Japanese submarine I-176

I-176 was ordered in 1939 but construction did not begin until 1941 at the Kure Naval Arsenal in Hiroshima prefecture. On completion in 1942 the vessel was renamed from I-76 to I-176{{cite book|last=Carpenter|first=Dorr|author2=Polmar, Norman|title=Submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1986|isbn=0870216821}} and was sent initially to Truk in September 1942. On October 13, an American carrier group was sighted off the Solomon Islands. Japanese submarines in the area, including the I-176, were ordered to travel north to carry out an attack but the I-176 was the only Japanese vessel to successfully engage one of the US vessels.{{cite book|last=Boyd|first=Carl|author2=Yoshida, Akihito|title=The Japanese Submarine Force and World War II|page=102|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2002|isbn=1-55750-015-0}} She attacked {{USS|Chester|CA-27}} on October 20, 1942, at {{coord|13|31|S|163|17|E}} some {{convert|120|mi}} southeast of the island of Makira (then known as San Cristobal).{{cite book|last=Cressman|first=Robert|title=The official chronology of the U.S. Navy in World War II|page=124|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2000}} The cruiser was badly damaged, suffering 11 killed and 12 wounded. After returning to Sydney, Australia, to carry out repairs, Chester had to withdraw to Norfolk, Virginia, for repairs which kept her out of the war until September 1943.{{cite web|title=Chester |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/c7/chester-ii.htm |work=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships |publisher=Department of the Navy – Naval Historical Center |access-date=2009-05-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414102109/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/c7/chester-ii.htm |archive-date=2010-04-14 }}

File:USS Corvina SS-226.jpg

I-176 was subsequently converted to a transport role, with her 12 cm 11th Year Type naval gun gun being removed and fittings for a landing craft being added.{{cite book|last=Stille|first=Mark|author2=Bryan, Tony|title=Imperial Japanese Navy Submarines 1941–45|page=18|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84603-090-1}} She was ordered to Guadalcanal, where she successfully carried out the first submarine resupply operation of the Japanese garrison on the island in December 1942.{{cite book|last=Hoyt|first=Edwin Palmer|title=Guadalcanal|page=266|publisher=Stein and Day|year=1982|isbn=0-8128-2735-X}} A second supply mission the following month failed. In March 1943 I-176 narrowly avoided destruction when she was attacked at Lae, Papua New Guinea by US B-25 Mitchell bombers while unloading supplies.{{cite book|last=Stern|first=Robert C.|title=The hunter hunted: submarine versus submarine : encounters from World War I to the present|page=139|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2007|isbn=978-1-59114-379-6}} Her commander, Yahachi Tanabe, was wounded by machine-gun fire from the bombers and had to relinquish command a few days later.{{cite book|last=Smith|first=Peter C.|title=Midway: Dauntless Victory: Fresh Perspectives on America's Seminal Naval Victory of World War II|page=243|publisher=Pen & Sword Maritime|year=2008}}

After several months of repairs in Japan, I-176 returned to Lae, Sio and Finschhafen in New Guinea to carry out a number of successful supply runs between July and October 1943. The submarine was ordered to Truk in November 1943 but her instructions were intercepted by US signals intelligence. Several American submarines in the Truk area were informed that a Japanese submarine was in the vicinity. A message from I-176 was intercepted which reported that the vessel had "Received direct torpedo hit en route to Truk, no damage". It had presumably been attacked by an American submarine but had escaped damage, most likely due to a defective torpedo. On November 16, the probable attacker, {{USS|Corvina}}, was itself sunk by I-176.{{cite book|last=Jones|first=David|author2=Nunan, Peter|title=U.S. subs down under: Brisbane, 1942–1945|page=196|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2004|isbn=1-59114-644-5}} The I-176's log recorded that it had fired three torpedoes, claiming two hits which destroyed the target. The loss of the Corvina was not announced until March 14, 1944; she was the only American submarine to be sunk by a Japanese submarine in the entire war.{{cite web|title=Corvina |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/c14/corvina.htm |work=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships |publisher=Department of the Navy – Naval Historical Center |access-date=2009-05-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414111940/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/c14/corvina.htm |archive-date=2010-04-14 }}

I-176 returned to Kure in Japan for an overhaul between the end of November 1943 and mid-March 1944. She subsequently returned to Truk in April 1944 and was despatched to Buka Island at the far western end of the Solomon Islands archipelago, where she was to undertake another supply run. She was spotted by a US patrol plane whose radio reports summoned the destroyers {{USS|Franks|DD-554}}, {{USS|Haggard|DD-555}} and {{USS|Johnston|DD-557}} to the scene.{{cite book|last=Holmes|first=W.J.|title=Double-Edged Secrets: U. S. Naval Intelligence Operations in the Pacific During World War II|page=171|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1998|isbn=1-55750-324-9}} On the morning of May 16, the destroyers began to comb the waters off Buka. Haggard made a sonar contact at {{coord|4|1|S|156|29|E}}.{{cite book|last=Heden|first=Karl E.|title=Sunken Ships World War II|page=262|publisher=Branden Books|year=2006|isbn=0-8283-2118-3}} at 21:45 and began dropping depth charges. The other destroyers joined in, carrying out a series of depth-charge attacks that continued for several hours. The following morning, the destroyers found evidence of the destruction of I-176 – fragments of sandalwood and cork and paper marked with Japanese words. There were no survivors.{{cite book|last=Roscoe|first=Theodore|title=United States destroyer operations in World War II|pages=[https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesdest0000rosc/page/396 396–7]|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1953|isbn=0-87021-726-7|url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesdest0000rosc/page/396}} I-176 was presumed lost on June 11, 1944, and was removed from the Japanese Navy List on July 10.

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• [http://www.combinedfleet.com/I-176.htm IJN Submarine I-176: Tabular Record of Movement] – Bob Hackett & Sander Kingsepp

{{Kaidai type submarine}}

{{May 1944 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:I-176}}

Category:Type KD7 submarines

Category:Kaidai-class submarines

Category:Ships built by Kure Naval Arsenal

Category:1941 ships

Category:World War II submarines of Japan

Category:Japanese submarines lost during World War II

Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean

Category:Warships lost in combat with all hands

Category:Japanese submarines lost with all hands

Category:Maritime incidents in May 1944