Jean Victor Audouin

{{Short description|French naturalist, entomologist, herpetologist, ornithologist, and malacologist (1797–1841)}}

{{Infobox scientist

| name = Jean Victor Audouin

| image = Victor Audouin.jpg

| image_size =

| alt =

| caption =

| birth_date = {{birth date|1797|4|27|df=y}}

| birth_place = Paris, France

| death_date = {{death date and age|1841|11|9|1797|4|27|df=y}}

| death_place = Paris, France

| residence =

| citizenship =

| nationality = French

| ethnicity =

| fields = {{Unbulleted list|Entomology|Herpetology|Ornithology|Malacology}}

| workplaces = Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
Société entomologique de France
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

| alma_mater =

}}

Jean Victor Audouin (27 April 1797 – 9 November 1841), sometimes Victor Audouin, was a French naturalist, an entomologist, herpetologist, ornithologist, and malacologist.

Biography

Audouin was born in Paris and was educated in the field of medicine. In 1824 he was appointed assistant to Pierre André Latreille, professor of entomology at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, where in 1833 he became Latreille's successor. In 1838 he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

His principal work, Histoire des insectes nuisibles à la vigne (1842), was completed after his death by Henri Milne-Edwards and Émile Blanchard.[http://www.librairiedescarres.com/upload/listeSILA2013.pdf Librairie Descarres]{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Quelques livres rares ou curieux présentés au Salon International du Livre Ancien Many of his papers appeared in the Annales des sciences naturelles, which, with Adolphe Theodore Brongniart and Jean-Baptiste Dumas, he founded in 1824,[https://archive.org/details/annalesdesscienc71218261827audo Archive.org] Annales des sciences naturelles as well as in the proceedings of the Société entomologique de France, of which he was one of the founders in 1832.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}[http://correspondancefamiliale.ehess.fr/document.php?id=1955 Correspondence familiale] Audouin, Jean Victor (1797-1841) et ses descendants In 1833, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Audouin also contributed to other branches of natural history. With Brongniart and Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent, he was co-author of the Dictionnaire Classique d'Histoire Naturelle, and with Henri Milne-Edwards, he collaborated on a study of marine animals found in French coastal waters. He also completed Marie Jules César Savigny's ornithological section of Description de l'Egypte (1826). Audouin also studied amphibians and reptiles, and from 1827 to 1829 he described four new species of lizardsThe Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org. and one new species of frog.Amphibian Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference. research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia.

In 1843, mycologist David Gruby named the fungal species Microsporum audouinii after him.[https://books.google.com/books?id=3R09AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA170 Introduction to the History of Mycology] by Geoffrey Clough Ainsworth Audouin's gull (Larus audouinii) is an ornithological species named in his honor,[http://blx1.bto.org/birdfacts/results/bob5880.htm British Trust for Ornithology] Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii as is the red alga Audouinella, and in the French language, the term poche copulatrice d'Audouin (the copulatory pouch of Audouin) is another name for the spermatheca.[http://www.cosmovisions.com/abeillesOrganisation.htm L'organisation interne des abeilles][https://books.google.com/books?id=v664AAAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA236 Google Books] L'Apiculteur, Volumes 37-38 by Société centrale d'apiculture

Publications

Histoire des insectes nuisibles à la vigne et particulièrement de la Pyrale qui dévaste les vignobles des départements de la Côte-d'Or, de Saône-et-Loire, du Rhône, de l'Hérault, des Pyrénées-Orientales, de la Haute-Garonne, de la Charente-Inférieure, de la Marne et de Seine-et-Oise, avec l'indication des moyens qu'on doit employer pour la combattre... Paris, Fortin, Masson, 1842