Jeff Wooller
{{Short description|English accountant and educationalist (born 1940)}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2014}}
{{good article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Jeff Wooller
| image =
| caption =
| birth_name = Herbert Jeffrey Wooller
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1940|3|6|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Yorkshire, England
| nationality = British
| alma_mater = London School of Economics
Cass Business School
| spouse =
| children =
| occupation = Accountant
| known_for =
}}
Herbert Jeffrey Wooller (born 6 March 1940) is an English accountant and educationalist. He is noted for his accountancy tuition initiatives, and for campaigning for reform of his professional institute, the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. The institute eventually excluded him from its membership because of his association with the Irish International University, Irish University Business School and International University Business School. Wooller has founded several educational institutions such as the Jeff Wooller College, Institute of Professional Financial Managers and Irish University Business School.
Early life and career
Born in Yorkshire, Wooller attended Millbridge Upper School and Heckmondwike Grammar School.{{cite journal | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ez8RAQAAMAAJ | title=Jeff Wooller | journal=Accountancy | year=1977 | volume=88 | pages=35}}{{cite news | url=http://www.spenboroughguardian.co.uk/news/local/old-school-ties-1-1408050 | title=Old school ties | work=Spenborough Guardian | date=19 February 2008 | access-date=24 December 2013 | archive-date=25 December 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225112641/http://www.spenboroughguardian.co.uk/news/local/old-school-ties-1-1408050 | url-status=dead }} He began his career as a banker, which took him to Bangladesh and Pakistan. When he returned to Yorkshire, he took a job with Peat Marwick, an accounting firm. In 1970, Wooller attended the London School of Economics to take a two-year Master of Science in accounting and finance.{{cite web | url=http://www.alumni.lse.ac.uk/olc/pub/LHE/filemanager/events/reunions/2013_1970s/1972.pdf | title=London School of Economics Alumni | access-date=30 June 2013}}{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q5wKAAAAIAAJ | title=Calendar | access-date=30 June 2013 |author1=London School of Economics |author2=Political Science | year=1973| publisher=The School. | isbn=9780853280149 }} After the course ended in 1972, he went to Cass Business School and received a Doctor of Philosophy. At Cass Business School, Wooller together with Dr Peter Grinyer conducted extensive research into the corporate models of projects sponsored by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.{{cite book | title=Corporate Models Today: a new tool for financial management | publisher=Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales | last1=Grinyer | first1=Peter | last2=Wooller | first2=Jeff | year=1975 | isbn=9780852911044}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7256506/corporate-models | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002723/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7256506/corporate-models | url-status=dead | archive-date=2016-03-04 | title=Corporate models | journal=Accountancy | date=March 1973 | volume=83 | issue=955 | pages=8}}{{cite web | url=http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/management/aboutus/people/honoraryandvisiting/petergrinyer/ | title=Professor Peter Grinyer | work=University of St Andrews | access-date=4 July 2013 | archive-date=17 September 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917151307/http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/management/aboutus/people/honoraryandvisiting/petergrinyer/ | url-status=dead }}
In January 1974, he was appointed technical editor of Accountancy, with special responsibilities in industry and commerce.{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/5938432 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234246/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/5938432 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=Technical editors appointed | journal=Accountancy | date= January 1974 | volume=85 | issue=965 | pages=19}} He created the "Students forum" section of Accountancy and also edited the "Students ask" section. He is also a former editor of The Treasurer, the monthly journal of the Association of Corporate Treasurers and contributed to Accounting and Business Research.{{cite journal | title=Contributors to Accounting and Business Research | date=Winter 1980 | journal=Accounting and Business Research | volume=11 | issue=41 | pages=96 | doi=10.1080/00014788.1980.9729684}} He has previously worked as a management accountant with Tate & Lyle plc and Imperial Chemical Industries.{{cite journal | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WSIRAQAAMAAJ | title=City Notes | journal=The Accountant | date =December 1981 | volume=185 | issue=5572 | pages=490 | quote=so Jeff Wooller, group management accountant with Tioxide International and freelance tutor (who offers a no pass – no fee service) should be well pleased with the latest addition to the London chartered accountant student magazine.}}{{cite journal | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vHpsAAAAIAAJ | title=Two sources of export finance |author1=Wooller, Jeff |author2=Legget, Robert | journal=Industrial Marketing Digest | year=1979 | volume=4 | pages=53}} On 2 November 1987, Wooller was appointed editor of The Accountant.{{cite journal | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rooRAQAAMAAJ | title=New Editor joins the team | journal=The Accountant | year=1987}}
In the 1980s, Wooller set up referral courses in the United Kingdom costing £500, which were offered on a "no pass no fee" basis provided the student had completed a 200-hour work programme and a minimum of 10 tests.{{cite journal | title=Guaranteed Personal Tuition | journal=Accountancy | year=1987 | volume=100}}{{cite journal | title=Personal Tuition | journal=Accountancy | year=1984 | volume=95 | pages=93, 102, 113 | quote=Jeff Wooller, the original "No Pass No Fee" tutor, is so confident of success with his referral students that he guarantees that he would pay £1,000 to "No Pass No Fee" students completing the programme (including a minimum of 10 tests) were they subsequently to fail the final attempt at a referral. Cost is £500 VAT.}} In 1985, Wooller called for an appeals procedure to be implemented for students who were unsuccessful in getting an extension to the normal time limit for completing examinations.{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7341226/tutor-calls-appeals-procedure | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025749/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7341226/tutor-calls-appeals-procedure | url-status=dead | archive-date=2016-03-04 | title=Tutor calls for appeals procedure | journal=Accountancy | date=March 1985 | volume=96 | issue=1099 | pages=10}}
In 2007, Wooller lost his membership as an Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Financial Accountants after appearing on television. He had made statements that discredited the professional body and accountancy.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms4JAQAAMAAJ | title=Financial Accountant | publisher=Chartergate Pub. | access-date=16 June 2013 | year=2007 | quote=Herbert Jeffrey Wooller (known as Jeff) has been deprived of his membership as an Honorary Fellow of the IFA, following his appearance on national television where his statements and bearing were deemed to have the potential to bring the IFA and the accountancy profession into disrepute.}}
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales
Wooller was a dissident member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW). In 1991, Wooller accused the ICAEW of having built-in bias when it marked examinations during a recession, and used PE II (Professional Education II) results to show the bias.{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/5951963/what-do-statistics-show | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234412/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/5951963/what-do-statistics-show | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=What do the statistics show? | journal=Accountancy | date=November 1991 | volume=108 | issue=1179 | pages=14}} Wooller was fined by the ICAEW in 1995 for promoting unaccredited MBA courses.{{cite web | url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/192339.article | title='Plagiarised' MBA application raises bogus degree concerns | work=Times Higher Education | date=12 November 2004 | access-date=30 June 2013}} Wooller formed a ginger group when the ICAEW tried to merge with the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) in 1995.{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9507193831 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234300/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9507193831 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=Definitely the wrong direction | journal=Accountancy | date= June 1995 | volume=115 | issue=1222 | pages=20}} Wooller's ginger group opposed many of the actions of the ICAEW. The merger was shelved after the majority of the ICAEW members voted against it. The ginger group decided to keep fighting for democratic reforms and in June 1996, demanded that the executive of the ICAEW be elected directly by the 109,000 members of the body, instead of by the ICAEW's council of seventy members.{{cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/the-one-minute-expert-1335000.html | title=The one minute expert | work=The Independent | date=2 June 1996 | access-date=30 June 2013}}{{cite news | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/plan-to-ginger-up-ica-1335441.html | title=Plan to Ginger up ICA | work=The Independent | date=4 June 1996 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Trapp, Roger}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/6962326 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235210/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/6962326 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2016-03-03 | title=Corrupted member | journal=Accountancy | date=February 1996 | volume=117 | issue=1230 | pages=5}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/6891809/jeff-woollers-ginger-group-crushed-agm | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130704171319/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/6891809/jeff-woollers-ginger-group-crushed-agm | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-07-04 | title=Jeff Wooller's ginger group crushed at agm | journal=Accountancy | date=July 1996 | volume=118 | issue=1235 | pages=16}} A year later, Wooller demanded that members of the ICAEW be allowed to vote on Peter Gerrard's key constitutional reform proposals,{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1769718/institutes-english-ica-attack | title=INSTITUTES – English ICA under attack | work=Accountancy Age | date=6 June 1997 | access-date=12 July 2013 | author=Stylianou, John}} and Wooller's motion failed by 1,400 votes, including proxies.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1751260/ica-president-touch | title=ICA president is 'out of touch' | work=Accountancy Age | date=12 June 1997 | access-date=30 June 2013}}
In April 1998, Wooller claimed that the council of the ICAEW was obstructing his campaign to increase democracy after it refused to allow the original text of motions that were to be published to be heard at the annual general meeting in June 1998. Wooller's first motion was about electing the president of the ICAEW democratically by ballot. The other two motions came about from the Gerrard report. The second motion said the district societies should be self-financing and the third motion was on reducing the number of council members to fifty-three. The first motion used a quotation from an Accountancy Age interview with council member Ian Hay Davison, and Wooller was told to stop circulating Hay Davison's quotation after he objected to being quoted.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1751304/ginger-plans-censored | title=Ginger plans 'censored' | work=Accountancy Age | date=8 April 1998 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Stokdyk, John}}{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1780899/leader-ica-strive-democracy | title=Leader – ICA should strive for democracy | work=Accountancy Age | date=15 April 1998 | access-date=8 July 2013 | author=Stokdyk, John}} The ICAEW asked members to vote on an increase in the number of council members from seventy-five after requests made in the Gerrard report. Wooller asked members to reduce the number of council members to fifty-three, which was recommended by the Gerrard report as the ideal council quota.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1778529/ica-double-vote | title=ICA members in double vote | work=Accountancy Age | date=27 May 1998 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Stokdyk, John}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7099249/mitchell-petitions-queen-over-acca-standards | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234234/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7099249/mitchell-petitions-queen-over-acca-standards | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=Mitchell petitions Queen over ACCA 'standards' | journal=Accountancy | date=February 1998 | volume=121 | issue=1254 | pages=17}} A 54% majority of the ICAEW members supported Wooller's motion to reduce the number.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1767319/review-row-rattles-ica | title=Review row rattles ICA | work=Accountancy Age | date=2 June 1998 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Stokdyk, John}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7101867 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232324/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7101867 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=Direct election defeated | journal=Accountancy | date=July 1998 | volume=122 | issue=1259 | pages=17}}
Another merger was proposed, this time between the ICAEW, CIMA, and CIPFA.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountingweb.co.uk/anyanswers/reproduced-accountancy-bodies-go-strategic-consolidation | title=Accountancy bodies go for 'strategic consolidation' | work=Accounting WEB | date=14 September 2004 | access-date=30 June 2013}}{{cite news | url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/accounting-institutes-count-cost-of-merger-proposal-bd60l9v7sn2 | title=Accounting institutes count cost of merger proposal | work=The Times | date=6 December 2004 | access-date=8 July 2013 | author=Ashworth, Jon}} Wooller said that his ginger group was "on full alert to mobilise against any proposed merger."{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1764489/members-final-merger | title=Members will have the final say on merger | work=Accountancy Age | date=22 July 2004 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Moher, Brian}} He also said that "we have all made huge sacrifices to become ICAEW members. We could all easily have taken CIMA or CIPFA without having to make any sacrifices", believing that differing standards of education were the greatest obstacle.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/analysis/1785494/institute-merger-merry-round | title=Institute merger merry-go-round | work=Accountancy Age | date=23 July 2004 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Perry, Michelle}} Wooller also said that if the merger was to go ahead, the council of the super-institute could change the accounting examinations system and qualifications.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/analysis/1772166/merger-mania-arranging-marriage | title=Merger mania: Arranging a marriage | work=Accountancy Age | date=4 November 2004 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Moher, Brian}}{{cite news | url=http://www.accountingweb.co.uk/topic/business/icaew-seeks-new-head-education-and-training | title=ICAEW seeks new head of education and training | work=Accounting WEB | date=21 January 2005 | access-date=30 June 2013}} The merger between the three institutes never took place.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/2141360/merger-icaew-cipfa | title=No merger for ICAEW/CIPFA | work=Accountancy Age | date=25 January 2012 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Reed, Kevin}}
The ICAEW received praise from Wooller for its efforts to promote the ACA (ICAEW Chartered Accountant) qualification in China in 2007. In a letter to Accountancy Age, Wooller went on to say that "there is also huge potential for our qualification in India and Eastern Europe."{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1764062/long-term-critics-institute-cold-war | title=Long-term critics u-turn in institute cold war | work=Accountancy Age | date=21 June 2007 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Reed, Kevin}} Wooller was excluded from the ICAEW in October 2009 after acting as the vice-chancellor of the Irish International University, Irish University Business School and International University Business School and not stopping it from confusing students or employers.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1768866/anti-merger-leader-stripped-icaew-membership | title=Anti-merger leader stripped of ICAEW membership | work=Accountancy Age | date=14 October 2009 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Hinks, Gavin}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/45668087/called-account | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230231748/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/45668087/called-account | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=Called to account | journal=Accountancy | date=November 2009 | volume=144 | issue=1395 | pages=13}}{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancylive.com/croner/jsp/Editorial.do?contentId=1373241 | title=ICAEW expels 'fake degree' accountant | work=Accountancy | date=15 October 2009 | access-date=2 January 2014 | author=Hanney, Brian}} He was not present at his disciplinary tribunal and had made no final written submissions to the tribunal.{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8308685.stm | title=Fake degree accountant struck off | work=BBC | date=15 October 2009 | access-date=8 July 2013 | author=Morris, Nigel}}{{cite news | url=http://www.icaew.com/~/media/archive/files/about-icaew/newsroom/Accountancy/Guest%20interviews/icaew-0112-disciplinaries-final.pdf | title=The Rules of Fairness | work=Accountancy | date=13 January 2012 | access-date=2 January 2014}}
Organisations
Wooller founded the Jeff Wooller College which was based in London. It provided a wide range of courses including ACCA, CIMA, CAT and AIA courses. In 1995, Wooller denied involvement in a visa scam with the Jeff Wooller College.{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9507193841/wooller-denies-involvement-visa-scam | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235739/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9507193841/wooller-denies-involvement-visa-scam | url-status=dead | archive-date=2016-03-03 | title=Wooller denies involvement in visa scam | journal=Accountancy | date=June 1995 | volume=115 | issue=1222 | pages=21}} In the 1990s, Wooller sold the business to Felix Orogun and in 2008, it was renamed to Holborn School of Finance and Management following bad publicity about Wooller.{{cite book | title=British Vocational Qualifications | publisher=Kogan Page | date=1 March 2003 | pages=486 | isbn=9780749439613}}{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1782423/college-distances-founder | title=College distances itself from founder | work=Accountancy Age | date=17 January 2008 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Reed, Kevin}}
Wooller founded the Capital Barter Corporation International (CBCI) in May 1996; it was dissolved in February 2009.{{cite news | url=https://www.questia.com/library/1G1-78965665/it-s-a-fair-swap | title=It's a Fair Swap | work=Financial Management | date=1 June 2001 | access-date=30 June 2013 | author=Prickett, Ruth | quote="We heard of one customer who had sold fork lift trucks and amassed a large balance that he had problems spending. When he was asked for his 7 per cent commission on a deal he said: 'With hindsight, I would have been better driving the trucks over the edge of a cliff,'" recalls Jeff Wooller, chairman of barter company CBCI.}}{{cite web|url=http://www.capitalbarter1992.co.uk/ |title=Capital Barter |access-date=29 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100629015905/http://www.capitalbarter1992.co.uk/ |archive-date=29 June 2010 }} He is also the chief executive of the Institute of Professional Financial Managers and founder of the Irish University Business School.{{cite news | url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/172227.article | title=Lecturer linked to unrecognised degree-seller | work=Times Higher Education | date=11 October 2002 | access-date=30 June 2013}}{{cite web | url=http://www.iubs.co.uk/ | title=Irish University Business School | access-date=1 January 2014}} He also owned James Good Developments Limited{{cite book|title=Who Owns Whom: United Kingdom & Ireland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9S0cAQAAMAAJ|year=2006|publisher=Dun & Bradstreet Limited}} and was involved with St. Clements University.
Wooller is a former honorary chancellor of the Irish International University. When the university was investigated by the BBC, Wooller told them that the university was not recognised anywhere and its website was "a figment of someone's imagination. Someone's dreamt up what a university should look like, and that's what's on the website."{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7175730.stm | title=Bogus university scam uncovered | work=BBC | date=7 January 2008 | access-date=8 July 2013 | author=Morris, Nigel}} He admitted that the university's operations were dodgy.{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2008/jan/08/internationalstudents.highereducation | title=A degree of deception | work=The Guardian | date=8 January 2008 | access-date=8 July 2013 | author=Saini, Angela | author-link=Angela Saini}}{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2008/01_january/07/bogus.shtml | title=BBC London's undercover investigation exposes bogus university | work=BBC | date=7 January 2008 | access-date=8 July 2013}} Wooller had previously raised issues with Hardeep Singh Sandhu, the owner of the university, regarding its non-existent campus and accreditation by the Quality Assurance Commission, an organisation owned by Sandhu.{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/analysis/1747748/prospects-university-challenged | title=Prospects: University challenged | work=Accountancy Age | date=17 January 2008 | access-date=8 July 2013 | author=Reed, Kevin}}{{cite news | url=http://www.accountancyage.com/aa/news/1769160/icaew-critic-caught-dodgy-university-row | title=ICAEW critic caught up in 'dodgy' university row | work=Accountancy Age | date=8 January 2008 | access-date=8 July 2013 | author=Reed, Kevin}} Wooller's response to the BBC London investigation was published by Accountancy Age.{{cite web|url=http://accountancymatters.accountancyage.com/2008/01/jeff-woollers-r.html |title=Jeff Wooller's response |work=Accountancy Age |date=23 January 2008 |access-date=28 December 2013 |author=Wild, Damian |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080128195351/http://accountancymatters.accountancyage.com/2008/01/jeff-woollers-r.html |archive-date=28 January 2008 }}
Personal life
Wooller has million-pound properties in Kensington and Monte Carlo and lives as a tax exile in Monte Carlo.
Publications
- {{cite book | title=Corporate Financial Modelling in the U.K., Preliminary Results of a Survey | publisher=City University Graduate Business Centre | last1=Grinyer | first1=Peter | last2=Wooller | first2=Jeff | year=1973 | oclc=500430694}}
- {{cite book | title=Corporate Models Today: a new tool for financial management | publisher=Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales | last1=Grinyer | first1=Peter | last2=Wooller | first2=Jeff | year=1975 | isbn=9780852911044}}{{cite journal | jstor=3009487 | title=Corporate Models Today – A New Tool for Financial Management | author=Hanika, F | journal=Journal of the Operational Research Society | date=October 1978 | volume=29 | issue=10 | pages=1036 | doi=10.2307/3009487}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/book-reviews/7297715 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234218/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/book-reviews/7297715 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=Corporate Models Today: A New Tool for Financial Management | author=Gartland, Peter | journal=Accountancy | date=May 1975 | volume=86 | issue=981 | pages=62}}
- {{cite journal | title=Computer models for corporate planning | last1=Grinyer | first1=Peter | last2=Wooller | first2=Jeff | journal=Long Range Planning | date=February 1975 | volume=8 | issue=1 | pages=14–25 | doi=10.1016/0024-6301(75)90113-2}}
- {{cite book | title=Financial Management Handbook | publisher=Sweet & Maxwell | last1=Dickinson | first1=D | last2=Garner | first2=P | last3=Lewis | first3=J | last4=Wooller | first4=Jeff | year=1977 | isbn=9780903393331}}
- {{cite journal | title=An Overview of a Decade of Corporate Modelling in the UK | last1=Grinyer | first1=Peter | last2=Wooller | first2=Jeff | journal=Accounting and Business Research | date=Winter 1980 | volume=11 | issue=41 | pages=41–49 | doi=10.1080/00014788.1980.9729679}}
- {{cite book | title=Wooller's Guide to PE II: The Exam-Room Approach | author=Wooller, Jeff | year=1981}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7283994/exam-room-technique | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023727/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/7283994/exam-room-technique | url-status=dead | archive-date=2016-03-04 | title=Exam-room technique | journal=Accountancy | date=December 1981 | volume=92 | issue=1060 | pages=7}}{{cite journal | url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/18390933/pe-ii-model-answers-exam-room-approach | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234326/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/18390933/pe-ii-model-answers-exam-room-approach | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-12-30 | title=PE II model answers – the exam-room approach | journal=Accountancy | date=May 1982 | volume=93 | issue=1065 | pages=22}}{{cite journal | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WSIRAQAAMAAJ | title=City Notes | journal=The Accountant | date=December 1981 | volume=185 | issue=5572 | pages=434}}
References
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Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics
Category:Alumni of Bayes Business School
Category:English male journalists
Category:English expatriates in Monaco
Category:People educated at Heckmondwike Grammar School