Category:Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain

Category:Grand masters of the Premier Grand Lodge of England

Category:Burials at the Chandos Mausoleum

Category:Freemasons of the Premier Grand Lodge of England

Category:English slave owners