Jean Reutlinger
{{Short description|French photographer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Jean Reutlinger
| image = File:Jean Reutlinger 1910s.jpg
| birth_name = John Léo Reutlinger
| birth_date = 19 March 1891
| birth_place = Paris, France
| death_date = 22 August 1914 (aged 23)
| death_place = Lexy, France
| resting_place = Montparnasse Cemetery
| father = Léopold-Émile Reutlinger
| mother = Jeanne Seure
| relatives = Émile Reutlinger (grandfather)
Cécile Sorel (aunt)
Charles Reutlinger (granduncle)
| partner = Germaine Schroeder (1911–1914)
| years_active = 1910–1914
| awards = Médaille militaire
Croix de Guerre
}}
Jean Reutlinger (born John Léo Reutlinger; 19 March 1891 – 22 August 1914){{Cite web|url=https://en.geneanet.org/archives/actes/actesenligne/724427|title = Archival Records - John Léo Dit Jean REUTLINGER - Military Record - Geneanet}} was a French photographer.
Biography
Jean Reutlinger was born John Léo Reutlinger on 19 March 1891 in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris, the first child to photographer Léopold-Émile Reutlinger and Jeanne Françoise Emma Seure (1871–1955).{{Cite web|url=https://en.geneanet.org/archives/actes/actesenligne/723139|title = Archival Records - Emile Léopold REUTLINGER - Marriage Certificate - Geneanet}}{{Cite web|url=https://en.geneanet.org/archives/actes/actesenligne/723150|title = Archival Records - John Léo Dit Jean REUTLINGER - Birth Certificate - Geneanet}} Jean came from a successful German-Jewish family of photographers – his granduncle, Charles Reutlinger, immigrated from Karlsruhe to Paris in 1850 and founded the family's photography business, and his grandfather was the photographer Émile Reutlinger.{{Cite web|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp82485/charles-reutlinger|title=Charles Reutlinger - National Portrait Gallery}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp82348/reutlinger|title = Reutlinger - National Portrait Gallery}}{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hdsgAQAAIAAJ&q=emile+reutlinger|title = A Short History of Press Photography|last1 = Tausk|first1 = Petr|year = 1988}} His father, Léopold-Émile, specialized in photographing stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, and was a pioneer of erotic photography.{{cite web|url=https://wonderings.net/vintage-postcards/|title=Vintage Postcards|date=12 January 2011|publisher=}}{{cite web|url=http://www.luminous-lint.com/app/photographer/Reutlinger/A/|title=Luminous-Lint - Photographer - Reutlinger|website=www.luminous-lint.com}} His maternal aunt was the theatre actress Cécile Sorel.{{Cite web|url=http://www.helmut-schmidt-online.de/Boudoir-Cards/be-photo-reutlinger.html|title = Boudoir Cards - Belle Epoque Postcards - Photographers - the Reutlingers}}{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yd43AAAAIAAJ&q=jean+reutlinger|title = A l'écart|year = 1980}} Jean had three younger siblings, sisters Yvonne (1896–1898) and Simone Hélène (1899–1967), and brother Jacques Roger (1901–1942).{{Cite web|url=https://data.bnf.fr/14962824/jean_reutlinger/|title=Jean Reutlinger (1891-1914)}}Bourgeron: Les Reutlinger, S. 56.
Reutlinger grew up in Paris and with his maternal grandparents who lived in Orry-la-Ville. He traveled to Baden-Baden in Germany several times to visit his paternal grandparents, and as a young adult he traveled to England and the US.Bourgeron:Les Reutlinger, S.47
File:Germaine Schroeder & Jean Reutlinger, 1913.PNG
From 1910 to 1914 he worked with his father at his studio on 21 Boulevard Montmartre.Karl Baedeker: Paris and its Environs. Books on Demand, 2013, ISBN 978-3-956-56222-8, S. 42 ({{Google books|kdD9AAAAQBAJ||page=42}}). He produced thousands of photographs in sepia and black and white, and experimented with autochrome, an early form of color photography.[http://www.cparama.com/forum/reutlinger-leopold-emile-t771.html Reutlinger, Léopold Emile] auf CPArama.com 2015 (Zugriff 25. April 2016).Bourgeron:Les Reutlinger, S.56{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1kUHEAAAQBAJ&q=%22Jean+Reutlinger%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT46|title=The Gender of Photography: How Masculine and Feminine Values Shaped the History of Nineteenth-Century Photography|isbn=9781000213164|last1=Hudgins|first1=Nicole|date=2 September 2020|publisher=Routledge }} His photography subjects included La Belle Otero,{{Cite web|url=https://veja.abril.com.br/blog/dias-lopes/a-grande-cortesa/amp/|title=A grande cortesã | VEJA}} Anna Held, Cléo de Mérode, Gabrielle Réjane,{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oNJKAQAAMAAJ&q=jean+reutlinger&pg=PA7|title=Theatre Magazine|year=1913}} Geneviève Lantelme,{{Cite web|url=https://www.laliberte.ch/news/culture/litterature/des-femmes-puissantes-548657|title=Des femmes puissantes}} Valentine de Saint-Point,{{Cite web|url=https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2020/12/23/valentine-d-arabie-la-muse-scandaleuse_1809583/|title = «Valentine d'Arabie», la muse scandaleuse}} and his girlfriend, the bookbinder Germaine Schroeder. He often posed his models in a comedic, tragic, or classical style.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1kUHEAAAQBAJ&q=jean+reutlinger&pg=PT46|title = The Gender of Photography: How Masculine and Feminine Values Shaped the History of Nineteenth-Century Photography|isbn = 9781000213164|last1 = Hudgins|first1 = Nicole|date = 2 September 2020| publisher=Routledge }}
Reutlinger, who was athletic and enjoyed sports, befriended and photographed the German athlete and sculptor Hanns Braun.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LuhTAAAAMAAJ&q=jean+reutlinger|title = Male Bodies: A Photographic History of the Nude|isbn = 9783791330549|last1 = Cooper|first1 = Emmanuel|year = 2004| publisher=Prestel }} In Paris, Reutlinger frequented circles of writers who also practiced rhythmic gymnastics, similar to eurythmy.Bourgeron: Les Reutlinger, S. 49. He also photographed himself in various athletic positions, and worked as a fencer.Bourgeron: Les Reutlinger, S. 51. In 1912, he participated in the University of Paris' masters athletics.Bourgeron: Les Reutlinger, S. 52 f. Under various pseudonyms, one of them being Doriane G., an homage to Oscar Wilde, he wrote sports articles for La Vasque and L'Auto, amongst others. In addition to his sports articles, he also published poetry in La Vasque with Schroeder.[http://expositions.bnf.fr/portraits/grand/046_1.htm John Léo (dit Jean) Reutlinger (1891-22 août 1914). Portrait de la poétesse Germaine Schroeder dans son appartement du 52, rue Madame.] In: Bibliothèque nationale de France
File:Reutlinger family grave at Montparnasse.jpg
In October 1913, Reutlinger was conscripted into the army and joined the
92nd Infantry Regiment. At the beginning of World War I, Reutlinger asked Schroeder to visit his garrison in order to give her numerous personal documents "as if he had foreseen his death".Bourgeron: Les Reutlinger, S. 55. Reutlinger died in the Battle of the Ardennes on 22 August 1914; he was wounded twice and continued to fight before being fatally wounded. At the time of his death, he was attached to the 67th Regiment during the offensive towards La Chiers.https://www.mortonandeden.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/125web.pdf He was buried at Montparnasse Cemetery alongside his sister Yvonne. His parents and two siblings were buried with them upon their deaths.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tBDUBwAAQBAJ&q=jean+reutlinger&pg=PT84|title = Everything to Nothing: The Poetry of the Great War, Revolution and the Transformation of Europe|isbn = 9781784781507|last1 = Buelens|first1 = Geert|date = 16 February 2016| publisher=Verso Books }}Geert Buelens: Europas Dichter und der Erste Weltkrieg. Suhrkamp : Frankfurt 2014, ISBN 978-3-518-73707-1 ({{Google books|Kio8CgAAQBAJ|}}).{{Cite web|url=https://en.geneanet.org/archives/actes/actesenligne/724427|title = Archival Records - John Léo Dit Jean REUTLINGER - Military Record - Geneanet}}{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OwXrAAAAMAAJ&q=jean+reutlinger|title = Anthologie des textes sportifs de la littérature|last1 = Prouteau|first1 = Gilbert|year = 1948}} After his death, Schroeder looked after his estate.Bourgeron:Les Reutlinger, S.56 Reutlinger's photographs are now preserved at the Bibliothèque nationale de France.
In 1917, the diplomat Pierre Combret de Lanux said of him in his book Young France and New America, "My friends Alain-Fournier, Baguenier-Désormeaux, Jean Reutlinger, Armand de Montoussém – and my countless brothers whose names I do not know – you were the best among us and now you leave a heavy task for us to perform. We shall miss you not with the heart only; we shall miss your energies and advice."{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xLesAAAAMAAJ&q=jean+reutlinger&pg=PA30|title = Young France and New America|last1 = Lanux|first1 = Pierre Combret de|year = 1917}} In 1922 Reutlinger was posthumously awarded the Médaille militaire and Croix de Guerre and honoured as Mort pour la France.Le Temps, 11. April 1922{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q3VPAQAAMAAJ&q=jean+reutlinger|title = La Revue mondiale|last1 = Finot|first1 = Jean|year = 1920}}
References
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Category:20th-century French journalists
Category:20th-century French male artists
Category:20th-century French male writers
Category:20th-century French photographers
Category:20th-century French poets
Category:20th-century pseudonymous writers
Category:Burials at Montparnasse Cemetery
Category:French military personnel killed in World War I
Category:French people of German-Jewish descent
Category:Journalists from Paris