John Banner

Banner was born on January 28, 1910,{{cite book|last=Royce|first=Brenda Scott|title=Hogan's Heroes: Behind the Scenes at Stalag 13|location=New York|publisher=Renaissance Books|date=1998|isbn=9781580630313|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LbJ_AQAAQBAJ|page=87}} to Jewish parents in Stanislau, Austria-Hungary (now Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine). He studied for a law degree at the University of Vienna, but decided instead to become an actor.{{cite news|author=Witbeck|first=Charles|date=April 16, 1967|title=Ex-Villain John Banner Turns 'Good Guy'|page=96|newspaper=Fresno Bee|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1005397/john_banner_interview/?|access-date=September 12, 2014|via=Newspapers.com}} {{Open access}} In 1938, when he was performing with an acting troupe in Switzerland, Adolf Hitler annexed Austria to Nazi Germany. Banner emigrated to the United States, where he rapidly learned English. He married Elizabeth Johanna Josefine Julie Raudnitz in Los Angeles, California on October 11, 1940.https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3998/records/1908909

In 1942, Banner enlisted in the United States Army Air Corps, underwent basic training in Atlantic City and became a supply sergeant.{{cite news|author=Johnson|first=Erskine|date=October 2, 1965|title=Meet John Banner, He Ate His Way to New Character|page=11|newspaper=North Adams Transcript|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1002563/this_is_for_banners_wikipedia_bio/?|access-date=September 12, 2014|via=Newspapers.com}} {{Open access}} He even posed for a recruiting poster. He served until 1945.{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1002568/john_banners_obituary/?|title=Actor John Banner (Sgt. Schultz) dies|date=February 2, 1973|newspaper=Long Beach Independent|page=2|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=September 12, 2014}} {{Open access}}

According to fellow Hogan's Heroes actor Robert Clary, who was a Holocaust survivor himself, "John lost a lot of his family" to the Holocaust.{{cite news|author=King|first=Susan|date=March 24, 2013|title=Robert Clary a survivor in life and entertainment|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2013-mar-24-la-et-mn-classic-hollywood-robert-clary20130325-story.html}}

Banner appeared on Broadway three times: in a musical revue called From Vienna, which ran for two months in 1939; and in two comic plays, Pastoral, in which he had a leading role,{{cite news|author=Pollock|first=Arthur|date=November 2, 1939|title='Pastoral,' a Comedy by Victor Wolfson: Ruth Weston and John Banner Head Cast at Henry Miller's Theater|page=10|newspaper=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1002565/john_banner_starring_in_a_broadway/?|access-date=September 11, 2014|via=Newspapers.com}} {{Open access}} Note his photo at the bottom left of the article. but which had a very brief run in November 1939; and The Big Two, which ran briefly in January 1947.{{IBDB name|117241}} Early on, before he became fluent in English, Banner had to learn his lines phonetically.

Banner appeared in more than 40 feature films. His first credited role was a German captain in Once Upon a Honeymoon (1942), starring Cary Grant and Ginger Rogers. He also played a Gestapo agent in 20th Century Fox's Chetniks! The Fighting Guerrillas (1943). His typecasting did not please him, but these were the only roles he was offered. Banner later learned that his family members who remained in Vienna had all perished in Nazi concentration camps.{{cite web|title=Transcript of the interview with actor Werner Klemperer |url=http://www.peteranthonyholder.com/Archives/2016/cjad21.htm|first=Peter Anthony |last=Holder |date=June 11, 1996 |work=CJAD}}

Banner made more than 70 television appearances between 1950 and 1970, including the Lone Ranger (episode "Damsels In Distress", 1950), Sky King (premiere episode "Operation Urgent", 1952), Sheena, Queen of the Jungle ("The Renegades", 1955), Adventures of Superman ("The Man Who Made Dreams Come True", 1957), Father Knows Best ("Brief Holiday", 1957), Mister Ed (episode "Ed the Artist", 1965), Thriller (episode "Portrait Without a Face", 1961), The Untouchables ("Takeover", 1962), My Sister Eileen, The Lucy Show, Perry Mason, The Partridge Family, Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ("Hot Line", 1964), Alias Smith and Jones, The Man from U.N.C.L.E. ("The Neptune Affair", 1964), and Hazel ("The Investor", 1965).

In the late 1950s, a still-slim Banner portrayed Peter Tchaikovsky's supervisor on a Disneyland anthology series about the composer's life. This followed a scene with fellow Hogan's Heroes actor Leon Askin (General Burkhalter) as Nikolai Rubinstein. In 1953, he had a bit part in the Kirk Douglas feature film The Juggler as the witness of an attack on an Israeli policeman by a disturbed concentration camp survivor.

In 1954, he had a regular role playing Bavarro in the children's science-fiction TV series Rocky Jones, Space Ranger. Two years later, he played a train conductor in the episode "Safe Conduct" of Alfred Hitchcock Presents, appearing with future co-star Werner Klemperer, (Colonel Klink in Hogan's Heroes), who played a spy. He also played Nazi villains in several later films - the German town mayor in The Young Lions (1958), Rudolf Höss in Operation Eichmann (1961, opposite Werner Klemperer as Adolf Eichmann), and Gregor Strasser in Hitler (1962). The year before the premiere of Hogan's Heroes, Banner portrayed a World War II German "home guard" soldier in 36 Hours (1964), starring James Garner. Although it was a serious role in a war drama, Banner still displayed some of the affable nature that became his defining character trait the following year in Hogan's Heroes. By coincidence, during the final moments of 36 Hours, John Banner's character meets up with a border guard played by Sig Ruman, who had portrayed another prisoner-of-war camp chief guard named Sergeant Schulz in the 1953 film Stalag 17, starring William Holden.

The comedy series Hogan's Heroes, in which Banner played Sergeant Hans Schultz, the role for which he is most often remembered, debuted on the CBS Television Network in 1965. According to Banner, before he met and married his French wife Christine Gemenne on June 19, 1965,https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1144/records/2123444 he weighed {{convert|178|lb|kg}}; he claimed her good cooking was responsible for his weight gain to {{convert|260|lb|kg}}, which helped him land the part.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}} The character of Schultz is a bumbling, but ultimately lovable, German guard at a World War II prisoner-of-war camp. The camp is used by the prisoners as a secret staging area for sabotage and intelligence gathering. To obtain nuggets of information from the commandant's office, the prisoners often bribe Schultz with food and candy. Schultz's main goal is to avoid any trouble with his superiors, which often leads him to ignore the clandestine activities of the prisoners. (On those occasions, he often used his catchphrase "I hear nothing, I see nothing, I know nothing!" As the series went on, this became simply "I know nothing. Nothing!") The genesis of the line could be from Banner’s appearance on the TV crime drama The Untouchables, in the episode "The Takeover" (1961), when confronted by a gangster, he nervously responds with his future classic line. Another signature phrase used was "Jolly joker!", when one of the POWs would make a joke at his expense. Schultz's gentle nature is exemplified by his occupation before the war: he was owner of Germany's largest toy company.

Banner was loved not only by the viewers, but also by the cast, as recalled by cast members during the Hogan's Heroes DVD commentary. The Jewish Banner defended his character, telling TV Guide in 1967, "Schultz is not a Nazi. I see Schultz as the representative of some kind of goodness in any generation." Banner appeared in every episode of the series, which ran for six years.

In 1968, during the series' run, Banner co-starred with fellow Hogan's Heroes actors Werner Klemperer, Leon Askin, and Bob Crane in the Cold War comedy The Wicked Dreams of Paula Schultz, starring Elke Sommer in the title role.

After Hogan's Heroes was cancelled in 1971, Banner starred as the inept gangster Uncle Latzi in a short-lived television situation comedy, The Chicago Teddy Bears. His last acting appearance was in the March 17, 1972, episode of The Partridge Family. He then retired to France with his Paris-born second wife.

Banner died on January 28, 1973 – his 63rd birthday – following a burst abdominal aortic aneurysm hemorrhage.{{cite news|title=In Brief / Obit|url=http://americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1973/1973-02-05-BC.pdf|work=Broadcasting (page 11)|date=February 5, 1973}} At the time of his death, he was visiting friends in Vienna.

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Category:1910 births

Category:1973 deaths

Category:20th-century American Jews

Category:20th-century American male actors

Category:20th-century Austrian male actors

Category:American male film actors

Category:American male television actors

Category:American people of Austrian-Jewish descent

Category:Austrian emigrants to the United States

Category:Austrian male film actors

Category:Austrian male television actors

Category:Jews from Austria-Hungary

Category:Deaths from gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Category:Jewish American male actors

Category:Jewish American military personnel

Category:Male actors from Vienna

Category:United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II

Category:United States Army Air Forces soldiers