Jiro Sato

He debuted on the international tennis scene in 1929 when the touring Racing Club de Paris visited Japan for a series of exhibition matches. He notably defeated tennis legends Jacques Brugnon, Raymond Rodel and Pierre Henri Landry, only losing to Henri Cochet.{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00015/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1929_1_015-016.pdf|issue=15–16|volume=I|pages=349|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=December 25, 1929|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=October 23, 2012}}

In 1930 he was the runner-up for the All Japan Championships, which he finally did win the next year. Also in 1930 he was a runner-up for the Mid-Pacific Invitational tournament losing to American Cranston Holman and the doubles final as well.{{cite journal|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/berkeley-daily-gazette/1930-04-02/page-11/|page=11|journal=Berkeley Daily Gazette|date=April 2, 1930|title=Lacoste captures British net title|location=Berkeley, California|access-date=October 23, 2012}}{{cite journal|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/berkeley-daily-gazette/1930-04-01/page-13/|page=13|journal=Berkeley Daily Gazette|date=April 1, 1930|title=Lacoste captures British net title|location=Berkeley, California|access-date=October 23, 2012}}

In 1931 he lost the Miramar L. T. C. title in Juan-les-Pins against Hyotaro Sato, won the doubles, and was a finalist in mixed doubles.{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00045/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_010.pdf|volume=III|issue=10|pages=186|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=May 15, 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=October 23, 2012}} He clinched the South of England Championships in singles and doubles. He was defeated by Jean Borotra for the British Covered Court Championships title.{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00052/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_020.pdf|issue=20|volume=III|pages=398|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=November 1, 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=October 23, 2012}} He partnered Hyotaro Sato to gain the Beau Site Club de Cannes second meeting trophy {{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00043/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_008.pdf|issue=8|volume=III|pages=133|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=April 20, 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=October 23, 2012}} and the St. Raphaël T.C. title.{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00044/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_009.pdf|issue=9|volume=III|page=157|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=May 1, 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=October 23, 2012}} In singles competition he claimed the Country Club de Monte-Carlo second meeting title (the same tournament in which the Sato pair reached the doubles final). He became Dutch doubles champion alongside Minoru Kawachi.{{cite journal|editor=J. Von Straten|url=http://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/collectie/kranten/un/1931/0714|journal=Utrechts Nieuwsblad|issue=62|volume=39|date=July 14, 1931|title=Sport, Lawntennis|publisher=J. G. Goedhart|location=Utrecht, Netherlands|language=nl|access-date=October 23, 2012}} In July he beat Vernon Kirby for the Tunbridge Wells Championship.{{cite journal|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/singfreepressb19310911-1.2.114.aspx|page=13|issue=13,428|journal=The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser|date=September 11, 1931|title=Lawn tennis|location=Singapore, Straits Settlements|access-date=October 23, 2012}} He captured the Midland Counties Championships in singles and mixed doubles the same month and only losing the doubles final.{{cite journal|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/singfreepressb19310725-1.2.132.2.aspx|page=20|issue=13,397|journal=The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser|date=July 25, 1931|title=Japan's tennis star|location=Singapore, Straits Settlements|access-date=October 23, 2012}}

Between July and November 1931 he won 13 singles titles in Great Britain.{{cite journal|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19311105.2.8.aspx|page=6|journal=The Straits Times|date=November 5, 1931|title=Sato's thirteen British titles|location=Singapore, Straits Settlements|access-date=October 23, 2012}} He met Fred Perry twice for the Pacific Southwest Championships title in 1932 and 1933, losing both times.{{cite journal

| date = September 26, 1932

| title = Perry defeats Sato for Pacific net title

| journal =Kingston Gleaner

| location = Kingston, Jamaica

| publisher = Gleaner Company

| page = 42

| volume = XCVIII

| issue = 225

| access-date = October 23, 2012

| url = https://newspaperarchive.com/kingston-gleaner/1932-09-26/page-42/

}}{{cite journal

|journal = The New York Times

|title = English Ace Retains Pacific Southwest Net Title by Beat- ing Japanese Star.

|url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10E10FF395A10718EDDAD0A94D1405B838FF1D3

|access-date = October 23, 2012

|date = September 1933

}} In August 1933 he partnered compatriot Ryosuke Nunoi to win the doubles title at the German Championships in Hamburg.{{cite book|title=Lowe's Lawn Tennis Annual|year=1935|publisher=Eyre & Spottiswoode|location=London|pages=60, 62}}

From 1931 to 1933 Sato played in ten ties for the Japanese Davis Cup team and won 22 rubbers and lost only six, compiling a 79% winning record.

Sato played with a flat forehand drive which he modeled after Henri Cochet when Cochet visited Japan in 1929. He hit the ball on the forehand side early after the bounce and he was an excellent volleyer.{{cite book|last=Brady|first=Maurice|title=The Encyclopedia of Lawn Tennis|year=1958|publisher=Robert Hale Ltd.|location=London|pages=118, 119|edition=1|oclc=26127|isbn=9780498074684}}

Jiro Sato attended Waseda University and studied economics. He abandoned his studies in 1933 to pursue tennis. He had an elder brother, Hyotaro Sato, who was also a tennis player.{{cite journal|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58632527|volume=22|journal=The Mail|issue=1,141|date=April 7, 1934|title=Will be With Team In Spirit, Writes J. Satoh|location=Adelaide|access-date=October 23, 2012}} He was engaged to Sanae Okada in 1934, one of Japan's best female tennis players.

On April 4, 1934, Jiro Sato was on the ship N.Y.K. Hakone Maru crossing the Strait of Malacca to Europe for the 1934 International Lawn Tennis Challenge (later to be known as Davis Cup) against the Australia Davis Cup team in the second round. Ted Tinling was also on board that ship. Earlier in the day Sato complained of stomach pains and thus had no appetite and kept to his cabin. He considered leaving the ship at Singapore, which he did for a medical examination. The exam revealed no reasons for his health problems and it was concluded that his problems were psychological. Sato was nervous and feared that his illness would be an obstacle for his team to win. As the day passed, the Japan Davis Cup team was given a banquet hosted by the Japanese consul to Singapore. Sato was present and was further pushed by the consul and his teammates to proceed with the trip and sail to Europe. That same day a cable was received from the Japanese Lawn Tennis Association insisting on Sato's participation in the Davis Cup and that the voyage should be resumed without delay.

At 11:30 p.m. on April 5, 1934, before reaching Penang, Sato was found missing by his compatriot Jiro Yamagishi. The last time he was seen was at 8:30 p.m. when he had dinner in his cabin.{{cite journal|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19340407.2.49.aspx|page=11|journal=The Straits Times|date=April 7, 1934|title=Thought he was burden to his colleagues|location=Singapore, Straits Settlements|access-date=October 23, 2012}} He left two suicide notes, one to his Japanese tennis teammates expressing doubts that he would be able to help the team in the upcoming contest. He begged them to forgive him and do their best to prevail in the match. He promised he would be with his colleagues in spirit. The other note was addressed to the ship's captain, apologizing for the inconveniences that his actions might cause. A search for him continued for seven more hours and the vessel hovered in the strait. Wireless messages were sent to nearby ships. Later further evidence was found which confirmed the suicide theory. Two iron davit-winding handles and a training skip-rope were missing, which Sato probably used to tie weights on himself to make sure he would drown. After discovery of the new evidence, the ship sent out a radio message stating that "Japan's finest tennis player and national hero was believed to have committed suicide by throwing himself overboard". On April 6, a prayer was ministered by his friends who assembled on the deck of the ship. An altar was built on board with photographs and racquets of Sato around it. Also a traditional Japanese "cake offering" ceremony was held. It was speculated that the pressure on him came from the growing prestige of the Japanese Empire and from the Japanese Lawn Tennis Association who refused to allow the exhausted Sato to have a break from tennis and skip the 1934 season. He became depressed and concerned about his abilities.

Several world class players reacted to the event. Fred Perry said that Sato was "one of the cheeriest men he had ever known". Bunny Austin added that "He had a great sense of humor...He always gave the impression that he would be the last man on earth to come to such an end". Ryuki Miki took over as captain of the Davis Cup team and went on to win the 1934 Wimbledon Championships mixed doubles title the same year. Miki stated Sato was a joyful person who loved jokes and making people laugh. His fiancée recalled that Sato hoped he could stay at Singapore. She further added: "I believe Jiro committed suicide solely from a sense of responsibility after he had acceded to the tennis association's urgings to proceed to Europe, even when he wanted to return from Singapore. To the end of my life I shall regret that it was the order of the Japanese Lawn Tennis Association that resulted in his death. Jiro was a man of honor and he played every time for the honor of Japan." His brother Hyotaro Sato addressed a call for the Japanese team to not cancel their match and to fight their hardest.

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• Maurice Brady, The Encyclopedia of Lawn Tennis (Robert Hale Ltd., published in 1958 / See pages 118–119.)
• Bud Collins, Total Tennis, The Ultimate Tennis Encyclopedia ({{ISBN|0973144343}}, Sport Classic Books / See page 785.)

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• {{ATP}}
• {{ITF}}
• {{Davis Cup player}}

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Category:1908 births

Category:1934 suicides

Category:1934 deaths

Category:Japanese male tennis players

Category:People who died at sea

Category:Suicides by drowning

Category:Sportspeople from Gunma Prefecture

Category:20th-century Japanese sportsmen