Jan Simon Gerardus Gramberg
{{Short description|Dutch author and colonialist (1823–1888)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox person
|name = Jan Simon Gerardus Gramberg
|image =
|birth_date = {{birth date|1823|4|19|df=y}}
|birth_place = Maastricht, Netherlands
|death_date = {{death date and age|1888|10|12|1823|4|19|df=y}}
|death_place = Cobden, Illinois, United States
|nationality =
|other_names =
|known_for =
|occupation =
|spouse = Neeltje Maria Anna Jonckers
}}
Jan Simon Gerardus Gramberg (19 April 1823 – 12 October 1888) was a Dutch author, military physician, plantation owner and adventurer, who lived and worked in the Dutch Gold Coast and the Dutch East Indies, and who wrote several works about these places.{{sfn|Frederiks|van den Branden|1891}}{{cite web |url=http://www.ter-denge.nl/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/genealogie-Gramberg1.pdf |title=Leven en werk van Jan Simon Gerardus Gramberg |website=ter-denge.nl |access-date=10 October 2013 |archive-date=12 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012205146/http://www.ter-denge.nl/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/genealogie-Gramberg1.pdf |url-status=dead }}
Biography
File:GRAMBERG(1861) p186 PLANTAGE 'GRAMBERG' AN DE BOSSUM-PRAH RIVIER.jpg.]]
Gramberg was born in Maastricht to Johan Gramberg and Adriana Grond. After graduating with a medical degree in Utrecht, Gramberg was installed as a medical officer on the Dutch Gold Coast by royal decree dated 13 November 1855.{{cite web |url=http://gcdb.doortmontweb.org/getperson.php?personID=I4367&tree=Africa |title=Gramberg, Jan Simon Gerardus |author=Michel Doortmont |work=GoldCoastDataBase |access-date=12 October 2013}} In Africa, he proved himself to be quite an adventurous man, travelling along the coast and the interior and eventually founding a cotton plantation on the Pra River, on the road to British Komenda. About his period in Africa, which lasted from 1856 to 1859, he wrote a best-selling book titled Schetsen van Afrika's Westkust.{{sfn|Gramberg|1861}}
Gramberg was then installed a medical officer with the Royal Netherlands Navy in the Dutch East Indies, until he had to retire from military service in late 1861 due to illness. Between early 1862 and May 1863, Gramberg was an editor of the Java-Bode, a newspaper in the Dutch East Indies.
Gramberg then shifted his career to the colonial administration, becoming a clerk in Palembang in 1863. Between July 1867 and September 1869, he was granted leave to Europe due to illness, which he spent mostly in The Hague. On returning to the East Indies, he became secretary and treasurer in Timor. He was fired in 1872 for "dishonourable conduct", but reinstalled on his old salary as secretary in the residency of Sumatra's east coast.
In 1878, Gramberg was honourably discharged from service, and settled again in The Hague. He did not find his peace there, and enlisted as a ship's doctor in the United States. He died in Cobden, Illinois on 12 October 1888.
Publications
- {{cite book | last=Gramberg | first=Jan Simon Gerardus | title=Schetsen van Afrika's Westkust | publisher=Weijtingh & Brave | year=1861 | location=Amsterdam | url=http://access.bl.uk/item/pdf/lsidyv36601c4a | access-date=22 February 2017 | archive-date=23 February 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223043000/http://access.bl.uk/item/pdf/lsidyv36601c4a | url-status=dead }}
- {{cite book | last=Gramberg | first=Jan Simon Gerardus | title=De inlijving van het landschap Pasoemah | year=1865 | location=Batavia }}
- {{cite book | last=Gramberg | first=Jan Simon Gerardus | title=Madjapahit: Historisch-romantisch tafereel uit de geschiedenis van Java | year=1868 | location=The Hague }}
- {{cite journal |last=Gramberg |first=J.S.G. |year=1868 |title=De Goudkust |journal=De Gids |volume=32 |pages=383–407 |url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_gid001186801_01/_gid001186801_01_0075.php }}
- {{cite book | last=Gramberg | first=Jan Simon Gerardus | title=De sleutel van Madjapahit. Het Mohammedanisme tegenover de westersche beschaving in Indië | year=1869 | location=Palembang }}
- {{cite book | last=Gramberg | first=Jan Simon Gerardus | title=Palembang, Historisch-romantisch tafereel uit de geschiedenis van Sumatra | year=1878 | location=Batavia }}
- {{cite book | last=Gramberg | first=Jan Simon Gerardus | title=Indische schetsen met zwart krijt. No. 1. Atjeh | year=1882 | location=The Hague }}
Citations
{{reflist}}
References
- {{cite book | last1=Frederiks | first1=J.G. | last2=van den Branden | first2=F. Jos. | title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde | chapter=Jan Simon Gerardus Gramberg | chapter-url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_1595.php | publisher=L.J. Veen | year=1891 | location=Amsterdam }}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gramberg, Jan Simon Gerardus}}