Japanese aircraft carrier Akitsu Maru

Akitsu Maru was a passenger liner taken over before completion by the Imperial Japanese Army. The ship was fitted with a flight deck above the hull, but had no hangar so the aircraft were stored below the flight deck on the original main deck. Conventional aircraft were able to fly off from her deck but could not land aboard due to lack of landing mechanisms, although in July 1944 KX arresting gear was fitted on the flight deck. The Kokusai Ki-76 and Kayaba Ka-1 were flown off Akitsu Maru, as the former was a small, slow aircraft that could land on its short deck and the latter was an autogyro which could even more easily land on a short deck without assistance. She could also carry 27 {{sclass2|Daihatsu|landing craft}}.

Akitsu Maru{{'}}s planned role was to provide aircover during amphibious and landing operations; in practice the ship was essentially an aircraft ferry.{{cite book |title=Fleets of World War II |last=Worth |pages=176 }}

With the deployment of the {{convert|8000|t|LT|adj=on}} {{ship|Japanese amphibious assault ship|Shinshū Maru||2}} and a further refinement, the larger Akitsu Maru, the Japanese amphibious forces had in hand prototypes for all-purpose amphibious ships. In 1937, British and American observers watched Shinshū Maru at work off Shanghai and immediately recognized a significant development in amphibious warfare. The ship carried landing craft in a well deck that could be flooded, which allowed the landing craft to float free from an open stern gate. The ship could also hold additional craft on davits, but its next-most impressive function was an ability to discharge vehicles from a deck-level parking garage directly onto a pier. It also carried two catapults for aircraft but did not embark operational seaplanes. It could, however, transport and unload aircraft if necessary, a capability further developed in the Akitsu Maru, which even had a short take-off flight deck.

File:AkitsuMaru2.jpg spotter planes on deck of Akitsu Maru]]

File:Kayaba ka-1.jpg

While a part of Convoy HI-81 Akitsu Maru was torpedoed by {{USS|Queenfish|SS-393|6}}. One of the torpedoes set off her aft magazine holding depth charges, the explosion shattering the aft portion of the ship. As the seas hit her boilers, they exploded and she sank in the Korean Strait ({{coord|33|17|N|128|11|E}}) on 15 November 1944.{{cite book |title=United States Submarine Operations in World War II |last=Roscoe and Voge |page=416 }} 2,046 men, mainly of the Imperial Japanese Army's 64th Infantry Regiment, including the commander, were killed. Also 104 Maru-ni explosive motor boats (EMB) went down with the ship. The escorts rescued 310 survivors.{{cite web |url=http://www.combinedfleet.com/Akitsu_t.htm |title=Japanese Landing Craft Depot Ships |publisher=www.combinedfleet.com |access-date=4 December 2022}}

• Imperial Japanese Army Railways and Shipping Section

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |last=Brooks |first=Peter W. |title=Cierva Autogiros: The Development of Rotary-Wing Flight |year=1988 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=0-87474-268-4 }}
• {{cite book |last=Cressman |first=Robert |title=The Official Chronology of the U.S. Navy in World War II |url=https://archive.org/details/TheOfficialChronologyOfTheUSNavyInWorldWarII |year=2000 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=1-55750-149-1 }}
• {{cite book |last1=Lengerer |first1=Hans |title=The Aircraft Carriers of the Imperial Japanese Navy and Army: Technical and Operational History |date=2023 |publisher=Model Hobby |location=Katowice, Poland |isbn=978-83-60041-71-0|volume=II}}
• {{cite book |last=Roscoe |first=Theodore |author2=Voge, R. G. |title=United States Submarine Operations in World War II |year=1949 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=0-87021-731-3|name-list-style=amp }}
• {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|editor1-last=Chesneau|editor1-first=Roger |publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich, UK|year=1980|isbn=0-85177-146-7|chapter=Japan|first=Ian |last=Sturton|pages=167–217}}
• {{cite book |last=Worth |first=Richard |title=Fleets of World War II |year=2002 |publisher=Da Capo Press |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |isbn=0-306-81116-2 }}

{{WWII Japanese ships}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Akitsu Maru}}

Category:Escort carriers of the Imperial Japanese Army

Category:World War II escort carriers of Japan

Category:Amphibious warfare vessels of Japan

Category:Ships built by IHI Corporation

Category:1941 ships

Category:Ships sunk by American submarines

Category:Japanese inventions