James Presley Ball

Ball was born in Frederick County, Virginia, to William and Susan Ball in 1825.{{cite news |first= Stephanie Ferrell |last= Stover |title= Black History Month: Noted Black Photographer James Presley Ball Recognized in Greenbrier Historical Society Archives |work= Huntington News |date= February 26, 2007 |access-date= August 14, 2009 |url= http://www.huntingtonnews.net/state/070226-stover-ball.html |archive-date= August 24, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070824212516/http://www.huntingtonnews.net/state/070226-stover-ball.html |url-status= dead }} He learned daguerreotype photography from John B. Bailey of Boston, who like Ball was "a freeman of color."{{cite book |author=Hales, Peter B. |title=Silver Cities: Photographing American Urbanization, 1839-1939, revised and expanded ed. |publisher=University of New Mexico Press |location=Albuquerque |year=2005 |pages=111–116 |isbn=0-8263-3178-5 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=P4IR8dqlDHoC&pg=PA111 |access-date=August 16, 2009}} Ball opened a one-room daguerreotype studio in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1845. The business did not prosper, so Ball worked as an itinerant daguerreotypist, settling briefly in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, then in Richmond, Virginia in 1846 to develop a more successful studio near the State Capitol building.

In 1847, Ball again departed for Ohio, again as a traveling daguerreotypist. He settled in Cincinnati in 1849 and opened a studio where his brother Thomas Ball became an operator. The gallery, known as "Ball's Daguerrean Gallery of the West" or "Ball's Great Daguerrean Gallery of the West," ascended "from a small gallery to one of the great galleries of the Midwest." Starting in 1854 and continuing "for about four years," Robert Seldon Duncanson worked in Ball's studio retouching portraits and coloring photographic prints.{{cite book |title= The Emergence of the African-American Artist: Robert S. Duncanson, 1821-1872|last= Ketner |first= Joseph D |year=1993 |publisher= University of Missouri Press |location= Columbia |url = https://archive.org/details/emergenceofafric00ketn_0|url-access= registration|isbn= 0-8262-0880-0 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/emergenceofafric00ketn_0/page/101 101]–104 |access-date= August 16, 2009}} Gleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion in 1854 described the gallery as displaying 187 photographs by Ball and 6 paintings by Duncanson;{{cite book |author1=Weidman, Jeffrey |author2=Haverstock, Mary Sayre |author3=Vance, Jeannette Mahoney |author4=Meggitt, Brian L. |title=Artists in Ohio, 1787-1900: a Biographical Dictionary |publisher=Kent State University Press |location=Kent, Ohio |year=2000 |pages=41–42 |isbn=0-87338-616-7 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ZdICm_W8xKwC&pg=PA41 |access-date= August 16, 2009}} furthermore, the gallery was "replete with elegance and beauty," with walls "bordered with gold leaf and flowers," "master-piece" furniture, a piano, and mirrors.

Meanwhile, Ball opened the separate Ball and Thomas Gallery with his brother-in-law Alexander Thomas. In 1855, Ball published an abolitionist pamphlet accompanied by a 600-yard-long panoramic painting entitled "Mammoth Pictorial Tour of the United States Comprising Views of the African Slave Trade"; Duncanson probably participated in the production of the painting. During 1855 Ball's daguerreotypes were shown at the Ohio State Fair and at the Ohio Mechanics Annual Exhibition. In 1856 Ball traveled to Europe. The Ball and Thomas Gallery was destroyed by a tornado in May 1860, but was later rebuilt with assistance from the community.

During the 1870s Ball ended his partnership with Thomas and moved to Greenville, Mississippi; Vidalia, Louisiana; St. Louis, Missouri; and then Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he started a new studio.{{cite web |title= Leininger-Miller Researches Local Historical Photographer |url= http://daap.uc.edu/art/history_ball|publisher= University of Cincinnati|access-date= August 14, 2009 }} By 1887, the studio was known as "J. P. Ball & Son, Artistic Photographers"; Ball's son was named James Presley Ball, Jr. In September 1887, Ball became the official photographer of the 25th anniversary celebration of the Emancipation Proclamation.

In October 1887, Ball again moved, this time to Helena, Montana, where the "J. P. Ball & Son" studio was established. By 1894, Ball had become active in politics in Helena; for example, he was nominated for a county coroner position which he declined. One of the notable series of photographs Ball took his stay in Helena involved William Biggerstaff (an African-American man) before, during, and after he was hanged in 1896 for committing murder.{{cite news |first= Sarah |last= Boxer |title= Photography Review; Black Photographers Who are Trying to Get Blackness Right |work= New York Times |date= November 9, 2001|access-date=August 16, 2009 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/09/arts/photography-review-black-photographers-who-are-trying-to-get-blackness-right.html}}{{cite web |first= Kristy |last= Amacker |title= Representing Death |url= http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/amacker/photo/death.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20020904200348/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/amacker/photo/death.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= September 4, 2002 |publisher= American Studies at the University of Virginia|access-date=August 16, 2009}}{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Gerald L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-0AoCgAAQBAJ |title=The Kentucky African American Encyclopedia |last2=McDaniel |first2=Karen Cotton |last3=Hardin |first3=John A. |date=2015-08-28 |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn=978-0-8131-6066-5 |pages=46 |language=en}}

By 1892, the Ball family moved to Seattle, Washington, where Ball opened the Globe Photo Studio. He may have relocated to Portland, Oregon, in 1901. The family moved to Honolulu in 1902, where Ball died in 1904.

• Ball, James Presley. Ball's splendid mammoth pictorial tour of the United States. Comprising views of the African slave trade; of Northern and Southern cities; of cotton and sugar plantations; of the Mississippi, Ohio and Susquehanna Rivers, Niagara Falls, &C. Compiled for the panorama. Cincinnati: Achilles Pugh, 1855. (see link below)

Among the subjects of Ball's photographic portraits were P.T. Barnum, Charles Dickens, Henry Highland Garnet, the family of Ulysses S. Grant, Jenny Lind, and Queen Victoria. The techniques used for "all the known photographs of J. P. Ball" as of 1993 included mostly daguerreotypes and albumen prints (e.g., as carte de visites). In 1992, Swann Galleries sold an 1851 daguerreotype by Ball of three storefronts in Cincinnati for $63,800, which set a world record at the time for highest price paid for a daguerreotype at auction.{{cite news |title= A Daguerreotype Brings $63,800|work= Deseret News |date= April 15, 1992}}

Ball's photographic work is held by, among other institutions:{{cite web |title= America's First Look into the Camera: Daguerreotype Portraits and Views, 1839-1862 |url= http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/daghtml/daghome.html|publisher= Library of Congress |access-date= August 14, 2009 }} Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati Historical Society, George Eastman House, Library of Congress, Montana Historical Society, Ohio State University, and University of Washington.

• List of African-American abolitionists
• Alice Ball, granddaughter

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• Behan, Barbara C. [http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aaw/ball-james-presley-1825-1904 "Ball, James Presley (1825-1904)."] Seattle, WA: BlackPast.org.
• Cincinnati Museum Center, Cincinnati Historical Society Library. [https://research.cincymuseum.org/library/ball/jpball.htm J. P. Ball, African American Photographer.] February 6, 2008.
• Slavery, Abolition, Emancipation and Freedom: Primary Sources from Houghton Library (Harvard) [https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/slavery-abolition-emancipation-and-freedom/catalog/74-990039544580203941 Ball's splendid mammoth pictorial tour of the United States ; comprising views of the African slave trade; of Northern and Southern cities; of cotton and sugar plantations; of the Mississippi, Ohio and Susguehanna Rivers, Niagara Falls]

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Category:African-American photographers

Category:19th-century American photographers

Category:1820s births

Category:1904 deaths

Category:Artists from Montana

Category:Artists from Richmond, Virginia

Category:Artists from Cincinnati

Category:People from Helena, Montana

Category:Businesspeople from Richmond, Virginia

Category:19th-century American businesspeople

Category:People from Frederick County, Virginia