Jimmy McCracklin
{{Short description|American pianist, singer, and songwriter (1921–2012)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Jimmy McCracklin
| background = solo_singer
| birth_name = James David Walker Jr.
| image = Jimmy_Mc_Cracklin.jpg
| caption = McCracklin in 1981
| image_size = 250px
| alias =
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=y|1921|8|13}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=y|2012|12|20|1921|8|13}}
| birth_place = Elaine, Arkansas, U.S.
| death_place= San Pablo, California, U.S.
| genre = West Coast blues
Jump blues
R&B
deep soul{{cite book|last=Christgau|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau|year=1981|title=Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies|publisher=Ticknor & Fields|isbn=089919026X|chapter=Consumer Guide '70s: M|chapter-url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_chap.php?k=M&bk=70|access-date=March 7, 2019|via=robertchristgau.com}}
| occupation = Pianist, singer, songwriter, composer
| years_active = 1945–2012
| label = Globe Records, Swing Time, Checker Records, Imperial, Peacock, Trilon Records, Modern, Rounder, Classics Records, Bear Family, Ace, Stax, Minit; Hi Records
| associated_acts =
}}
James David Walker Jr. (August 13, 1921 – December 20, 2012), better known by his stage name Jimmy McCracklin, was an American pianist, singer, and songwriter. His style contained West Coast blues, Jump blues, and R&B.{{cite book| first= Paul| last= Du Noyer| year= 2003| title= The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music| edition= 1st| publisher= Flame Tree Publishing | location= Fulham, London| isbn= 1-904041-96-5| page= 181}} Over a career that spanned seven decades, he said he had written almost a thousand songs and had recorded hundreds of them.{{cite web|author=Joel Selvin |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/03/01/DDGQ9OC7VJ1.DTL |title=Richmond's Jimmy McCracklin, a top-rank bluesman for many years, isn't coming back - he never left |publisher=SFGate |date=2007-03-01 |access-date=2015-08-30}} McCracklin recorded over 30 albums, and earned four gold records. Tom Mazzolini of the San Francisco Blues Festival said of him, "He was probably the most important musician to come out of the Bay Area in the post-World War II years."{{cite web|author=Lee Hildebrand |url=http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Bay-Area-blues-legend-had-65-year-career-4136929.php |title=Bay Area blues legend had 65-year career |publisher=SFGate |date=1921-08-13 |access-date=2012-12-21}}
Biography
McCracklin was born James David Walker Jr. on August 13, 1921.{{cite book| first1= Bob| last1= Eagle| first2= Eric S.| last2= LeBlanc| year= 2013| title= Blues - A Regional Experience| publisher= Praeger Publishers| location= Santa Barbara| pages=159–160 | isbn= 978-0313344237}} Sources differ as to whether he was born in Elaine, Arkansas or St. Louis, Missouri.{{cite web|url=http://home.earthlink.net/~v1tiger/jimmymcC.html|title=The Blues Blaster; Jimmy McCracklin|author=J.C. Marion|year=2004|access-date=2012-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028102107/http://home.earthlink.net/~v1tiger/jimmymcC.html|archive-date=2009-10-28|url-status=dead}} He joined the United States Navy in 1938, later settled in Richmond, California, and began playing at the local Club Savoy owned by his sister-in-law Willie Mae "Granny" Johnson.Moore, Shirley Ann Wilson, To Place Our Deeds: The African American Community in Richmond, California, 1910-1963, University of California Press, page 132, (2000) - {{ISBN|0-520-22920-7}} The room-length bar served beer and wine, and Granny Johnson served home-cooked meals of greens, ribs, chicken, and other southern cuisine. A house band composed of Bay Area based musicians alternated with and frequently backed performers such as B. B. King, Charles Brown, and L. C. Robinson. Later in 1963 he would write and record a song "Club Savoy" on his I Just Gotta Know album.
His recorded a debut single for Globe Records, "Miss Mattie Left Me", in 1945,{{cite book|first=Tony|last=Russell|year=1997|title=The Blues: From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray|publisher=Carlton Books Limited|location=Dubai|page=13|isbn=1-85868-255-X}} and "Street Loafin' Woman" in 1946. McCracklin recorded for a number of labels in Los Angeles and Oakland, prior to joining Modern Records in 1949-1950. He formed a group called Jimmy McCracklin and his Blues Blasters in 1946, with guitarist Robert Kelton, later replaced by Lafayette Thomas who remained with the group until the early 1960s.Vladimir, Bogdanov. All Music Guide to the Blues: The Definitive Guide to the Blues, Backbeat Books, page 384, (2003) - {{ISBN|0-87930-736-6}}
His popularity increased after appearing on American Bandstand in support of his self-written single "The Walk" (1957),Cunningham, Lyn Driggs. Sweet, Hot, and Blue: St. Louis' Musical Heritage, McFarland Pub., page 110, (1989) - {{ISBN|0-89950-302-0}} subsequently released by Checker Records in 1958. It went to No. 5 on the Billboard R&B chart and No. 7 on the pop chart,{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/304705/jimmy+mccracklin/biography |title=Jimmy McCracklin - Biography |publisher=Billboard |access-date=2015-08-30}} after more than 10 years of McCracklin selling records in the black community on a series of small labels. Jimmy McCracklin Sings, his first solo album, was released in 1962, in the West Coast blues style. In 1962, McCracklin recorded "Just Got to Know" for his own Art-Tone label in Oakland; the record made No. 2 on the R&B chart. For a brief period in the early 1970s McCracklin ran the Continental Club in Oakland. He booked blues acts such as T-Bone Walker, Irma Thomas, Big Joe Turner, Big Mama Thornton, and Etta James.Selvin, Joel. San Francisco, the Musical History Tour: A Guide to Over 200 of the Bay Area Most Memorable Music Sites, Chronicle Books, page 138, (1996) - {{ISBN|0-8118-1007-0}} In 1967, Otis Redding and Carla Thomas had success with "Tramp", a song credited to McCracklin and Lowell Fulson. Salt-n-Pepa made a hip-hop hit out of the song in 1987. Oakland Blues (1968) was an album arranged and directed by McCracklin, and produced by World Pacific. The California rock-n-roll "roots music" band The Blasters named themselves after McCracklin's backing band The Blues Blasters. Blasters' lead singer Phil Alvin explained the origin of the band's name: "I thought Joe Turner’s backup band on Atlantic records – I had these 78s – I thought they were the Blues Blasters. It ends up it was Jimmy McCracklin's. I just took the 'Blues' off and Joe finally told me, that’s Jimmy McCracklin’s name, but you tell ‘im I gave you permission to steal it."
McCracklin continued to tour and produce new albums in the 1980s and 1990s.Rosen, Steven (July 6, 1988). A Circuit of Festivals Showcases the Blues. New York Times Bob Dylan has cited McCracklin as a favorite.Dylan, Bob (April 30, 2006). MUSIC: PLAYLIST; It's All Right, Ma, I'm Only D.J.ing. New York Times He played at the San Francisco Blues Festival in 1973, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1984 and 2007. He was given a Pioneer Award by the Rhythm and Blues Foundation in 1990, and the Living Legend and Hall of Fame award at the Bay Area Black Music Awards, in 2007.{{cite web|author=Lee Hildebrand |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/04/17/DDG1TP8J9U1.DTL&hw=Jimmy+McCracklin&sn=003&sc=110 |title=Local musicians get overdue honors, but awards show deserves no prizes |publisher=SFGate |date=2007-04-17 |access-date=2015-08-30}} McCracklin continued to write, record, and perform into the 21st century.
He died in San Pablo, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area, on December 20, 2012, after a long illness, aged 91.
Selected discography
| class="wikitable" |
| Year
!Title !Genre !Label |
|---|
| 2013
|Blues Blasters Boogie: Selected Classic Sides 1945–1955 [4-CD] |West Coast blues |JSP |
| 2007
|The Chronological Jimmy McCracklin 1951–1954 |West Coast blues |Classics (Blues & Rhythm series) |
| 2004
|The Chronological Jimmy McCracklin 1948–1951 |West Coast blues |Classics (Blues & Rhythm series) |
| 2004
|I Had to Get With It: Best of the Imperial & Minit Years |West Coast blues |Stateside |
| 2004
|Blues Blastin' (The Modern Recordings, Volume 2) |West Coast blues |Ace |
| 2003
|The Chronological Jimmy McCracklin 1945–1948 |West Coast blues |Classics (Blues & Rhythm series) |
| 2003
|Jumpin' Bay Area 1948–1955 |West Coast blues |P-Vine [Japan] |
| 1999
|The Modern Recordings 1948–1950 |West Coast blues |Ace |
| 1999
|Tell It to the Judge! |West Coast blues |Gunsmoke |
| 1997
|The Walk: Jimmy McCracklin at His Best (1956–1969) |West Coast blues, Soul-Blues |Razor & Tie |
| 1994
|A Taste of the Blues |West Coast blues |Bullseye Blues/Rounder |
| 1992
|The Mercury Recordings |West Coast blues, Soul-Blues |Bear Family |
| 1991
|My Story |West Coast blues |Bullseye Blues/Rounder |
| 1988
|Same Lovin' |West Coast blues |Evejim |
| 1988
|Everybody Rock! The Best of Jimmy McCracklin |West Coast blues |Charly R&B |
| 1987
|Blast 'Em Dead! |West Coast blues |Ace |
| 1981
|Jimmy McCracklin and His Blues Blasters (Volume One) [10" LP] |West Coast blues |Ace |
| 1978
|Rockin' Man |West Coast blues |Stax |
| 1972
|Yesterday Is Gone |West Coast blues |Stax |
| 1971
|High on the Blues |West Coast blues |Stax |
| 1969
|Stinger Man |Soul-Blues |Minit |
| 1968
|Let's Get Together |Soul-Blues |Minit |
| 1966
|New Soul of Jimmy McCracklin |West Coast blues |Imperial |
| 1966
|My Answer |West Coast blues |Imperial |
| 1965
|Think |West Coast blues |Imperial |
| 1965
|Every Night, Every Day |West Coast blues |Imperial |
| 1963
|I Just Gotta Know |West Coast blues |Imperial |
| 1962
|Jimmy McCracklin Sings |West Coast blues |Chess |
| 1961
|My Rockin' Soul [AKA Twist With Jimmy McCracklin] |West Coast blues |Crown; United |
Quotation
"I can watch a guy work, listen to how he pronounce his words," said McCracklin, "and I can tell just how to fit that guy with a song".{{cite book
| first= Tony
| last= Russell
| year= 1997
| title= The Blues - From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray
| publisher=Carlton Books Limited
| location= Dubai
| page= 141
| isbn= 1-85868-255-X}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{IMDb name|id=1893512}}
- [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/object/article?f=/c/a/2007/03/01/DDGQ9OC7VJ1.DTL&o=0 Jimmy McCracklin photo gallery]
- [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p450/biography|pure_url=yes}} Allmusic]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:McCracklin, Jimmy}}
Category:Musicians from St. Louis
Category:American male singers
Category:Songwriters from Missouri
Category:Imperial Records artists
Category:Modern Records artists
Category:RPM Records (United States) artists
Category:Chess Records artists
Category:Ace Records (United States) artists
Category:Custom Records artists
Category:Minit Records artists
Category:West Coast blues musicians
Category:Musicians from the San Francisco Bay Area
Category:Checker Records artists
Category:Songwriters from California
Category:20th-century American pianists
Category:Singers from Missouri
Category:American male pianists
Category:20th-century American male musicians