John C. Collins
{{Short description|American theoretical physicist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name = John C. Collins
|caption = Collins, John
|nationality = American
|field = Physics
|work_institution = Pennsylvania State University
|alma_mater = University of Cambridge
|known_for = quantum chromodynamics (QCD)
perturbative QCD
QCD factorization theorems
|prizes = J.J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics (2009)
}}
John Clements Collins (born 1949) is a British-born American theoretical physicist and professor of physics at Pennsylvania State University. He attended the University of Cambridge where he obtained a B.A. in mathematics 1971 and a Ph.D. in theoretical physics in 1975. He worked as a postdoc and assistant professor from 1975 to 1980 at Princeton University. Collins was part of the faculty of the Illinois Institute of Technology from 1980 to 1990. From 1990 to the present, he has been a faculty member in the department of physics at Pennsylvania State University where he currently holds the position of distinguished professor.{{cite web|title= 2009 J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics Recipient|url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/prizerecipient.cfm?last_nm=Collins&first_nm=John&year=2009|publisher=APS|accessdate=13 August 2014}}{{cite web |title= John Collins Penn State Profile |url= http://www.phys.psu.edu/people/jcc8 |access-date= 14 August 2014 |archive-date= 22 October 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181022005736/http://www.phys.psu.edu/people/jcc8 |url-status= dead }}
He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and received the Guggenheim Fellowship in 1986. In 2009, he was awarded the Sakurai Prize along with R. Keith Ellis and Davison E. Soper.
Research
John Collins is known primarily for his foundational contributions to the development of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD), especially the formulation and subsequent development of the QCD factorization theorems. Much of this work was done in collaboration with Davison E. Soper and George Sterman.{{cite journal|author=Collins, John C.|author2=Soper, Davison E.|author3=Sterman, George|title= Transverse Momentum Distribution in Drell-Yan Pair and W and Z Boson Production
|journal=Nuclear Physics B|volume=250|issue=1–4|year=1985|pages=199–234|doi=10.1016/0550-3213(85)90479-1|bibcode = 1985NuPhB.250..199C |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/153460}}{{cite journal|author=Collins, John C.|author2=Soper, Davison E.|author3=Sterman, George|title=Factorization for short distance hadron-hadron scattering|journal=Nuclear Physics B|volume=281|year=1985|pages=104–142|doi=10.1016/0550-3213(85)90565-6|bibcode = 1985NuPhB.261..104C }}{{cite book
| author= John C. Collins, Davison E. Soper and George Sterman
| editor-first = A. H
| editor-last = Mueller
| editor-link=Alfred Mueller
| year = 1989
| chapter = Factorization of Hard Processes in QCD
| title = Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics
| publisher = World Scientific
| pages = 1–92
| isbn =
| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=61cPPKtCsNoC&pg=PA1
}} Collins also contributed to the formulation of factorization proofs for exclusive processes
{{cite journal
|author=Collins, John C.
|author2=Frankfurt, Leonid
|author3=Strikman, Mark
|year=1997
|title=Factorization for hard exclusive electroproduction of mesons in QCD
|journal=Physical Review D
|volume=52 |page=2982
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.56.2982
|arxiv = hep-ph/9611433
|issue=5 |bibcode = 1997PhRvD..56.2982C |s2cid=15384023
}}
and he provided a proof of factorization for hard high-energy diffraction.
{{cite journal
|author=Collins, John C.
|year=1998
|title=Proof of factorization for diffractive hard scattering
|journal=Physical Review D
|volume=57 |page=3051
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.57.3051
|arxiv = hep-ph/9709499
|issue=5 |bibcode = 1998PhRvD..57.3051C }}
The Collins mechanism was proposed to explain the existence of transverse spin dependence in hadron collisions.{{cite journal|author=Collins, John C.|title=Fragmentation of transversely polarized quarks probed in transverse momentum distributions|journal=Nuclear Physics B|year=1993|volume=396|issue=1|pages=161–182|doi=10.1016/0550-3213(93)90262-N|arxiv = hep-ph/9208213 |bibcode = 1993NuPhB.396..161C |s2cid=15966703 }}{{cite book
| author= Elliot Leader
| year = 2005
| title = Spin in Particle Physics
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| pages = 391–398
| isbn =978-0521020770
| url = http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/physics/theoretical-physics-and-mathematical-physics/spin-particle-physics
}}
Collins is the author of two books, both published by the Cambridge University Press: Renormalization: An Introduction to Renormalization, the Renormalization Group and the Operator-Product Expansion was published in 1986{{cite book|last=John|first=Collins|title=Renormalization: An Introduction to Renormalization, the Renormalization Group and the Operator-Product Expansion|year=1986|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0521311779|url=http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/physics/theoretical-physics-and-mathematical-physics/renormalization-introduction-renormalization-renormalization-group-and-operator-product-expansion?format=PB}} and Foundations of Perturbative QCD was published in 2011.{{cite book|last=John|first=Collins|title=Foundations of Perturbative QCD|year=2011|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1107645257|url=http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/physics/particle-physics-and-nuclear-physics/foundations-perturbative-qcd?format=PB}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://users.phys.psu.edu/~collins/ John Collins homepage at Penn State University]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Collins, John C.}}
Category:21st-century American physicists
Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Category:American theoretical physicists
Category:J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics recipients